省察“民主”:梁漱溟民主观评析

自西方民主理论传入中国以来,政界和知识界中相当部分的人把它当作救亡图存的良药,而民主实践却屡屡受挫。作为现代新儒学思想代表,梁漱溟将民主视为一种"精神倾向"。透过梁漱溟民主思想,足可洞见近代中国民主建设面临的知识困境、精神困境及现实困境。梁漱溟对民主的审慎态度也代表了当时一部分具有保守情结的知识分子对现代性与现代社会的冷静思考,儒家文明与现代民主之结合是一个双向互动的沟通过程。     

关于加强高校民主建设的实践与思考

高校是知识分子较为集中的地方。知识分子文化层次高，具有较强的参政议政能力。高校从贯彻落实《高等教育法》，维护广大教职工主人翁地位出发，应加强民主建设。应健全和完善教代会制度，规范教代会的运行机制；应积极隐妥地推进校务公开，调动广大教职工的积极性、主动性和创造性，从而推动学校各项事业的蓬勃发展。     

"民本"思想与儒家"民主"精神的历史演进

关于"民本"思想与"民主"思想的关系问题,学界历来众说纷纭,莫衷一是.我们认为,在中国的传统的儒家文化中,一方面,作为其精华所在的"民本"思想,是"民主"理念赖以存在的基础.另一方面,"民主"精神是"民本"思想的重要内容,"民主"是"民本"发展的必然归宿.     

邓小平的民主法制思想

民主法制思想是邓小平理论的重要组成部分 ,作为建设社会主义法治国家的指导思想和理论基础 ,是我们依法治国的有力保证。其形成和发展有着十分重要的意义     

Mathematics and science inequalities in the United Kingdom: when elitism,sexism and culture collide

An examination of gender, social class and ethnicity performance and participation patterns in different UK countries shows that inequities occur in relation to gender, class and ethnicity but that the patterns of inequity look quite different in the three domains. Achievement is equal for different genders but many more males take mathematics forward to advanced levels; social class differences persist in both achievement and participation; and ethnicity shows a varied pattern with some groups performing and participating at particularly high levels and some particularly low. This paper identifies some critical issues that we face in making mathematics and science equitable and begins to analyse some of the barriers that stand in the way of students who are female, and from some ethnic and social groups.     

论杜威民主主义教育思想的"现代性"--兼谈全球化背景下杜威民主主义教育思想的现实意义

论文将“现代”界定为整个20世纪的历史阶段，将“现代性”从表征上概括为：经济上，现代垄断资本主义取代自由资本主义成为占统治地位的经济体制；政治上，民主主义扩展成为一种社会生活方式而不仅仅是一种政府组织形式；文化上，社会哲学或生活哲学取代自然哲学或科学哲学的统治地位；教育上，国际主义教育崛起并打破国家主义或民族主义教育的局限。在立足于对“现代性”几个基本特征认识的基础上，论文采用文献法，从经济、政治、文化以及教育如何从传统向现代转型的角度出发，揭示杜威民主主义教育思想的“现代性”所在，并得出国际主义教育思想是杜威现代教育思想的核心与内涵的结论，目的在于阐明现代教育思想与传统教育思想的根本区别和现代教育思想在当前全球化背景下的积极意义。     

Meritocracy,elitism, and egalitarianism: a preliminary and provisional assessment of Singapore's primary education review

Meritocracy functions in Singapore as the key principle of governance and educational distribution. However, the concept of meritocracy itself contains a number of inherent contradictions, most evidently witnessed in the tension between its egalitarian and elitist strands. This tension is documented in the recommendations of Singapore's recent primary education review, already accepted by the Ministry of Education and to be implemented in the coming years. This article considers these recommendations against the backdrop of a tentative movement towards egalitarianism in educational distribution. Specifically, it provides a preliminary and provisional assessment of how far they would go towards providing for greater educational equity and, therefore, in recovering the ideology of meritocracy in the nation-state.     

浅析毛泽东的民主法制思想

毛泽东民主法制思想是毛泽东思想的重要组成部分.毛泽东在民主法制建设中有许多成功的经验,也有深刻的历史教训,在实施"依法治国"方略的今天,对毛泽东思想中的民主法制思想进行探索和思考,既具有重要的理论意义,也有深刻的现实意义.本文从法制原则、宪法思想、刑法思想三个方面对毛泽东的民主法制思想进行了简单的分析.     

加强乌鲁木齐市基层社区民主法治建设的思考

城市社区的民主法治建设是社会主义民主政治建设的重要组成部分,也是和谐社会建设的重要内容,文章通过分析和谐社区与民主法治之间的关系,介绍了乌鲁木齐城市和谐社区建设的基本概况,提出了加强乌鲁木齐城市社区民主法治建设的建议。     

Democracy and Education after September 11

Millions of words written in the wake of the horrific terror of September 11, 2001 appear to reinforce the feelings of despair at the current state of the world politics. Most analyses seem to offer little hope for the prospects of peace. Indeed, if the so-called 'war on terror' is designed to achieve peace then it is difficult to see how it could be won in any determinate sense, yet the popular media and others in the position of influence seem reluctant to explore alternatives to war. In this essay I argue that many of the current analyses of September 11 and discourses of national security are incapable of delivering the cosmopolitan resources of hope we need to have a better chance of securing peace. I maintain that these resources of hope will not be located in the austere and intrusive regimes of national security; rather, they are more likely to be found in the possibilities of transnational democracy and education.     

