Successful Development of the Shenguang-II Laser Facility

The ultimate objective of the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) research isto achieve the realization of controllable nuclear fusion, a kind of sub-atomic reactions, in which the union of lighter atomic nuclei forms heavierones in company with release of an enormous amount of energy, in hope ofsolving the increasingly urgent issue of energy shortage in human society. Act-ing as an important experimental platform for the short-term and mid-term ICFstudies in China, the Shenguang (Divine Ligh…     

Progress Scored by CAS in Fuel Cell Engine and Hydrogen Energy Technology

The fuel cell is an energy conversion device, in which the energy stored in fuel and oxidant is transformed into electricity and heat energy via electrochemical reactions. It has the advantage of high energy transform efficiency, low noise and environmental friendliness. It can also achieve energy supply diversity.     

Energy-rich Plant Research in China: Overview and Prospect

The energy crisis is an enormous challenge to the human race.Consequently, the technology development and utilization of biomass energy have become a new "hot spot"in the international arena.This article gives an overview on the current status of the research on energy plants and puts forward several suggestions on how to reasonably develop them in China.     

Realization of Trapped and Laser Cooled Single Ions

Aresearchteam led byProf. Gao Kelin from the CAS Wuhan Institute of Phys- ics& Mathematics (WIPM) has suc- ceeded in colding andtrapping afew and single ions. The laser cooling and trapping atom is a feasible approach devoted by physicists to realizing the com- pletely static state of an isolatedsystem, creating diverse conditionsfor preparation of various quantumstates of an atomic system and re-lated precisionmeasurement. So far,scientists have made world-re-nowned accomplishments in th…     

Mechanical effects: challenges for high-field superconducting magnets

<正>Due to its clean products and sufficient raw materials, fusion energy is expected to become one of the main solutions of the energy crisis and ensuring the sustainable development of human society,which is a long-term strategicfrontier field.The promise offusion energy is to constrain the motion of high-temperature plasma by the high magnetic field generated by superconducting magnets, and then achieve controllable thermonuclearfusion.Fusion power is proportional to the fourth power of ...     

China＇s First Supcrconducting Tokamak Retires

Next time you want to see HT-7 you will have to go see it in its new home, ASIPP＇s new energy center in Huainan （80 km west of Hefei）. It will ultimately become a museum exhibit, showcasing an important period of history and bearing witness to the development of fusion research in China over the past two decades.     

China＇s Industrial Biomanufacturing Technology to Reach World Advanced Level

<正>1.Industrial biomanufacturing is an important part of bioeconomy development Biomanufacturing is a new industry for large-scale material processing and transformation via biological function to provide industrial goods for social development.It uses microbial cells or enzyme proteins to catalyze chemical synthesis and biomass feedstock to synthesize energy chemicals and materials in order to produce energy and chemicals as a replacement for the petrochemical industry route[1].Based on the latest development in life sciences,it mass-produces the needed energy and chemicals in an advanced,highly efficient and environmentallyfriendly way through the combination of biological and manufacturing technologies,with design and improvement of modifi ed organisms as the core.Currently,through the advanced biomanufacturing process,many materials can be produced such as basic     

FREQUENCY STABILIZATION OF DIODE LASERS

Experimental results are reported on the frequency stabilization of diode lasers using a linear absorption spectra of Cs-D_2 line at 852.1nm, where the laser temperature is controlled by using double feedback loops and the laser current is controlled by an error signal from the output of a lock-in amplifier. The stability in terms of Allan variance between 1.3E-12 and 3.3E-11 was obtained at averaging time between 0.1s and 100s.     

Synthesizing Our Future

Chemistry has a central role in science,and synthesis plays an essential role in chemistry. Synthetic substances and materials have demonstrated a significant impact in determining the quality of our life in the last century. Although chemical synthesis has now reached an extraordinary level of sophistication,there is still vast room for improvement. In this century,to be more tightly merged with other fields such as material and life sciences,to generate more interdisciplinary areas,is an inevitable trend in synthetic chemistry. Nowadays,synthetic chemistry should pursue "GREEN" process. In this context,the atom economy,the E-factor and 3Rs (reduction,recycling and reuse) of resources must be taken into account in synthetic industry. The greatest challenge of synthetic chemistry,not only,will be immense responsibility to tackle a range of existing or predicted social and global issues associated with resources,energy,materials,the environment,food and health,but also the redeeming the negative impression of synthetic chemistry in public.     

Energy Economics： New Challenges and Solutions- Review of the 4th Asian Conference of the Internationa Association for Energy Economics [IAEE]

The 4th Asian Conference of International Association for Energy Economics （IAEE）, themed “Energy Economics： New Challenges and Solutions”, was held in Beijing, China, from September 19 to 21, 2014. Nearly 400 delegates from 28 countries and regions shared state-of-the-art research findings in the field of energy economics and explored possible solutions to energy and environmental challenges. This is the first IAEE event ever held in China＇s mainland, and it will play an important role in promoting the development of energy economics and coping with the real challenges we face.     

