不适宜温湿度对新型档案载体的影响

<正>新型档案材料是相对传统档案材料而言的,是指那些采用的载体并非单一的纸张,记录原理并非单一的机械作用、记录方式并非单一的模拟记录方式所形成的档案材料。主要有:感光记录材料、磁性音像记录材料、数字磁性记录材料、机械录音材料、激光记录材料、重氨复印材料、静电复印材料和传真记录材料等。新型档案材料尽管在记录方式、记录技术上具有一定的先进性、复制性能好、存储量大等优点,但是采用的多是化学合成材料和非机械性刻写方式,和传     

新型载体材料对档案工作的影响

长期以来,档案部门所保存的主要是纸质档案,档案保护工作主要围绕纸张和字迹的耐久性展开.随着光学技术、磁记录技术的发展,特别是电子技术的发展,档案载体增加了许多新的形式,越来越多的社会活动不再采用纸张和字迹材料记录,而是以新型载体和记录方式而存在.     

对当前新型载体档案保护的几点思考

高科技的发展,使档案载体形式发生变化。新的档案载体需要新的保护方法,应加强研究,采取新的措施加以保护。     

新型档案载体和国家标准

从笔者目前掌握的材料看,新型档案载体材料的耐久性在一定范围内达成了共识,即如果保管条件合适,可达20至30年.关键是在GB/T或ISO标准中,没有一个硬性规定磁盘、光盘应使用某种材料制成,只是笼统的提及"只要符合本标准的任何材料"或是建议使用某种材料.     

浅谈新型载体档案的保护

在社会信息化和信息社会化的进程中，档案数量越来越多。随着人类社会的不断进步、科学技术的飞速发展，档案载体材料不断地变化，缩微型（胶卷、胶片等）、声像型（影片、录音带、录象带等）和机读型（磁性材料、光盘）等新型载体材料相继问世，电子档案大量涌现。虽然新型载体档案的历史并不长，但由于它们具有记录速度快，记录范围广，记录密度高，记录信息形式多样，易于检索、拷贝、传递等特点，发展很快。新型载体档案与纸质档案相比不仅类型繁多，载体成分复杂，而且结构与性能也完全不同。这些新型材料均属于高分子化合物，质地较脆，不如一般纸质档案容易保存。对于新型载体档案，不仅要保护好档案信息的载体，还要保护所载的信息。因此，加强对新型载体档案保护技术的研究，显得十分重要。     

电子图书档案载体的科学保护

磁带、磁盘、光盘的质量直接影响其使用和贮藏寿命,所以应采用质量好、性能优的磁带、磁盘、光盘来存贮图书、档案信息。     

特殊档案载体的保护技术

随着现阶段新材料、新技术被广泛地应用于档案的载体和计算机技术被应用于档案管理这些新型载体档案的保护技术。对我们档案管理人员提出新的课题，因此也就更显露出档案保护技术的重要性和紧迫性。     

档案库房围护结构与温湿度控制

控制档案库房的温湿度是我们档案保护管理员的首要任务,档案保存的质量,档案的物理寿命,档案的防虫防霉都与库房的温湿度息息相关,一旦档案库房的温湿度失控,档案保护就成问题了.     

谈计算机技术在企业现行文件与档案管理中应用的三阶段

企业现行文件和档案管理应用计算机技术的历程,不仅记录着企业现行文件和档案规范化、系统化管理的轨迹,而且反映着企业经营管理和产品开发信息化的进程.根据计算机技术在企业现行文件和档案管理中应用的环节、功能及运作的不同,可以把其划分为以下三大阶段:     

Environmental conditions for the safeguarding of collections: A background to the current debate on the control of relative humidity and temperature

