试论历史剧中“历史真实”与“艺术真实”

历史剧作为一种特殊的艺术样式,如何处理历史剧中"史"与"剧"、"历史真实"与"艺术真实"之间的关系问题受到了从事历史剧创作的作家及其艺术理论家长期关注。不同的剧作家根据自身对于"历史真实"与"艺术真实"之间关系问题有着各自不同的理解,出现了不少的分歧,关于这个问题艺术界、学术界仍然是悬而未决,亟待继续深入探索。应该说对于两种之间关系的理解直接影响到历史题材艺术创作发展的方向和作品质量的优劣。因此,这样一个重要的理论问题是非常值得我们进行深入探讨和思考的。     

历史剧观念反思

《诗学》中没有明确提出"历史剧"问题。在莎士比亚时代,严格依据编年史创作的历史剧成熟起来。马克思、恩格斯等思想家则打破历史剧的各种规范限制,以是否承载历史内涵的标准来评判是否为历史剧。在西方戏剧引入中国之后,人们更倾向于把历史题材剧理解为历史剧,而且所讨论的历史剧内涵越来越疏离于"历史"的限制。历史剧的"度"虽然难以把握,但反映重大历史真实的底线不应该违背。     

从历史镜鉴到人文观照--当代戏曲中闯王剧的演进轨迹

本以《闯王进京》、《闯王旗》、《甲申祭》三个不同时期同一题材的历史剧为例，分析了现代戏曲历史剧在艺术追求和审美倾向上的发展轨迹，并以《甲申祭》为个案着重讨论了当前历史剧对历史人物隐蔽的心灵空间进行探寻的人观照倾向，以及对历史真实与艺术真实这一问题的把握。     

历史题材文艺作品创作问题刍议

历史题材文艺作品既受到历史真实的制约,又受艺术规律、艺术创作法则的支配.一部好的历史剧应该是历史真实与艺术真实的有机统一.     

“历史真实”观与当代历史小说新变

中国当代历史小说家们的“历史真实”观主要有三种,即历史生活的真实、历史精神的真实和历史文化的真实。“历史真实”观的多样化不仅使作家们的艺术个性更为鲜明和突出,也使当代历史小说出现了多元发展的趋势,有着更加繁荣的前景。     

历史剧和清宫戏断想

历史剧是人们对于历史所进行的情感性认识，表达了民族对于历史的多元观点。在古今中外学艺术的历史上，历史剧大都是虚构的；对于历史剧的真实性的要求，实际上是一种泛现实主义艺术观的专制的余脉。时下清宫戏的流行的重要原因，首先在于它们是对于历史的反思，其次是因为它们的通俗艺性质。历史剧不必要求历史的真实性，但是要求艺术的真实性。艺术真实性和戏噱风格分别是历史纪实剧和历史传奇成功的关键。     

把握历史的精神而不为史实所束缚——谈郭沫若历史剧的历史真实性问题

郭沫若同志的很多历史剧达到了艺术真实和历史真实的和谐统一,艺术地再现了历史的风貌。无庸讳言,他也有些历史剧对历史生活的反映是不够真实的。他的历史剧的成就和不足,都和如何对待历史的事实,能否把握历史的精神有关。本文拟就郭沫若历史剧的历史真实性谈点肤浅看法。     

论阿英历史剧的“历史”意义

四十年代的历史剧顺应时代需求应运而生。其中,阿英的历史剧注重在历史真实中挖掘艺术真实所产生的感染力,注重与男性相对比的女性中心叙事所带来的革命渲染力,注重戏剧氛围营造中所增添的阅读力,产生很强的艺术张力作用。     

艺术真实与历史真实的冲突与碰撞——《首义英雄》读后杂感

历史真实与艺术真实的辨证关系;文坛及影视作品中历史题材创作的现状;《首义英雄》的思想艺术成就。     

艺术和历史的关系——亚里士多德和黑格尔的观点比较

对艺术和历史的关系的阐述所凭借的尺度一般都是真实性。日常的看法一般认为历史比艺术真实,而亚里士多德却认为诗比历史更真实。亚里士多德虽然在艺术方面具有创造性的看法,但他对历史的看法却完全基于一种日常的观点。黑格尔认为世界历史是理性自身演绎的历史,具有必然性,所以历史跟艺术是同一的,但他终究还是认为艺术比历史真实。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…