LZ50车轴钢低周疲劳性能研究

研究了LZ50车轴钢的循环相关特性,循环疲劳特性及循环应力-应变关系。试验结果表明:LZ50车轴钢的循环疲劳特性曲线及循环应力-应变曲线很好地符合双对数线性关系;其循环相关特性表现为先循环软化,稳定后又发生循环硬化,而且循环软化和循环硬化的程度随控制应变的不同而不同。     

A load-holding time prediction method based on creep strain relaxation for the cold-stretching process of S30408 cryogenic pressure vessels

Austenitic stainless steel (ASS) has been widely used for cryogenic pressure vessels. Its high strain hardening characteristic allows cold-stretching. In the cold-stretching process, the load-holding time is a critical operating parameter which affects the final deformation of the material. In this paper, a load-holding time prediction method for the cold-stretching process of S30408 cryogenic pressure vessels is proposed, based on room-temperature creep strain relaxation. The proposed correlation has only one variable, the maximum circumferential stress applied to the cylindrical shell, which can be easily obtained by finite element analysis. Consequently, the strain rate measurement during the cold-stretching process is significantly simplified. The prediction method and the strain rate measurement were verified by experimental measurements conducted on two vessels manufactured via the cold-stretching process. The measured strain relaxation times accurately matched the calculated values and the load-holding time for the process was well predicted.     

Rate-dependent constitutive model of poly（ethylene terephthalate） for dynamic analysis

Uniaxial tensile testing at strain rates ranging from 10-3 to 10-1 s-1 was carried out to study the rate-dependent me-chanical behavior for poly（ethylene terephthalate） （PET） used in the packaging industry. The experimental results show that a rate-dependent plastic behavior exists for PET material. The value of the yield strength was found to increase with the increasing strain rate. A new constitutive model based on the improved Cowper-Symonds rate-dependent constitutive model is proposed to describe the mechanical behavior of PET material in the strain rate ranging from 10-3 to 10-1 s-1, providing more accurate material data for the subsequent simulation analysis of drop test and dynamic buckling. The predictions obtained using the proposed model are compared with experimental results of the improved Cowper-Symonds model. The simulating results of the proposed model agree well with the experimental data. For a low strain rate, the predictions of this model are more precise than those obtained using the improved Cowper-Symonds model. This confirms that the new constitutive model is suitable for describing the me-chanical behavior of PET material at a low strain rate and modeling impact problem.     

混凝土三轴等幅拉-压疲劳性能试验研究

Fatigue tests were conducted on tapered plain concrete prism specimens under triaxial constant-amplitude tension-compression cyclic loading. The low stress of the cyclic loading was taken as 0.2fc and the upper stress ranged from 0.20ft to 0.65ft. Three constant lateral pressures were 0.1fc, 0.2fc and 0.3fc respectively. Based on the results, the three-stage evolution nile of the fatigue stiffness, maximttm(minimum) longitudinal strain and damage were analyzed, and a unified S-N curve to calculate fatigue strength factors was worked out. The results show that the fatigue strength and fatigue life under triaxial constant-amplitude tension-compression cyclic loading are smaller than those under uniaxial fatigue condition. Moreover, the secondary strain creep rate is related to the fatigue life, a formula for describing their relation was derived. The investigation of this paper can provide information for the fatigue design of concrete structures.     

调质42CrMo钢的棘轮-疲劳交互作用研究

对调质42CrMo钢进行室温下各种应力循环和对称应变循环的低周疲劳实验,揭示材料的循环软化特性,棘轮变形和低周疲劳特性以及棘轮-疲劳交互作用。结果表明,调质42CrMo钢体现出明显的循环软化;在应力幅值或平均应力较高时,试样的棘轮变形较大,其破坏形式为延性破坏,而在应力水平较低时,材料的破坏由疲劳裂纹扩展所致的脆性断裂引起;材料在应力循环下的低周疲劳寿命由于有棘轮变形的产生而受到平均应力、应力幅值、最大应力和应变比等多种因素的影响。     

High cycle fatigue life prediction method for tail gearbox casing of a helicopter transmission system

A method and procedure of high cycle fatigue life prediction for helicopter transmission system tail gearbox casing ispresented, including fatigue test load, three parameters S-N curve, reduction factor and cumulative damage law. According to thefatigue test results, the design load spectrum and the three parameters S-N curve, a fatigue life prediction of the tail gearboxcasing of a helicopter is performed as an example.     

