违反共同注意义务属共同犯罪之研究

共同犯罪是刑法理论的重要部分,共同犯罪的本质是因果性和整体性。共同的过失犯罪按照是否存在共同注意义务可以分为违反共同注意义务犯罪和过失犯罪的同时犯,前者符合共同犯罪的本质,应当以共同犯罪的原则认定。共同注意义务来源于法律规定、先行行为等四个方面,法律地位平等的行为人在可以预见危害结果的前提下违反了共同注意义务应当按照"部分承担全部责任"的原则进行责任认定。     

论组织犯的中止

组织犯是共同犯罪人按分工分类的一种类型,是指在犯罪集团或者一般共同犯罪中起组织、领导、策划、指挥作用的人.组织犯中止的成立要件,因共同犯罪的形式和发展阶段的不同而有所不同.犯罪集团中的组织犯,在为建立犯罪集团进行谋划或者在组建犯罪集团的过程中,只要自动放弃谋划行为或者组建行为即可成立中止;在建立犯罪集团后、实行犯实施犯罪前,必须解散犯罪集团或向有关机关告发才能成立中止;在实行犯实施犯罪阶段,必须阻止集团成员继续实施犯罪或者防止犯罪结果发生才能成立中止.一般共同犯罪中的组织犯,除了自动放弃自己的组织行为外,还需阻止其他共犯继续实施犯罪或者防止犯罪结果发生,才能成立中止.     

关于承继共犯刑事责任的探析

共同犯罪的刑事责任承担在刑法分则中没有明确规定,需要结合总则关于共同犯罪的规定来进行处罚。承继共犯属于共犯的一种特殊现象,承继共同正犯中后行为人只承担基本犯罪的责任,对超过基本犯罪的重结果不承担责任。对于承继帮助犯的责任按照共犯的一般原则处理。在结合犯和连续犯中,承继共犯中的后行为人只承担加入之后行为的刑事责任。     

侵犯注册商标权犯罪罪数形态问题研究

侵犯注册商标权犯罪是一种侵犯他人的商标专用权及国家商标管理制度的犯罪,具有严重的社会危害性。在生产、销售伪劣商品过程中又假冒他人注册商标的行为属于想象竞合犯,应从一重处断。行为人明知某种商品属于伪劣商品,且明知该商品是假冒注册商标的商品,而仍予以销售,构成犯罪的,应认定为法条竞合犯,依据重法优于轻法的原则处断。行为人假冒注册商标后又销售该假冒注册商标的商品,以获取非法利润的,属于吸收犯的一种类型,应认定为假冒注册商标罪。行为人非法制造他人的注册商标标识,又在同一种商品上使用该非法制造的注册商标的标识的行为之间存在预备行为与实行行为的吸收关系,符合吸收犯的特征。     

论中止的真挚性及其立法化

中止的真挚性是行为人在犯罪过程中为防止犯罪结果发生所作的真挚努力。真挚性是中止犯成立的扩张要件,在中止行为与既遂结果未发生之间不具有因果关系时,它能补强中止犯的减免处罚根据。"足以防止犯罪结果发生"的真挚性程度标准对真挚性的成立要求过高。对"真挚性"的判断应坚持以一般人为基础的主观判断,以行为人是否"尽力"作为"真挚性"成立与否的标准。行为人尽一切可能地采取了防止犯罪结果发生的措施时,即便犯罪既遂结果未发生与中止行为之间不具有因果关系,也成立中止犯。我国应当在现行刑法典第24条第2款之后增加两款,对单独犯罪中止和共同犯罪中止的真挚性条件分别加以规定。     

危险犯犯罪中止之再探讨

我国犯罪中止处罚原则的立法缺陷,影响了司法实践中对危险犯犯罪中止的合理认定。判断危险犯的既、未遂应以“行为人追求的、行为性质所决定的犯罪结果的出现”为标准。危险犯和其对应的实害犯未必是基本犯和结果加重犯的关系,对于实行终了、发生了危险状态的危险犯能否成立犯罪中止,应当根据行为人在实施犯罪过程中所具有的意志因素来确定。     

片面实行犯肯定说之证成

片面实行犯是否成立共同犯罪,存在否定说与肯定说之争。如果将片面实行犯视为单独犯,则有违背罪责刑相适应原则之嫌。共同正犯的"部分行为全部责任"实质是"全部行为全部责任",对片面实行犯按该原则处罚并未违反责任主义原则。此外,采用何种共犯本质学说与是否承认片面实行犯并无必然关联。通过对我国《刑法》第二十五条第一款的教义学解读可以发现,片面实行犯符合我国关于共同犯罪的规定,并且在司法实践中已存在相关判决。因此,我国应采用片面实行犯肯定说。     

共同犯罪的停止形态

共同犯罪中存在着犯罪停止形态的问题,对于共犯人的犯罪形态应结合共同犯罪的理论和刑法总则中关于故意犯罪的停止形态的规定予以认定。本文重点探讨了共同犯罪中实行犯和非实行犯的犯罪未遂、以及犯罪中止的问题。     

论共同犯罪的犯罪中止的构成特征

共同犯罪的犯罪中止是犯罪中止形态的一种特殊形态,刑法理论界对共同犯罪的犯罪中止的构成特征众说纷纭。在共同犯罪中,各行为人的行为彼此联系,相互配合,但同时各行为人的行为在一定程度上彼此独立,不受制约,这就决定了较之单独犯罪,共同犯罪的犯罪中止的自动性和彻底性等主观特征在共同犯罪中并无太大出入,而时空性和有效性两个客观特征却存在较大差别。     

《刑法学》(1)综合练习

一、重点名词:刑法　刑法学　刑法基本原则　罪刑法定原则　罪责　刑相适应原则　刑法面前人人平等原则　刑法效力范围　刑法空间效力　属地原则　属人原则　刑法的溯及力　犯罪　犯罪构成　犯罪客体　同类客体　直接客体　一般客体　简单客体　复杂客体　犯罪客观方面　危害行为　意外事件　犯罪主体　刑事责任能力　犯罪主观方面　犯罪故意　犯罪过失　直接故意　间接故意　正当防卫　紧急避险　故意犯罪的停止形态　犯罪既遂　犯罪预备　犯罪未逐　犯罪中止　共同犯罪　主犯　从犯　胁从犯　教唆犯　继续犯　想象竞合犯　连续犯　牵连犯…     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

汉字倒说

汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Social and Cultural Influence on Word Meaning

Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language.     

钱生钱!

我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了     

Inequalities for inscribed simplexes

The problem on the geometrc inequalities involving an n-dimensional simplex and its inscribed simplex is studied. Aninequality is established, which reveals that the difference between the squared circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex andthe squared distance between its circumcenter and barycenter times the squared circumradius of its inscribed simplex is not lessthan the 2(n-1)th power of n times its squared inradius, and is equal to when the simplex is regular and its inscribed siplex is atangent point one. Deduction from this inequality reaches a generalization of n-dimensional Euler inequality indicating that thecircumradius of the simplex is not less than the n-fold inradius. Another inequality is derived to present the relationship betweenthe circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex and the circumradius and inradius of its pedal simplex.