Operating characteristics of hyperbolically and elliptically constrained self-adaptive incremental newton—raphson algorithms

To improve the versatility, stability and efficiency of the Newton—Raphson technique, further extensions and formalisms are generated in the constrained family of algorithms. Specifically, this paper; (i) introduces the use of piecewise continuous constraint bounds and, (ii) extends the formal rigorous base of the constrained scheme by considering such items as convergence characteristics, the existence of safety zones and self-adaptive attributes. To benchmark the enhancements, the results of several numerical experiments involving large deformation elasticity problems are presented. These illustrate the inherent stability and efficiency of the constrained incremental scheme in handling problems with varying curvature definiteness.     

Extension of constrained incremental newton—raphson scheme to generalized loading fields

This paper develops numerical strategies which enable the constrained incremental Newton-Raphson scheme to handle the static response of structure to loading fields with completely generalized histories. This is made possible through the use of specially warped hyperelliptic constraint surfaces which control successive or clustered load steps in the vicinity of loading events with specific timing schedules. Such an approach enables improved convergence and stability characteristics. Due to the generality of the methodology, pre- and postbuckling behaviour caused by both kinematic and material nonlinearity can be handled. To demonstrate the scheme, the results of several bench-mark problems are also presented. These include situations involving nonlinear kinematics as well as highly history-dependent elastic-plastic and thermoelastic-plastic material behaviour.     

Application of numerical inverse Laplace transform algorithms in fractional calculus

Laplace transform technique has been considered as an efficient way in solving differential equations with integer-order. But for differential equations with non-integer order, the Laplace transform technique works effectively only for relatively simple equations, because of the difficulties of calculating inversion of Laplace transforms. Motivated by finding an easy way to numerically solve the complicated fractional-order differential equations, we investigate the validity of applying numerical inverse Laplace transform algorithms in fractional calculus. Three numerical inverse Laplace transform algorithms, named Invlap, Gavsteh and NILT, were tested using Laplace transforms of fractional-order equations. Based on the comparison between analytical results and numerical inverse Laplace transform algorithm results, the effectiveness and reliability of numerical inverse Laplace transform algorithms for fractional-order differential equations was confirmed.     

强化传热管特性三维数值模拟研究

横纹管、缩放管(包括急缩渐扩缩放管、急扩渐缩缩放管)是典型的强化传热管,本文利用Fluent软件,采用SIMPLE算法和标准k-ε湍流模型,通过求解三维N-S方程和能量方程分析研究了横纹管、急缩渐扩缩放管、急扩渐缩缩放管的流动努赛尔数Nu、阻力系数f及综合性能参数μ,并分别选取了雷诺数分别为20000、40000、60000时的Nu,f和μ进行了对比,分析了它们随雷诺数的变化情况。结果发现三种管的综合性能依次为横纹管、急缩渐扩缩放管、急扩渐缩缩放管。     

采用Norton模型对产品更新换代扩散趋势的研究——以中国互联网用户上网方式的更新换代为例

本文在Bass模型的基础上,详细介绍了产品更新换代扩散的Norton模型,并例举了通信产业的产品更新换代扩散的实例,中国互联网上网方式的更新换代的发展。模型参数的估算是影响模型准确性的一个重要方面,论文总结了前人的成果,采用遗传算法作为Norton模型的参数估计方法,并对中国互联网的上网方式,如拨号上网、ISDN(综合业务数字网)上网、宽带上网的扩散进行实证研究,模型得出另人满意的结果,并将结果与Bass模型进行了比较和讨论,得出结论,采用Norton模型研究产品更新换代扩散是一种更好的选择。最后,论文对中国移动通信网络发展提出展望。