Improving the Fatigue Performance of the Welded Joints of Ultra-Fine Grain Steel by Ultrasonic Peening

Contrast tests were carried out to study the fatigue performance of the butt joints treated by ultrasonic peening, aiming at the improvement of ultrasonic peening treatment(UPT) on welded joints of a new material. The material is a new generation of fine grain and high purity SS400 steel that has the same ingredients as the traditional low carbon steel. The specimens are in two different states:welded and ultrasonic peening conditions. The corresponding fatigue testing data were analyzed according to the regulation of the statistical method for fatigue life of the welded joints established by International Institute of Welding(IIW). Welding residual stress was considered in two different ways: the constant stress ratio R = 0.5 and the Ohta method. The nominalstress-number (σ-N) curves were corrected because of the different plate thickness compared to the standard and because there was no mismatch or angular deformation. The results indicated that: 1 ) Compared with the welded specimens, when the stress range was 200 MPa, the fatigue life of the SS400 steel specimens treated by ultrasonic peening is prolonged by over 58 times, and the fatigue strength FAT corresponding to 106 cycles is increased by about 66％; 2) As for the SS400 butt joint ( single side welding double sides molding) , after being treated by UPT, the nominal S-N curve (m = 10) of FAT 100 MPa(R =0.5) should be used for fatigue design. The standard S-N curves of FAT 100 MPa (R = 0.5, m = 10) could be used for fatigue design of the SS400 steel butt joints treated by ultrasonic peening.     

Effects of strain ratio on fatigue behavior of G20Mn5QT cast steel

Due to traffic and wave actions, cast steel joints are subjected to variable-amplitude fatigue loading, which may cause fatigue problems. The ratio of the minimum strain to the maximum strain(strain ratio)can be employed to analyze the influence of variable-amplitude fatigue both in the elastic and plastic ranges. To evaluate the effect of the strain ratio on G20Mn5QT cast steel, the fatigue tests of smooth specimens were carried out at the strain ratio of 0.1. The cyclic deformation and the relationships between the strain amplitude, the stress amplitude, the Smith, Watson and Topper(SWT)parameter and fatigue life were studied and compared with those at the strain ratio of -1. Compared with other methods, Basquin formula and Solonberg formula provide reliable and appropriate ranges of S-N curve and fatigue limit at different strain ratios respectively. The SWT parameter can be used to predict the fatigue life at other strain ratios accurately.     

316不锈钢低循环特性研究

研究了316L和316LN不锈钢在常温下的低循环特性并对其组织结构的变化进行了观察.结果显示,材料在循环变形过程中呈现不同程度的硬化、软化现象。组织结构的演变与循环应力特性曲线的变化规律相呼应。     

Experimental study on uniaxial time-dependent ratcheting of a polyetherimide polymer

The uniaxial ratcheting behavior of a polyetherimide （PEI） polymer ＇TECAPEI＇ was studied using stress-controlled cyclic loading at room temperature, including both cyclic tension-compression with non-zero tensile mean stress and tension- unloading tests. The experimental observations were focused on the time-dependent ratcheting of the PEI polymer revealed in cyclic tests at diverse stress rates and with different peak stress holding times. The results showed that the PEI polymer shows obvious ratcheting deformation; i.e., the ratcheting strain accumulates progressively in the tensile direction during stress- controlled cyclic tests with non-zero mean stress. The ratcheting is highly dependent on the applied mean stress and stress am-plitude, and is also characterized by a strong time-dependency during the cyclic stressing at diverse stress rates and with different peak stress holding times. The time-dependent ratcheting of the PEI polymer is caused mainly by its remarkable viscosity. A comparison of the ratcheting occurring before and beyond the ultimate stress point of the PEI polymer showed that the ratcheting beyond the ultimate stress point is more significant than that occurring before that point.     

基于特征值的零构件疲劳可靠性统计方法

在零构件疲劳失效的分布规律的基础上,对多种零构件疲劳强度可靠性实验数据进行统计分析,充分利用疲劳S-N曲线的对数线性关系,通过引入静态机械性能参数断裂真应力和疲劳循环基数两个特征值点,较好地实现了零构件制造工艺性能参数与疲劳特性结合,获得一种零构件疲劳可靠性工程评价方法。本文还报告了在连杆、转向节、混凝土道路小样零构件的疲劳强度可靠性评估工作中的试验、统计、应用情况。本文方法具有简单、实用、易于推广的特点。     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of SiBCNAl ceramics produced by mechanical alloying and subsequent hot pressing

Amorphous SiBCNAl powders were prepared via a mechanical alloying (MA) technique using crystalline silicon (Si), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), graphite (C), and aluminum (Al) as starting materials. SiBCNAl powders were consolidated by a hot pressing (HP) technique at 1800 °C under a pressure of 30 MPa in argon and nitrogen. The sintering atmosphere had a great influence on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the ceramics. The two ceramics had different phase compositions and fracture surface morphologies. For the ceramics sintered in argon, flexural strength, fracture toughness, elastic modulus and Vickers hardness were 421.90 MPa, 3.40 MPa·m1/2, 174.10 GPa, and 12.74 GPa, respectively. For the ceramics sintered in nitrogen, the mechanical properties increased, except for the Vickers hardness, and the values of the above properties were 526.80 MPa, 5.25 MPa·m1/2, 222.10 GPa, and 11.63 GPa, respectively.     

