高铭鼎同志在天津体院科技工作会议闭幕式上的讲话(摘要)

我院科技工作会议,传达了国家体委科技工作会议精神,端正了开展体育科技工作的指导思想;总结了过去十年的工作;肯定了成绩,看到了差距;讨论了“八五”规划,明确了今后的任务;讨论了课题管理、成果管理和工作量补贴办法,明确了科研工作的程序和规范。特别是国家体委、天津市体委和高教局的同志,论述了体育科研的重大作用,肯定了我们前十年的科研工作,提出了希望和要求,给了我们很大     

环境工程专业《环境化学》课程教学改革探索

本文结合环境工程专业特点和发展需要,构建了新的环境化学课程教学体系,改革了教学方式,建立了有效考核机制,赢得了学生的学习兴趣,夯实了基础知识,强了化科研思想,培养了创新能力。     

浅谈高校武术文化

武术运动满足了高校师生对中国优秀传统文化学习和了解的要求,使学生增强了体质,陶冶了情操,磨炼了意志,培养了民族自尊心、自信心,树立了正确的学习观念,并丰富了校园的文化生活。     

乒乓球带来了什么？

奥运会给我们带来了什么？ 车少了,天蓝了,体育设施多了,金牌数第一了。 然而,这不是全部。     

休斯敦火箭 小鬼当家

麦迪歇了,阿尔斯通说拜拜了,偶尔姚明也会累了,火箭就没戏了?谁说的!反正也进季后赛了,反正也没过过第一轮了;布鲁克斯爱投就投吧,兰德里想扣就扣他,斯科拉就假摔了!都说     

《钓鱼》杂志读者大聚会——2004年，让我们游钓天下!

树绿了，天蓝了，水青了，人笑了，鱼儿也苏醒了。此时。正是我们钓鱼迷扬竿垂钓的好时节。     

奥运会与北京市民幸福指数分析

运用文献资料等方法,对人文奥运提升北京市民幸福指数进行研究.结果表明:人文奥运拓展了市民参与奥运的文化价值,提升了市民的成就感;人文奥运开创了体育产业新的发展空间,提升了市民的满足感;人文奥运凸现了赛场人文奥运形象,提升了市民的自豪感;人文奥运扩展了城市公共休憩空间,提升了市民的愉悦感.     

浅议小学生语文素养的培养

现代信息技术,改变了人们固有的思维习惯和生活方式,也给语文教学改革带来了勃勃的生机。现代信息技术的介入给语文课堂教学注入了新的活力,优化了课堂教学结构,活跃了课堂气氛,激发了学生的学习兴趣,对提高教学效率起到了一定的作用。     

钓鱼空间

狗年伊始，好事连台。 农民不用交税了，北京人可以放炮了，一个人可以办公司了，电动自行车可以在北京市上路了，小排量的汽车虽然长得不气派也马上可以在长安街跑了……有关老百姓切身利益的限制越来越少了，我们普通人的生活空间越来越大了。     

水中刀问答

朋友们在新的一年里多少都会有些变化吧，无论是个子长高了，模样变漂亮了，学习成绩进步了，身体素质提高了，篮球水平升级了，父母给买新衣服了还是别的什么好事情，总之，心情老high了吧！“水中刀”栏目组恭喜大家！     

论“体教结合”和“教体结合”的同化与异化

从“体教结合”和“教体结合”概念分析入手,阐述了“体教结合”和“教体结合”两种培养竞技体育人才模式的现状及发展情况。从概念的范畴、内容的指向性、发展目标、培养的思路、培养的理念等五方面探讨了“体教结合”和“教体结合”两种培养模式的趋同性;从所处地位、培养对象、培养形式、结合模式、学训方式,以及资源配置等方面探讨了二者之间存在的差异性。认为区分二者的异同点,将有助于我们进行理性的思考,科学的决策,不断促进我国体育事业的可持续发展。     

科学技术与体育发展

本文论述了社会科学知识对体育发展的指导作用和自然科学技术对体育发展的推动作用。实践也证明 :“体育振兴要依靠科学技术进步 ,体育科学技术要面向体育运动的发展”是发展我国体育事业的方针。     

体育仪器器材研制工作的特点和方法

体育科研和训练用仪器器材的研制工作,有其自身的特点和规律。必须实行理论研究与应用研究;训练器材与训练理论和方法;训练、测试与诊断、评定;工程技术知识与体育科学知识;工程技术人员与教练员、运动员的结合。     

普通高校田径教学模式研究

采取问卷调查、专家访谈、文献资料等研究方法,对普通高校田径课教学现状进行调查发现,田径课教学正面临巨大的困境。造成的主要原因是：教学内容陈旧,缺乏趣味性;教学方法单一,缺乏创新;组织形式呆板枯燥,使学生产生厌学情绪。考试评价体系标准规则化,定量化,使学生对掌握田径运动的实用性、健身性产生怀疑。思想认识与资源开发不足,使田径课教学失去有力保证。     

Fluid and electrolyte needs for preparation and recovery from training and competition

For a person undertaking regular exercise, any fluid deficit that is incurred during one exercise session can potentially compromise the next exercise session if adequate fluid replacement does not occur. Fluid replacement after exercise can, therefore, frequently be thought of as hydration before the next exercise bout. The importance of ensuring euhydration before exercise and the potential benefits of temporary hyperhydration with sodium salts or glycerol solutions are also important issues. Post-exercise restoration of fluid balance after sweat-induced dehydration avoids the detrimental effects of a body water deficit on physiological function and subsequent exercise performance. For effective restoration of fluid balance, the consumption of a volume of fluid in excess of the sweat loss and replacement of electrolyte, particularly sodium, losses are essential. Intravenous fluid replacement after exercise has been investigated to a lesser extent and its role for fluid replacement in the dehydrated but otherwise well athlete remains equivocal.     