Solar Radio Astronomy and Plasma Non-thermal Processes in Solar Atmosphere

1.Introduction Solar radio astronomy is an important branch of solar physics,which deals with the radio emission from the solar atmosphere.In solar physics,one of the greatest challenges is to understand the energy storing in the hot atmospheric plasma above sunspots and its sudden releasing in eruptive processes,such as solar flares,eruptive filaments,and     

Non-planar dielectrics derived thermal and electrostatic field inhomogeneity for boosted weather-adaptive energy harvesting

Weather-adaptive energy harvesting of omnipresent waste heat and rain droplets,though promising in the field of environmental energy sustainability,is still far from practice due to its low electrical output owing to diele ctric structure irrationality and unscalability.Here we present atypical upcycling of ambient heat and raindrop energy via an all-in-one non-planar energy harvester,simultaneously increasing solar pyroelectricity and droplet-based triboelectricity by two-fold,in contrast to co...     

Mapping Out the Structure of a Spinach Light-Harvester

The major light-harvesting complex of photosystem Ⅱ(LHC-Ⅱ) serves as the principal solar energy collector in the photosynthesis of green plants and presumably also functions in photoprotection under high-light conditions. Many of its structures were revealed by a work of a 3.2.A electron crystallographic model of LHC-Ⅱ in 1994. Since then researchers have eagerly awaited a higher-resolution structure to extend knowledge of the light harvesting and energy transfer processes involved in photosynthesis to the level of full atomic data.     

Progress Scored by CAS in Fuel Cell Engine and Hydrogen Energy Technology

The fuel cell is an energyconversion device, inwhich the energy stored infuel and oxidant is transformed intoelectricity and heat energy via elec-trochemical reactions. It has the ad-vantage of high energy transformefficiency, low noise and environ-mental friendliness. It can alsoachieve energy supply diversity.The energy and environmentare the vital foundations for the sus-tainable development. With the de-velopment of the human society, theupcoming exhaustion of fossilenergy, the deteriorat…     

Photocatalytic Degradation of Persistent and Toxic Organic Pollutants and its Mechanism

Persistent and toxic organic pollutants are serious environmental concerns in many parts of the world. These pollutants are often difficult to deal with using conventional treatment processes. Photocatalysis is an emerging technology which uses environmentally-friendly oxidants (oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, ozone),photocatalysts (titanium dioxide, ferrous ions or its complexes) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation to degrade and mineralize the toxic organic pollutants. The major drawback is that photocatalytic processes need to be activated by ultraviolet light, which accounts for only about 4% of the incoming solar energy; the overall reaction efficiency is still very low.     

Strive for Leapfrog Progress and Sustainable Development through Innovation and Open a New Chapter for the Knowledge Innovation Program

The 2004 annual work conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) is held at an important moment. It comes when formulation of the State Mediumand Long-term Plan for the Development of Science and Technology (S&T) has begun in an all-round way and when the seventh year has just begun for the trial implementation of our Knowledge Innovation Program (KIP) and we are working hard to plan the development of CAS in the future. Here is the theme of our conference:     

Relationship between Water and Vegetation in the Ejina Delta

Water is the foundation of an arid ecological system, as the quantity and quality of surface water and groundwater determine its structure and function. The study on the relationship between water and ecosystem is the basis of ecosystem protection. Taking the Ejina delta, an extremely arid area located downstream of the Heihe River in northwestern China, as an example, this article gives an overviewe of the study in three aspects: (1) the groundwater table and salinity dynamics and their driving factors, (2) the groundwater depth and salt threshold of natural vegetation ecosystem, and (3) the impact evaluation of ecological flow control on Ejina natural vegetation. The authors point out the importance of the research into the relation between water and ecosystem and its key difficulties and weakness, and put forward strategies for promoting the study processes.     

Green carbon science:fundamental aspects

Carbon energy has contributed to the creation of human civilization,and it can be considered that the configuration of the carbon energy system is one of the important laws that govern the operation of everything in the universe.The core of the carbon energy system is the opposition and unity of two aspects:oxidation and reduction.The operation of oxidation and reduction is based on the ternary elemental system composed of the three elements of carbon,hydrogen and oxygen.Its operation produces n...     

Tandem organic solar cells with 20.6% efficiency enabled by reduced voltage lossesOA

Large voltage losses are the main obstacle for achieving high efficiency in organic solar cells(OSCs).Here we construct ternary OSCs by introducing an asymmetric small molecule acceptor AITC into PBDB-TCl:BTP-eC9 system and demonstrate the effectiveness in simultaneously decreasing energy disorder and non-radiative voltage losses.It is found that the introduction of AITC can modify domain size and increase the degree of crystallinity,which enhances open-circuit voltage and power conversion effic...     

YIN Hejun

Prof.YIN,45,is an electronics expert.He graduated from the Taiyuan Institute of Technology in 1983 and received his Ph.D. in electromagnetic field and microwave technique at the CAS Institute of Electronics(IECAS) in 1995.He took the helm of the IECAS in 1999,and became the director-general of the CAS