基于像素小基团增强的网络课件图像清晰化算法

网络视频图像的双距离较远,环境复杂,很难保证压缩还原后的图像质量,使得图像包含大量的随机多维噪声,噪声特征属性呈现多元性,导致传递图像失真。为此,提出了一种基于像素小基团增强的网络课件图像清晰化算法。利用离散小波变换算法对图像进行去噪处理,去除外界因素对图像造成的干扰。利用像素基团能量的观点对图像进行增强处理,保证传递的动态图像的清晰化。实验结果表明,这种算法提高了远程网络视频教育动态图像的清晰度。     

基于多权值相似均衡的运动图像循环定位算法

为有效对运动图像的目标特征进行较好定位与跟踪,提出了一种基于多权值相似均衡的运动图像循环定位跟踪算法。该算法首先利用颜色与纹理构建运动图像的空间特征分布跟踪模型,通过特征聚类对运动图像自动划分目标空间,然后根据目标模型的相似函数计算多个特征权值对目标模型进行选择性均衡,并结合特征权值自适应迭代定位跟踪信息,以最大程度地对运动图像的细节特征进行定位跟踪。实验结果表明,该算法优于传统的定位跟踪方法,尤其在跟踪目标受到外界干扰时能够得到比较理想的跟踪效果。     

基于单帧视频序列多目标约束的三维重建技术

在视频图像序列中,假设目标的数量较多,会形成较大的干扰,利用传统算法对目标进行三维重建,会出现目标像素混合、特征丢失的问题,造成传统算法不能得到很好的约束效果,三维重建真实性较差,从而导致多目标三维重建失真.为了解决这一问题,本文提出了一种基于多目标约束立体视觉算法的抗干扰三维物体重建方法.提取视频序列不同图像中的目标特征点,加入形变约束分析方法,准确计算建模物体的形变,抵抗特征丢失带来的干扰,再利用立体视觉技术进行多目标三维重建.实验结果表明,这种算法能够有效提高多目标三维重建的真实性,取得了令人满意的效果.     

基于云计算的海量人脸特征图像大规模对比技术

生物特征识别过程中的人脸识别,人脸数量的巨大,限制了这项技术的应用性.本文提出了一种基于云计算的大规模人脸特征图像匹配技术,运用广域云计算网络模型,对图像中存在的人脸特征信息进行有效地提取.在云计算的相关对比算法中,运用改进的ASM匹配模型进行人脸特征的提取与匹配.保证特征的进度,运用云计算强大的运算能力,完成海量图像的人脸图像匹配,克服了传统算法的弊端.实验证明,这种算法能够避免由于人脸的图像数量过大,造成的图像匹配耗时的缺陷,大幅提高了相关算法的应用性.     

图像加密隐藏信息识别技术研究

研究加密图像隐藏信息准确识别技术.在图像中,如果加密信息隐藏在图片的噪声中,噪声信号和隐藏信息敏感信号混合在一起,将造成隐藏信息的敏感信号图谱特征发生形变.传统算法多是通过采集图像中的敏感信息图谱特征完成检测的,噪声信号和隐藏信息混合在一起,造成隐藏信息图谱可识别特征发生突变,导致识别准确率下降.提出一种逆向隐藏变换算法的图像隐藏信息识别技术,对图像进行置乱处理,运用干扰清除技术完成识别.实验证明,这种算法能够避免由于噪声信号和隐藏信号混合造成的隐藏信息特征发生形变的缺陷,保证了图像隐藏信息识别的准确率.     

基于角点检测的地理特征遥感识别系统

在不同光照和旋转角度下进行地理特征遥感识别是测绘领域的难点,为了实现对地理地形的准确测绘,需要进行地理特征遥感识别优化设计。传统方法中,采用遥感图像边缘特征检测算法,当遥感图像出现旋转角度时,识别性能不好。针对这一问题,提出一种角点检测的地理特征遥感识别算法,并进行系统设计与实现,系统通过图像传感模块采集遥感图像,经过角点特征处理器提取图像特征。在不同光照和旋转角度,采用单尺度Harris角点检测算法对图像进行检测并提取角点,得到地理遥感特征数据采集的角点模型,基于角点检测,进行遥感识别算法改进和系统实现。实验结果表明,采用该算法和系统,地理特征遥感识别准确率高,耗时较少,提高对地理特征遥感识别性能。为实现对地理地形的准确测绘提供依据。     

基于Morlet小波Canny边缘检测的遥感视觉提取

传统的Canny边缘检测方法提取遥感图像边缘视觉特征在设定不变矩阈值采用经验模式,导致视觉提取分辨率不好,特征提取不准。提出采用Morlet小波变换对遥感图像边缘特征进行不变矩阈值函数构建,提出一种基于Morlet小波Canny边缘检测算法的遥感图像视觉特征提取。将图像数据经过Canny边缘检测和标记分水岭分割,实现遥感图像视觉提取。仿真实验表明,该方法在遥感图像视觉特征提取上比传统的Canny边缘检测方法效果明显,提取正确率最高可以达到94.20%,算法将在远距离遥感目标识别和监测等领域具有很好的应用价值。     

基于多特征的江苏海域赤潮遥感提取算法

针对单一的赤潮特征提取算法在对赤潮遥感图像进行特征提取时还存在准确性不高等问题,本文提出了一种基于多特征的赤潮遥感提取算法,首先对加权平均方法进行改进,提出了自适应加权平均算法,对遥感图像的叶绿素浓度特征进行提取,然后采用偏差系数对水体固有光学模型进行参数优化,对遥感图像的光谱特征进行提取。实例仿真试验结果表明,本文提出的基于多特征的赤潮遥感提取算法相比较单一的光谱特征提取算法,具有较高的赤潮特征提取准确性和稳定性。     

遥感图像中微小红外目标的分类定位识别

遥感图像中存在大量微小红外目标,对其准确的分类和定位识别是实现远程目标识别和遥感测量的基础。目前对该类红外小目标的识别方法采用单层正方形网格生成方法,对随机标定的红外目标点的识别效果不好。提出一种基于Harris角点检测的遥感图像中微小红外目标的分类定位识别算法。构建遥感图像的红外目标数据采集模型,对图像进行角点特征提取预处理,采用Harris角点检测算法实现对红外目标微小特征点的信息标定,实现对其准确分类定位。仿真实验表明,采用该算法进行微小红外目标的分类定位识别,具有较高的准确性,对红外目标的特征提取和定位识别效果较好,在远程目标探测和遥感监测等领域具有较高的应用价值。     

深山旅游失踪者计算机视觉远程定位方法研究

在深山旅游探险中由于地理状况复杂,灌木密集,浓雾迷绕,对深山旅游失踪人群进行准确定位困难较大。传统方法中使用远程遥感技术对失踪者进行定位,在深山浓雾笼罩等恶劣天气下,定位效果较差。提出一种基于大气激光通信的远程遥感计算机视觉定位方法,利用空地大气激光通信特征,使用小波边缘检测算法对遥感视觉图像进行特征提取,实现对深山旅游失踪者的定位标记。仿真实验表明,采用该方法进行深山人体目标定位,能有效提取人体目标遥感视觉特征,定位准确,为深山搜索救援提供了很好的理论基础。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1

The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese