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This paper shows how the variance and standard deviation can be represented graphically by looking at each squared deviation as a graphical object – in particular, as a square. A series of displays show how the standard deviation is the size of the average square.  相似文献   

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This article illustrates using carbon emissions data in an introductory statistics assignment. The carbon emissions data has desirable characteristics including: choice of measure; skewness; and outliers. These complexities allow research and public policy debate to be introduced.  相似文献   

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To combat students' fear of statistics I employ my students at a fictional company, Stats Dairy, run by cows. Almost all examples used in the class notes, exercises, humour and exams use data ‘collected’ from this company.  相似文献   

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This article offers, with accompanying rationale, simple data sets that produce distinct values of certain basic summary statistics.  相似文献   

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A bag of 24 packets of a well‐known brand of crisps provides a handy visual (and edible) aid to looking at the syllabus of a basic course in statistics.  相似文献   

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Because the disciplines of mathematics and statistics are naturally intertwined, designing assessment questions that disentangle mathematical and statistical reasoning can be challenging. We explore the writing statistics assessment tasks that take into consideration potential mathematical reasoning they may inadvertently activate.  相似文献   

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Although Chi-square analysis of contingency tables is almost always taught in introductory courses students often show little understanding. The authors here introduce a method to remedy this.  相似文献   

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The principle of unbiased estimation is very attractive to students of introductory statistics courses. Unfortunately, there exist problems in which all unbiased estimators will sometimes provide ridiculous estimates of the parameter of interest. In this paper we present an excellent example of this shortcoming.  相似文献   

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Trading cards for various sports and a range of other subjects such as architecture, animals, hobbies, and war have been in existence since the late nineteenth century and still enjoy great popularity. Two of the most prominent examples are baseball cards in the U.S. and football cards in Europe. Three strategies for collecting European football trading cards were investigated for two different groups: either a single collector or two collectors joining forces. An activity is proposed in which students use a simulation to compute the factor by which the number of trading cards bought exceeds the number to be collected. This enables them to estimate the expected costs of completing a collection of trading cards. The overall expected costs vary considerably, depending on the strategy used. Savings for a team of two collectors as opposed to a single collector are indicated.  相似文献   

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高等数学是高校理工科的一门重要基础课程之一。对它学得好坏直接影响后继课程的学习。另一方面,高等数学内容多,涉及面广,分配课时相当有限,教师要在规定课时中讲完高等数学的所有内容就得对现有的教学模式与教学方法进行改革。本文针对目前高等数学教学中存在的问题,提出了几点改革措施,供同行们参考。  相似文献   

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Concept maps are tools for organizing thoughts on the main ideas in a course. I present an example of a concept map that was created through the work of students in an introductory class and discuss major topics in statistics and relationships among them.  相似文献   

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This article describes a fun activity that can be used to help students make links between statistical analyses and their real-world implications. Although an illustrative example is provided using analysis of variance, the activity may be adapted for use with other statistical techniques.  相似文献   

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In this article, we define the inversion vector of a permutation of the integers 1, 2, . . . , n. We set up a particular kind of permutation, called a partial random permutation. The sum of the elements of the inversion vector of such a permutation is a random variable of interest.  相似文献   

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In this article we derive the distribution, mean and variance of the number of cycles in a randomly selected permutation of the first n integers.  相似文献   

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In this paper, we investigate an interesting question that came up when reading a problem in a school textbook: What happens to the variance of a dataset in the case of changing one single data point, and why? Some of the answers are not surprising but here we find the full answer and demonstrate the understanding of it suitable for school students.  相似文献   

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