Valid knowledge: the economy and the academy

The future of Western universities as public institutions is the subject of extensive continuing debate, underpinned by the issue of what constitutes valid knowledge. Where in the past only propositional knowledge codified by academics was considered valid, in the new economy enabled by information and communications technology, the procedural knowledge of expertise has become a key commodity, and the acquisition of this expertise is increasingly seen as a priority by intending university students. Universities have traditionally proved adaptable to changing circumstances, but there is little evidence to date of their success in accommodating to the scale and unprecedented pace of change of the Knowledge Economy or to the new vocationally-oriented demands of their course clients. And in addition to these external factors, internal ones are now at work. Recent developments in eLearning have enabled the infiltration of commercial providers who are cherry-picking the most lucrative subject areas. The prospect is of a fracturing higher education system, with the less adaptable universities consigned to a shrinking public-funded sector supporting less vocationally saleable courses, and the more enterprising universities developing commercial partnerships in eLearning and knowledge transfer. This paper analyses pressures upon universities, their attempts to adapt to changing circumstances, and the institutional transformations which may result. It is concluded that a diversity of partnerships will emerge for the capture and transfer of knowledge, combining expertise from the economy with the conceptual frameworks of the academy.     

The elitism dispositif: hierarchization,discourses of excellence and organizational change in European economics

From the 1990s onwards, economics departments in Europe have changed toward a culture of “excellence.” Strong academic hierarchies and new forms of academic organization replace “institutes” and “colleges” by fully equipped “economics departments.” This article seeks to demonstrate how and why hierarchization, discourses of excellence and organizational change takes place in European economics departments. The concept of “elitism dispositif” will be developed in order to understand these changes as a discursive as well as power-related phenomenon based on rankings, on the formation of new academic classes as well as on the construction of an elite myth. An elitism dispositif is defined as a discursive power apparatus that transforms symbolic differences among researchers, constructed by rankings, into material inequalities, based on an unequal distribution of academic capital between departments and researchers. Based on an empirical study, the article will focus on a selection of economics departments in Germany and in the UK, in order to study the emergence of an “elite class” as well as the functioning of an “excellence culture” that is based on discourses of power and inequality.     

Special Issue: Leaving the academy

Abstract

The nature of science is not commonly considered in undergraduate curricula. Why not? To examine such issues requires an examination of one's own beliefs in both what science is and how it should be pursued. Such uncomfortable questions can be seen as hard in that they lack consensus answers. They are also perceived as peripheral to scientific research and therefore will tend to be avoided in a research orientated environment.     

Shifting occupational identity: doing,being, becoming and belonging in the academy

Becoming more scholarly can be challenging for many in the academy, including for those transitioning from professional roles. This paper presents the initial findings of an ongoing action research project that set out to explore and develop aspects of identity among a group of Australian occupational therapy academics. Thirteen participants committed to collaboratively address a personal desire to become more scholarly and an institutional demand to be more productive in relation to research and publication. Through this first phase of an action research process, participants explored and qualitatively defined issues impacting on their occupation. Emergent themes that were explored using an occupational lens incorporating: doing, being, becoming and belonging, highlight identity confusion and regression, mixed perceptions about the comfort and camouflage of teaching and participants' desires to become and be more scholarly. Taking an occupational lens adds to the identity conversation, illuminating how doing within a supportive group nurtures belonging, being and becoming. Our findings, of relevance to academics following non-traditional pathways into the academy, suggest optimism around using action research for the active cultivation of scholarship and occupational theory to understand how academic identity may be developed within a supportive group.     

主权民主论——俄罗斯的民主观与民主路

"主权民主论"反映了俄罗斯政界和理论界对当今政治发展道路的最新探索.既是对西方推行民主、发动"颜色革命"的回应,同时也是表明要与戈尔巴乔夫时期的"西化、民主化"和叶利钦时期的"寡头式的自由"划清界限.主权民主的思想体现了当今俄罗斯社会的政治共识.     

Education,Democracy and the Economy

This paper provides a critique of neo‐liberal political economy of education. It is argued that neo‐liberal ideology trades off democracy against ‘economic efficiency’. However, the consequence of the application of neo‐liberal principles to education is that overall standards of education are likely to decline, thereby creating the conditions for a low skilled, low morale workforce. It is suggested that this outcome is consistent with the Neo‐liberal creation of a low wage low technology economy. On the basis of the critique, an alternative education system concerned with meeting the aims of an education for a democratic, economically sophisticated, society is sketched.