Emissions of volatile organic compounds and carbonyl compounds from residential coal combustion in China

Emissions of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） and carbonyls from residential coal combustion of five coals with different maturities were studied in a simulated room.The coals were burned in form of honeycomb briquettes in a domestic coal stove,one of the most common fuel/stove combinations in China.Through a dilution system,VOCs and carbonyls samples were collected by canisters and silica-gel cartridges and analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrum （GC/MS） and high performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet （HPLC/UV）,respectively.The results show that the bituminous coals with medium volatile matter content produce the highest emissions while the anthracite yields the lowest.Among the identified carbonyls from the coal smoke,the aromatic compounds （benzaldehyde,2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde and p-tolualdehyde,m/o-tolualdehyde,benzene,m,p-xylene and trimethyl-benzene） were relatively abundant,which might be due to the molecular structure of the coal.For formaldehyde,aromatic carbonyls and aliphatic alkanes,their concentrations increase up to the maximum values and then decrease with increasing coal maturity.The total carbonyls and VOCs have the same tendency,which was observed for the emission factors of organic carbon （OC）,elemental carbon （EC）,particulate matter （PM） and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） detected in the series study.     

某城区挥发性有机物的臭氧生成潜势及源解析

基于福建省某市大气挥发性有机物的观测数据,分析其挥发性有机物的污染特征,研究臭氧(O3)生成潜势,采用正矩阵因子分解法(PMF)模型开展源解析。本次研究共检测出化合物115种,定量分析51种挥发性有机物,包括烷烃、烯烃以及芳香烃,其中烷烃和芳香烃含量最高,烯烃的O3生成潜势贡献最大(45%)。PMF模型源解析结果表明,挥发性有机物主要排放源包括机动车尾气排放、溶剂使用、植物源、生物质燃烧和工业过程,分别占比55.07%、9.37%、8.09%、12.01%和15.47%。