生命,在课堂中诗意地栖居——新课程下思想品德课堂的倾心追求

“人,诗意地栖居在大地上。”海德格尔之所以喜欢荷尔德林的这句诗,因为在他看来,人原本就应该在大地上,过着一种“自然、本真”的生活。但随着人类对自然的征服、盘剥和利用,使人离开了自然的“家”,变成漂泊的“孤魂”,异化了人自身。所以海德格尔呼吁人必须回归自然,与大地融合。人,只有在大地上,才能诗意地栖居。那么,我们的课堂呢?在思想品德课堂中,“生命”与“课堂”的关系,是否也如“人”与“大地”的关系一样,处于分离状态?在不少人的眼里,思想品德课是枯燥的、无味的、机械的,思想品德课堂更多展示的是难记的概念、枯燥的理论、无用的     

中国传统道德中的“义务本位”

一、何为“义务本位”“义务”在伦理学上的意义,是指自觉履行的没有任何附加条件的对他人、对社会的责任.“本位”的本义表示“根本的位置”、“中心位置”,引伸为“基础、核心”,如“全本位”、“官本位”等等.本文使用“义务本位”概念,旨在表明这样一种观点:“义务”是整个中国传统道德体系的核心和基础.尽管在中国传统哲学、伦理学中并没有专门提出“义务”概念,但其全部的道德理论和德目都是在强调个人对他人、对家庭家族、对社会的义务这种意义上展开和演绎的,所有的教化形式都是要把这种“义务”植根于中国人的灵魂深处,简言之,“义务本位”就是在伦理道德体系中,把“义务”放在“核心”、“基础”的地位上加以强调.     

卢梭与当代自然主义教育

教育的价值建立在个人本位之上,只能导致个人私欲的膨胀和对社会对他人的漠不关心,这样的理论和实践在现实生活中最终不能取得成功。马克思主义的理论认为,人的发展是一个不断提高、不断完善的漫长的历史过程,是与社会经济发展相统一的过程。因此,每个人的自由而全面的发展必然要与他人的发展和人类社会的发展相一致,社会生产力和经济文化的发展水平是逐步提高、永无止境的历史过程,人的全面发展程度也是逐步提高、永无止境的历史过程,这两个历史过程应相互结合、相互促进地向前发展。所以,即便是“自然人”也必然要承担一个国家“公民”应当履行的义务,否则,“自然人”的平等而自由的发展只能成为一句空话。     

人与自然的道德关系探析

人与自然的道德关系包含着两个基本内容：自然对人类的意义和价值,人类对自然的权利与义务。人与自然之间存在权利与义务关系。从全局看,所有生物之间的合作共生关系就是权利与义务关系,通过它们之间的相互作用,表现了权利与义务的一致性。人与自然之间存在着权利义务关系,为了自然的权利,人要牺牲一定的权利,更多的是尽环境道德义务。环境伦理学已把伦理学的边界扩展到了人与环境之间,既然人以自然共同体平等的参与,强调人对非人类的自然有责任和义务;那么,人对自然没有任何特权,更多的是要尽环境道德义务。弄清了这个问题,对于促进人与自然和谐共处,走可持续发展道路至关重要。     

写春联

我自小喜爱书法,给邻居们写春联自然是我义不容辞的义务。 早晨才吃过饭,屋里已挤满了人。 “先给谁写呢?”我拿起笔问。 “先给咱大村长写。先干部后群众嘛。词儿我都想好了:上联写‘今天手中掌了权’,     

对马克思"现实的人"的解读及其意义

马克思在对黑格尔“理念的人”和费尔巴哈“抽象的人”的批判中创造性地确立了“现实的人”这一理论,确立了“现实的人”不仅是处在特定的社会关系中从事实践活动的人,而且规定了“现实的人”是不断变化发展的人,是主体与客体相统一的人,是自然、社会和意识相统一的人等科学内涵。“现实的人”的理论的建立有重大的理论和现实意义。     

关于《自然的人化与美的规律》的几点补充——再答王人恩同志暨刘平同志

对“自然的人化”和“美的规律”问题,我的再论发表后,又读到王人恩同志的《再谈》与刘平同志的《“自然的人化”与“美的规律”再思考》(均见本刊),后者既不赞同我的某些观点,也不赞同王人恩同志的某些观点,看来还有必要继续讨论。分歧意见的焦点在于:(一)“自然的人化”到底是全面一次实现的?还是一部分、一部分地逐步实现的?(二)“自然的人化”到底是“自动”人化的呢?还是“被动”人化     

人与自然关系在科技推动下的新范式探析

自然价值的存在和由此产生的人对自然的道德义务使科技伦理范围内伦理范式的转变成为一种必然。文章从科技伦理视野出发,试图寻找人与自然关系的新范式:从控制对象上实现对“自然”的控制到对“人与自然关系”的控制;从控制方式上实现“为所欲为”到“有所畏惧”;从控制理念上实现“过度消费”到“低熵文化”。     

鉴心育之法,润德育之途

传统德育认为每个人都应该有正确的人生观、价值观,学校有义务和责任对学生进行这方面的教育,而学生则应顺从社会给定的思想观念和行为模式,否则就是“没有正确的人生观和价值观”.它强调让学生接受道德规范与社会要求,一味地进行正面灌输,强调德育的一致性,忽视了能否接受教育的决定权在学生这一事实.它的“强制性”结果引起了学生本能的反感,德育的实效性自然大打折扣.怎么办?德育的出路在何方?     

《高校思政治理论课应渗透环境伦理教育》

环境伦理是一种新型的伦理学思想,它把伦理学的世界从人与人之间扩展到人与环境之间,强调了人不仅对同类有责任和义务,而且对非人类的自然也有责任和义务。人不是自然的主宰,而只是“大地共同体”的一员。环境道德原则作为环境伦理学的核心思想,它包括可持续发展原则、人类生存与自然环境的协调原则、环境伦理平等等内容。以往的思想政治理论课主要是围绕如何处理人与他人、集体、社会的关系设置的,忽视了人与自然和环境伦理的内容,这不符合当前科学发展观的要求。因此,我们要将环境伦理纳入思想政治理论课之中,通过教育与教学引导学生树立…     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.