基于小波变换和稀疏表示的人脸识别方法研究

在传统的基于小波变换的人脸识别方法的基础上,加入稀疏表示的方法对人脸识别进行研究,进一步提高人脸识别率。小波变换把人脸图像分解为一幅低频人脸图像和三幅高频人脸图像,低频人脸图像代表人脸图像的全局(整体)信息,高频人脸图像代表人脸图像的纹理和边缘等细节信息。低频人脸图像在人脸识别中起到关键性作用,用正交投影的方法对低频人脸图进行识别得到的低频人脸图像分类隶属度。高频人脸图像在人脸识别中同样存在不可忽略的作用,用基于领域能量的方法把三幅高频人脸图像融合为一幅高频融合人脸图像,然后用稀疏表示的方法对融合图像进行识别得到高频人脸图像分类隶属度。最后把高、低频分类隶属度融合确定人脸图像所属类别,与传统人脸识别方法相比,进一步提高了人脸识别率。     

融合局部奇异值特性的人脸自动识别

针对仅在整幅人脸图像上进行奇异值分解无法得到人脸识别所需的足够信息的问题,提出了一种利用人脸图像的局部奇异值和灰色关联分析进行人脸识别的方法。该方法的关键是不在整幅人脸图像上进行,而是在人脸的不同区域进行奇异值分解以提取更丰富的信息和克服＂小样本＂效应。在识别阶段,对待识别人脸的特征向量,计算其对各人脸样本的隶属度,最后做出判断。该方法与传统方法在ORL人脸库上进行的对比实验结果,表明了该方法的优越性。     

一种鲁棒性强的光照人脸预处理算法

为解决变光照下人脸识别率低问题,提出一种鲁棒性强的光照人脸处理算法(ISSR)。首先对亮度图像进行粗估计,然后通过非线性运算在反射图像中对粗估计的亮度图像进行补偿,最后采用支持向量机建立人脸识别分类器,并采用Yale、CMU-PIE和AR人脸库进行仿真测试。结果表明,相对于其它光照处理算法,ISSR算法增强了人脸图像的质量,提高不同光照条件下的人脸图像识别正确率,鲁棒性更强。     

基于灰色理论和局部奇异值的人脸识别方法

提出了一种利用人脸图像的局部奇异值和灰色关联分析进行人脸识别的方法。该方法的关键是不在整幅人脸图像上进行,而是在人脸的不同区域进行奇异值分解以提取更丰富的信息和克服"小样本"效应。     

基于LDP的人脸识别算法设计与实现

人脸识别在身份验证领域得到了越来越多的应用。本文设计了一种基于LDP特征的人脸识别方案,首先将人脸图像与8个方向的Kirsch模板作卷积,对卷积结果进行二进制编码,得到LDP编码图像,并对编码图像分块提取直方图构建特征向量,采用最近邻分类器和卡方距离,在ORL标准人脸库上进行实验,实验结果表明,选择合适的参数,本文的算法在ORL标准人脸库上的识别准确率最高可达97.85%。     

基于佩戴眼镜人脸图像识别方法研究与仿真

研究基于图像的人脸准确识别问题.人在佩戴眼镜的情况下,脸部受到眼镜遮挡,造成无法提取眼部区域特征,人脸主要特征丢失,造成识别准确率下降.为了避免上述缺陷,提出了少量特征相关性计算的人脸识别方法.对提取的人脸图像少量的特征参数进行非线性变换处理,获取特征向量权值系数.利用小波变换方式计算人脸特征相关性系数,通过少量特征相关性进行人脸识别.实验证明,这种眼部特征图像人脸识别方法提高了佩戴眼镜情况下,人脸识别的准确率,取得了满意的效果.     

基于视频图像的人脸检测

视频图像的人脸识别技术发展,促进了数字视频监控等系统的广泛应用。本文对基于特征、模板、统计理论等视频图像的人脸检测基本方法进行了介绍,对人脸检测系统的图像采集、图像处理、特征定位、人脸识别处理等设计进行了阐述,对人脸检测方法的改进进行了尝试。     

人脸识别中图像预处理方法的研究

文章针对人脸识别中图像预处理进行研究,采取直方图均衡化、中值滤波和同态滤波等方法对读入的人脸图像进行处理,从而突出图像细节,为下一步人脸图像的特征提取、匹配、识别等步骤打下基础,提高可靠性。仿真结果表明,所采取的方法是可行有效的。     

基于云计算的海量人脸特征图像大规模对比技术

生物特征识别过程中的人脸识别,人脸数量的巨大,限制了这项技术的应用性.本文提出了一种基于云计算的大规模人脸特征图像匹配技术,运用广域云计算网络模型,对图像中存在的人脸特征信息进行有效地提取.在云计算的相关对比算法中,运用改进的ASM匹配模型进行人脸特征的提取与匹配.保证特征的进度,运用云计算强大的运算能力,完成海量图像的人脸图像匹配,克服了传统算法的弊端.实验证明,这种算法能够避免由于人脸的图像数量过大,造成的图像匹配耗时的缺陷,大幅提高了相关算法的应用性.     

基于小波和PCA的人脸识别系统的研究与实现

人脸识别技术是人脸识别系统以人脸图像作为识别身份的媒介。主成分分析(Principal Components Analysis)~[1-2]即是人脸识别算法中一种常用的方法,算法寻求的是能最大程度代表原始信息的特征信息。理解了算法的原理,基于平台实现了人脸识别系统。该系统首先对图像进行预处理,预处理的目的是为了减弱光照、噪声等非线性因素的干扰,再以人脸库中的部分图像为训练样本,采用算法计算训练样本得到特征脸向量,然后用工具箱~[3]中的函数对训练样本进行训练得到模型,通过训练出来的模型用部分测试样本进行预测,最后分类识别得出结果。实验证明,该系统识别率较高,具有一定的参考和研究价值。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.