Conditions of relative humidity (RH) and temperature within museums and buildings holding collections of cultural heritage objects are often maintained around a strictly controlled set point of about 50 ± 5% RH and 20 or 21 ± 2°C to provide safe, stable conditions for hygroscopic artifacts. It has recently been proposed that these ranges should be relaxed to values that are less energy-intensive to maintain while still being safe for the objects in the collection, with the aim of reducing both carbon footprint and energy use. It is also suggested that conditions should be determined by the needs of individual objects and by the local climate of the region, rather than applying overall values across the museum as a whole. This proposal has led to much discussion within the conservation community. The suggested values, a stable humidity within the range 40–60% RH and a stable temperature within the range 16–25°C for most objects, apart from the most vulnerable, are derived from the results of experimental research on the responses of individual materials to particular conditions of RH and temperature, as well as observations of the behaviour of cultural heritage objects in their own environments and on loan. This paper describes briefly the historical and scientific background to the present discussion.     

高校图书馆档案信息资源的整合与开发利用

高校图书馆的档案信息是图书馆重要的信息资源.高校图书馆应采取切实有效措施,做好档案信息资源的整合、规范化建设和有效开发利用工作,以促进图书馆稳步健康发展,满足高校办学快速发展需求.     

Modelling temperature and humidity in storage spaces used for cultural property in Japan

From rainy season to summer in Japan, the climate is humid. Especially in these seasons, it is difficult to maintain suitable conditions of temperature and relative humidity in exhibition and storage rooms in museums. Such climate conditions and problems are common to many countries in East Asia. Analysis using computer simulation can be a powerful tool because it is cheap and allows the simulation of a range of conditions without having to make changes to buildings and environments surrounding cultural objects. In this study, a storage building in which there is no air-conditioning unit was chosen as a target. The modelling of temperature and relative humidity in storage spaces was conducted using the Thermal and Airflow Network Model Simulation Program for buildings (NETS). The effect of seismic retro-fitting on the variation of temperature was predicted using NETS and the results were evaluated by comparing with the measured values. As a result, the heat transfer was successfully calculated and the modelled temperature represents the measured values reasonably well. Computing relative humidity by taking into account the effect of porous hygroscopic materials is challenging. In order to overcome this problem, the κ-ν model was adopted. We have some improvements but the study is still ongoing.     

The influence of temperature and humidity on swelling and surfactant migration in acrylic emulsion paint films

It has often been observed anecdotally and implied through experimentation that acrylic emulsion paintings accumulate and entrain soils over time due to the inherent mechanical softness in artist's acrylic paint films, through the presence of hydrophilic film components, and by virtue of the ubiquitous presence of surfactant moieties on these film surfaces once they dry. In the present study, it has been this last effect that we have sought to describe more fully in terms of surfactant responsiveness to both temperature and relative humidity (RH). Surfactant hydration and dehydration under varying temperature and RH conditions affects the ultimate partitioning of the surfactant at the paint–air interface, as well as the inherent size, aggregation tendencies, and solubility of surfactant in the bulk paint materials which contain components that are highly responsive to changes in temperature and RH (e.g. polyacrylic or polymaleic anhydride-type dispersal materials). In this work, analytical techniques including three-dimensional microscopy and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation were used to add to and reinforce current understanding of the physical and mechanical changes to acrylic paint films with temperature and RH. The migration of surfactant at the film surface was studied using desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared microscopy.     

谈计算机软件开发过程中所形成档案的建立

计算机软件开发过程中所形成的档案是一种专业性比较强的科技档案 ,本文论述了这种档案的形成、特点以及建立这种档案的意义 ,并简要介绍如何建立这种特殊的科技档案     

信息咨询工作文档(FRIS)

为适应图书馆信息咨询服务工作发展的要求,文章设计了一种信息咨询工作文档(简称FRIS),并介绍了它的记录结构和内容,以及对文档工作界面的总体要求,分析了文档的操作流程,并探讨了文档的主要功能.     

以人为本立档为民发挥知情权在人事档案中的作用

文章认为人事档案因其特殊性削弱了它应有的利用价值,并提出人事档案的知情权,在于重新认识人事档案;发挥知情权在人事档案中的作用,有利于提高人事档案的价值.