Fluid and electrolyte needs for preparation and recovery from training and competition

For a person undertaking regular exercise, any fluid deficit that is incurred during one exercise session can potentially compromise the next exercise session if adequate fluid replacement does not occur. Fluid replacement after exercise can, therefore, frequently be thought of as hydration before the next exercise bout. The importance of ensuring euhydration before exercise and the potential benefits of temporary hyperhydration with sodium salts or glycerol solutions are also important issues. Post-exercise restoration of fluid balance after sweat-induced dehydration avoids the detrimental effects of a body water deficit on physiological function and subsequent exercise performance. For effective restoration of fluid balance, the consumption of a volume of fluid in excess of the sweat loss and replacement of electrolyte, particularly sodium, losses are essential. Intravenous fluid replacement after exercise has been investigated to a lesser extent and its role for fluid replacement in the dehydrated but otherwise well athlete remains equivocal.     

Carbohydrates and fat for training and recovery

An important goal of the athlete's everyday diet is to provide the muscle with substrates to fuel the training programme that will achieve optimal adaptation for performance enhancements. In reviewing the scientific literature on post-exercise glycogen storage since 1991, the following guidelines for the training diet are proposed. Athletes should aim to achieve carbohydrate intakes to meet the fuel requirements of their training programme and to optimize restoration of muscle glycogen stores between workouts. General recommendations can be provided, preferably in terms of grams of carbohydrate per kilogram of the athlete's body mass, but should be fine-tuned with individual consideration of total energy needs, specific training needs and feedback from training performance. It is valuable to choose nutrient-rich carbohydrate foods and to add other foods to recovery meals and snacks to provide a good source of protein and other nutrients. These nutrients may assist in other recovery processes and, in the case of protein, may promote additional glycogen recovery when carbohydrate intake is suboptimal or when frequent snacking is not possible. When the period between exercise sessions is < 8 h, the athlete should begin carbohydrate intake as soon as practical after the first workout to maximize the effective recovery time between sessions. There may be some advantages in meeting carbohydrate intake targets as a series of snacks during the early recovery phase, but during longer recovery periods (24 h) the athlete should organize the pattern and timing of carbohydrate-rich meals and snacks according to what is practical and comfortable for their individual situation. Carbohydrate-rich foods with a moderate to high glycaemic index provide a readily available source of carbohydrate for muscle glycogen synthesis, and should be the major carbohydrate choices in recovery meals. Although there is new interest in the recovery of intramuscular triglyceride stores between training sessions, there is no evidence that diets which are high in fat and restricted in carbohydrate enhance training.     

Carbohydrates and fat for training and recovery

An important goal of the athlete's everyday diet is to provide the muscle with substrates to fuel the training programme that will achieve optimal adaptation for performance enhancements. In reviewing the scientific literature on post-exercise glycogen storage since 1991, the following guidelines for the training diet are proposed. Athletes should aim to achieve carbohydrate intakes to meet the fuel requirements of their training programme and to optimize restoration of muscle glycogen stores between workouts. General recommendations can be provided, preferably in terms of grams of carbohydrate per kilogram of the athlete's body mass, but should be fine-tuned with individual consideration of total energy needs, specific training needs and feedback from training performance. It is valuable to choose nutrient-rich carbohydrate foods and to add other foods to recovery meals and snacks to provide a good source of protein and other nutrients. These nutrients may assist in other recovery processes and, in the case of protein, may promote additional glycogen recovery when carbohydrate intake is suboptimal or when frequent snacking is not possible. When the period between exercise sessions is <8?h, the athlete should begin carbohydrate intake as soon as practical after the first workout to maximize the effective recovery time between sessions. There may be some advantages in meeting carbohydrate intake targets as a series of snacks during the early recovery phase, but during longer recovery periods (24?h) the athlete should organize the pattern and timing of carbohydrate-rich meals and snacks according to what is practical and comfortable for their individual situation. Carbohydrate-rich foods with a moderate to high glycaemic index provide a readily available source of carbohydrate for muscle glycogen synthesis, and should be the major carbohydrate choices in recovery meals. Although there is new interest in the recovery of intramuscular triglyceride stores between training sessions, there is no evidence that diets which are high in fat and restricted in carbohydrate enhance training.     

"方术"与"武术"

文章从"方术"和"武术"的概念起源出发,对其内容进行比较分析,发现两者之间存在一定相关。"方术"的方技和数术与"武术"都有相关。"武术"继承和吸收了"方术"的部分内容,其主要表现在方技的医经和神仙,数术的五行和形法。文章对其相关的部分内容进行了初步探讨。     

个性与体育运动的研究和发展

运动个性特征研究是运动心理学研究比较成熟的领域。在长达几十年的研究与探索过程中,研究投入了大量的人力和物力,得出了一系列建设性的结论。本文在浏览了大量当代运动个性研究文献之后,综述了这一领域的研究成果,探讨了研究中的不足和未来的可能发展,从而对我国的同类相关研究提供某些方向性认识。