J55油管的疲劳可靠性试验研究

针对机采油井油管经常发生疲劳断裂的问题,加工了J55油管疲劳试件,通过成组多级疲劳试验法,获得了J55油管高周疲劳分组试验数据。通过疲劳寿命的参数估计和疲劳寿命的分布类型检验,获得了J55油管在不同轴向应力水平下的疲劳寿命、分布规律和P-S-N曲线。结果显示,J55油管的疲劳寿命服从对数状态分布,其S-N曲线服从一般金属的疲劳S-N曲线形式。在疲劳寿命一定时,欲获得较高的可靠性,需大幅度降低油管的疲劳应力。     

Rate dependence of ultra high toughness cementitious composite under direct tension

Ultra high toughness cementitious composite (UHTCC) usually shows strain hardening and multiple cracking under static tension loads. In practice, structures could be exposed to high strain rates during an earthquake. Whether UHTCC can maintain its unique properties and provide high structural performance under seismic loading rates largely determines whether it can successfully fulfil its intended function. To determine the rate dependence of UHTCC, uniaxial tensile tests with strain rates ranging from 4×10^?6 s^?1 to 1×10^?1 s^?1 were conducted with thin plates. The experimental results showed that UHTCC had significant strain hardening and excellent multiple cracking properties under all the rates tested. The ultimate tensile strain lay in the range of 3.7% to 4.1% and was almost immune to the change in strain rates. The rate of 1×10^?3 s^?1 seemed to be a threshold for dynamic increase effects of the first crack tensile strength, elastic modulus, ultimate tensile strength, and energy absorption capability. When the strain rate was higher than the threshold, the dynamic increase effects became more pronounced. The energy absorption capability was much higher than that of concrete, and the average ultimate crack widths were controlled below 0.1 mm under all rates. Several fitting formulas were obtained based on the experimental results.     

汽车用高强度弹簧钢50CrV4的超高周疲劳性能的研究

该文用USF-2000超声疲劳实验机研究了50CrV4高强度弹簧钢的超高周疲劳性能,并用Quan-ta600扫描电子显微镜对疲劳断口形貌进行了观察。研究结果表明,所有的疲劳裂纹都是从内部或亚表面的夹杂物处萌生,能谱分析表明夹杂物的成分主要是钙铝的氧化物,并且测量的夹杂物的尺寸超过了临界夹杂的尺寸,因此在疲劳断口上并没有观察到夹杂物周围的光学暗区(ODA)。在109的循环周次内,50CrV4钢存在疲劳极限,其S-N曲线的形式为传统的疲劳极限型。     

Fatigue and fracture behavior of nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 up to the very high cycle regime

The fatigue and fracture behavior of nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 was investigated up to the very high cycle regime under rotary bending tests at room temperature. It was found that this superalloy can still fracture after exceeding 107 cycles. Fractographic analysis revealed that there was a transition from fatigue crack initiation at multi-sites to single initiation with decreasing stress levels. The fracture surface can be divided into four areas according to the appearance, associated with fracture mechanics analysis of the corresponding stress intensity factors. The fracture mechanism dominant in each area was disclosed by scanning electron microscope examination and analyzed in comparison with those obtained from the crack growth tests. Subsequently, life prediction modeling was proposed by estimating the crack initiation and propagation stage respectively. It was found that Chan （2003）＇s model for initiation life and the Paris law for growth life can provide comparable predictions against the experimental life.     

蜂窝纸板疲劳性能的研究

本文对蜂窝纸板疲劳性能进行了尝试性的试验研究,得到了蜂窝纸板的S-N曲线,同时了解了频率对蜂窝纸板疲劳寿命的影响,从而对蜂窝纸板包装运输方案的设计提供一定的依据。     

Combined Cycle Fatigue Testing with Ultrasonic Frequency Component of S350 Steel Welded Joint

A combined cycle fatigue （CCF） testing system with ultrasonic frequency component was developed toevaluate the CCF properties of S350 steel welded joints in this study. The fatigue testing results indicated that the S-Ncurves of CCF did not have fatigue limit, which agreed with those of pure high frequency fatigue of welded joints. TheS-N curves showed that the CCF strength of welded joints dropped greatly with the increasing interaction between highand low frequency fatigue loading. An approximation design method of CCF was presented using amplitude envelopeas the stress range.     

TCS不锈钢典型焊接接头的疲劳性能研究

选取两种不同规格的玻璃纤维土工格栅,首先进行大量的静载强度试验,在此基础上,进行了不同应力水平下的恒幅疲劳试验,研究玻璃纤维土工格栅的P-S-N曲线、滞回曲线以及应变与循环次数的关系。结果表明:玻璃纤维土工格栅的应力-寿命关系可以用幂函数来拟合,其疲劳性能具有明显的脆性材料的特性,疲劳寿命较低;玻璃纤维土工格栅的应变-循环比特性曲线呈现出三阶段变化规律,第一阶段为循环的20%之前,应变增加较快,第二阶段为循环的20%~80%之间,应变变化平缓,第三阶段为循环的80%之后,应变剧增直至破坏。