全球化与国家科技安全

全球化是国家科技安全兴起的重要时代动因，正是在全球化的深入推进中，科技安全作为国家战略的重大命题日益突出。同时，全球化背景下国家科技安全面临着一系列不可忽视的严峻挑战。对我国这样一个发展中的社会主义国家而言，国家科技安全关系到民族的兴衰荣辱和国家的前途命运，面对全球化对国家科技安全产生的重大挑战，需要我们具有新的战略部署和政策应对。     

经济全球化背景下的安全战略

本文通过经济全球化背景下的安全战略背景分析，探究美国经济理论是怎样通过瓦解经济来渗透对我国安全施加影响，论述经济全球化背景下工作面临的最终大的挑战是维护国家安全，为制定面向21世纪的可持续安全发展战略提供前瞻性理论依据，从而规避风险。     

经济全球化下如何维护党的执政安全

经济全球化对中国共产党执政安全产生深刻影响,使中国经济、政治、科技、文化、军事等方面的安全以及非传统安全问题在内容和形式上均有重大变化。为了在经济全球化背景下巩固执政安全,保持国家稳定发展,中国共产党应相应地调整战略和策略。     

中国安全文化建设的世纪思考

安全文化在安全生产、生活，在职业卫生环境保护，在综合减灾防灾等方面，正被社会和公众逐步了解和重视，对保护人民人安全与健康，保障社会稳定，发挥着十分重要的作用。近十年来，中国安全文化建设已取得可喜的成绩，特别是企业安全文化、大众安全文化、减灾防灾预防文化的传播、实践和发展，已进入一个新阶段。安全文化建设得到国家领导人及有关政府部门的关注和支持，已成为国民经济可持续发展战略的重要组成部分。本文试从安全文化的历史源流开始，概括介绍中国安全文化的理论与实践，着重从战略高度为２１世纪安全少灾的战略提供科学思考。     

全球化对国家安全的影响与我国的对策

本文探讨了国家安全概念的演变以及全球化对国家安全的构成要素的影响 ,重点剖析了全球化背景下信息安全的地位和作用的明显提高 ,论述了全球化对军事安全带来的复杂影响 ,以典型案例说明全球化使国家政治和国际政治的界限趋于模糊 ,并简要论述了全球化对国家安全其它因素的影响。结合对中国国家安全影响的分析 ,最后提出了应对全球化的战略思考     

论经济全球化对中国发展高新技术产业的挑战

正确认识经济全球化对中国发展高新技术产业的挑战，是我们在经济全球化背景下趋利避害，有针对性地制定正确的高新技术产业发展战略的重要前提，针对以下三个方面，探讨了经济全球化对中国高新技术产业发展形成的严唆挑战。第一，在世界产业结构总布局中，中国高新技术产业处于低层次水平，产业结构的升级换代面临严峻困境，第二，中国高新技术产业的发展现状和发达国家相比存在相当大的差距，国际竞争力急待提高，第三，加入WTO，使中国高新技术产业参与国际竞争，并接受全球范围内高科技成果的挑战。     

谈发展文化生产力的重要性

随着世界经济的一体化、全球化，高新科学技术特别是信息与媒体技术的发展，使人们对文化的发展投以极大的关注，越来越多的国家和民族认识到文化对于当代社会经济生活的巨大影响和作用。本文针对现代文化的发展面临的挑战来谈文化生产力对社会经济发展的重要性。     

全球化时代科技安全和我国面临的挑战

全球化在推动国家安全内涵拓展的同时,亦催生了科技安全的兴起,并且在国家安全的构成中科技安全的作用呈现出越来越突出的趋势。国家科技安全即国家安全的科技化,包含了以科技系统为目的和以科技为手段的综合安全态势。在全球化背景下,我国科技安全面临着一系列重大的挑战,因此必须从战略高度思考积极的应对之策,强化我国的科技安全,为我国国家安全提供稳固的支撑和有效的保障。     

国家经济安全与知识产权危机预警和管理机制的构建

全球化背景下，知识产权保护和知识产权战略正得到各国政界、企业界前所未有的高度重视和运用，成为与国家、企业整体发展战略息息相关的问题。论文分析了知识产权保护对我国经济安全的影响，在对比美国和日本在新的知识经济时代对国家知识产权战略的调整和发展趋势基础上，提出建立中国知识产权危机预警和管理机制的初步设想。     

关于加强中国科学技术国际战略的思考

科学技术的国际活动,不仅对于促进科学技术发展起着重要作用,而且对国家的经济、社会、安全和外交等方面也有着重要的作用。面对全球化的发展,世界各主要发达国家纷纷出台了科学技术国际活动的战略。中国缺乏一个全面的科学技术国际战略,为了国家的长远发展和在世界事务中发挥更大的作用．应该加强科学技术的国际战略。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.