多媒体与小学数学教学有效整合的思考

<正>多媒体技术的发展和应用,给课堂教学资源和教学手段带来了革命性的变化。但与此同时,其与原有的教学结构、教学内容和方法等诸多因素产生了不同程度的矛盾,从而给传统的教学方式带来冲击。多媒体技术的应用在促进教学水平的发展、提高教学效率的同时,也产生了一些值得注意的问题。笔者认     

触觉在营销领域的应用与展望

根据触觉研究的发展脉络,从触觉属性的探索、不同触觉方式的研究以及触觉与其他感官交互三个方面分别综述了触觉在营销领域的应用。首先,对与触觉有关的四种属性提供的相关信息在营销领域的研究进行了概述;然后探讨了触觉发展到一定阶段后通过人与人之间的触摸、人与物之间的接触、物与物之间的触碰等不同触觉方式带来的情感变化在营销上的应用;最后探讨了触觉与其他四种感官的交叉在营销领域的补偿效果;不仅为人们行为和决策的变化做出了解释,还为企业和研究人员的探索提供了指导方向,进一步推动了触觉研究相关实践的发展。     

江汉平原农业景观格局及生物多样性研究——以两个村为例

通过野外调查、航片解译和农户调查,应用地理信息系统,对不同时期(1955、1977、1984、1993)亚热带江汉平原农业景观格局变化以及与社会经济变革和农作系统多样性的相互关系、不同类型景观单元的生物多样性,进行了案例研究.指出,景观格局变化受大尺度因素和小尺度因素相互作用影响;庭院中树篱和林地以及农田边界可能是保持生物多样性最重要的景观单元,稳定这些景观单元可能是景观生态及农作系统持续性管理最重的组成部分.     

江汉平原农业景观格局及生物多样性研究

通过野外调查、航片解译和农户调查,应用地理信息系统,对不同时期（1995、1977、1984、1993）亚热带江汉平原农业景观格局变化以及与社会经济变革和农作系统多样性的相互关系、不同类型景观单元的生物多样性,进行了案例研究。指出,景观格局变化受大尺度因素和小尺度因素相互作用影响;庭院中树篱和林地以及农田边界可能是保持生物多样性最重要的景观单元,稳定这些景观单元可能是景观生态及农作系统持续性管理最重的组成部分。     

快速城市化背景下深圳土地利用时空变化的人文因素分析

本文以深圳为研究案例,在评述国内外相关研究的基础上,利用遥感土地利用数据、土地利用详查数据、政府部门资料和实地调查资料等多种数据源,应用定量分析和GIS空间分析技术从定性与定量的角度系统全面地开展了快速城市化背景下城市土地利用变化的人文因素研究。研究结果表明：应用因子分析方法可将影响深圳土地利用变化的因子可归纳为经济发展水平因子、城市化和工业化因子、人口因子和产业结构调整等四个因子;应用线性回归和指数回归等分析方法可将土地利用面积变化率和土地利用变化强度表达为影响因子的函数关系,从函数关系可知各影响因子对深圳土地利用变化的影响作用大小不同,人口、城市化与工业化因子的影响作用较大,经济发展水平和产业结构调整因子其次。     

不同虫害干扰强度下大兴安岭呼中林区 森林景观变化模拟

应用空间直观景观模型(LANDIS)模拟不同虫害干扰强度下森林景观的长期变化,采用APACK统计软件计算落叶松和白桦及各龄组的分布面积以及物种格局变化.结果表明,虫害干扰降低了落叶松分布面积,提高了白桦的面积比例;降低了落叶松的成热、过熟林面积,增加了白桦各个龄组分布面积;降低了落叶松的聚集度,增加了白桦的聚集度.虫害干扰在一定程度上降低了森林生态系统的稳定性,导致森林景观的破碎化.     

间隙距离对冷凝式换热器性能的影响

应用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,建立了盘管式冷凝换热器的三维数学物理模型;探讨了内部边界耦合的传热、传质过程,对换热器冷凝传热过程进行了三维数值模拟;在模拟数据的基础上,对不同盘管间隙下换热器传热过程进行了比较,并得到其性能变化情况.     

甘肃省工业部门能源消耗变化及影响因素分析

经济增长和能源节约需要统筹兼顾,在促进经济增长的同时,还应减少能源消耗。本文以甘肃省工业部门24个细分产业为研究对象,首先,分析了各产业的能耗比重及其变化情况,发现能源消耗集中在六大高耗能产业,并且其比重有进一步扩大的趋势;其次,应用能耗产出弹性分析了能源消耗与产业产值增量变化之间的相对关系,重点评价了六大高耗能产业的可持续状态;然后,应用改进型结构分解法分析了部门结构变化和部门强度变化在工业部门能源强度降低中所起的作用,并通过进一步分解产品结构变化和产品强度变化对部门强度变化的影响,还原了部门结构变化对工业部门能源强度降低的真实作用;最后,结合甘肃省经济发展和能源消耗的现状提出了节约能源的重点方向,并总结了应用改进型结构分解法分析产品结构和产品强度变化可能存在的问题。     

岩溶山区聚落格局变化及其LUCC响应分析——以贵州省为例

以代表岩溶山区不同发展水平的贵州省4个地区为例,应用1963年航片和2004年SPOT影像,运用GIS技术和景观指数定量评价方法,研究了岩溶山区聚落格局变化及其与所在区域土地利用/土地覆盖变化的关系,结果表明,在1963年,该区聚落规模较小,受地貌影响较小,主要分布在土地生产力高的地方,聚落分布形状较为规则。经过几十年地区经济的发展及人口增长,聚落在不断扩张,因受制于山区的地理环境,聚落分布形状趋于复杂,且有向交通线集聚分布的趋势。在不同发展水平地区,聚落空间发展方向各有差异,其中优化开发型地区聚落稳定并朝自身扩张和合并方向发展;保护开发型地区聚落变化小,部分聚落向保护地区外围迁移;恶劣发展型地区聚落变化数量大、等级低,其发展方向以新生为主,消亡较多;岩溶山区聚落的分布格局变化对周边土地利用/覆盖变化产生重要影响,在不同发展水平地区异质性明显,因此岩溶山区聚落的周边生态建设方向应具有较强的针对性。     

农业科学

盐选分级后银杏种实品质初步分析;DEM在低山丘陵区综合治理中的应用;井冈山自然保护区森林资源变化分析;桃仁蜂成虫防治技术研究;不同间伐强度天然次生林凋落物性质的研究     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1

The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.