基于因子分析的湖南省区域科普能力测度评价

根据科普能力的内涵,从科普人员、科普场地、科普经费、科普传媒、科普活动五个方面构建湖南省区域科普能力评价指标体系,通过因子分析结合静态和动态研究对湖南省14个市州的2014-2017年科普能力进行测度,得出湖南省区域科普能力发展呈现出四个明显区域特征、科技经费和人才投入是衡量科普能力水平的重要因素等结论。最后提出促进湖南省区域科普工作发展的对策建议。     

我国省域科普资源建设水平指标体系的构建及评价研究

通过构建科普资源建设水平的评价指标体系,采用全局主成分分析方法,以全国31个省(市)区为样本空间,对其2006—2011年的科普资源建设水平进行分析评价。研究结果表明,近年来,我国各省域科普资源建设水平都有一定程度的提升,但省域间仍存在较大差异和差距,发展不均衡的态势依然存在。同时,立足我国各省域科普资源建设水平的数据分析和存在问题,提出加快我国科普事业发展和促进科普资源建设水平提升的建议。     

我国农村科普工作发展现状及战略思考

该文梳理了我国农村科普工作的现状、建设、发展及取得的成绩和不足,对区域农村科普的发展进行了分析和研究,并基于我国农村科普发展实际以及新农村建设的理论支撑,从资源体系、组织体系、制度体系、队伍体系、能力体系建设以及工作方式和模式创新七个方面提出了我国农村科普发展战略的建议。     

陕西省区域科普非均衡发展的实证分析及与经济协调发展的对策

本文概括了陕西省区域经济发展现况,指出了全省科学技术普及非均衡发展现象。采用对比分析法,对全省关中、陕北、陕南三大区域以及十地市之间科普的非均衡发展进行对比研究,指出关中地区的科学技术普及情况与经济发展水平明显高于陕北、陕南地区,并且城乡之间、地域之间的差距也十分显著。最后对促进我省区域科普与经济协调发展提出了对策和建议。     

地区科普能力指标体系的构建及评价研究

本文在国家科普能力定义的基础上对地区科普能力进行界定,构建了地区科普能力的理论模型和指标体系,并利用主成分分析法分别对全国31个省直辖市,河北省11个城市的科普能力水平进行定量分析与评价,为我国掌握各地区科普能力的实际状况提供科学有效的方法.     

陕西省科普能力指标体系构建与评价

文章结合陕西省科普工作实际情况,构建科普人员、科普设施、科普经费、科普创作、科普活动5个方面的科普能力指标体系。运用主成分分析法评价了陕西在全国的科普能力,并对全省各地市的科普效果进行实证分析,提出了促进陕西科普事业发展的意见和建议。     

我国各省科技服务绩效评价研究——以科学普及为例

以我国各省为研究对象,依据2012年中国科技统计年鉴科学普及统计选取科技服务科普专职人员、兼职人员、科技馆数量等结果指标,采用主成分分析法,通过降维提取综合评价因素并实施评价,研究发现,我国各省科学普及整体发展水平不均衡,共分为4类,江浙地区发展较好,西部地区发展较差。针对我国科技普及发展现状提出相应的建议。     

区域科技服务业服务创新能力评价——基于改进的CRITIC-VIKOR法

在理论分析的基础上,借鉴科技创新体系的三螺旋结构框架提出科技服务业面向服务的科技创新体系,从服务创新产业发展潜力、服务创新资源投入能力、服务创新成果创造能力等3个方面构建科技服务业服务创新能力评价指标体系,运用改进的CRITIC-VIKOR法对我国科技服务业服务创新能力进行综合评价。实证结果表明,我国四大经济区域的服务创新能力差异显著,其中东部的服务创新能力最强且大幅度领先,西部的服务创新能力最弱且停滞不前。研究提出应积极落实各项国家战略决策,缩小各区域服务创新能力差距,推进区域经济均衡发展。     

加强国家科普能力建设，服务新时代国家战略需求

新时代国家科普能力表现为一个国家向公众持续提供有效科普产品和服务,提升全民科学素质、营造科学文化、促进科技成果转化进而支撑创新发展的综合实力。文章基于我国科普能力的理论研究与建设实践,分析了当前我国科普能力建设中的不足和服务新时代国家发展战略的科普能力发展方向,尝试为加强国家科普能力建设、服务创新驱动发展、助力实现中国式现代化提出有益建议。     

企业科普能力指标体系构建

在科普能力指标体系文献研究的基础上,从企业科普创新的角度,构建了包括科普创新的投入能力、科普创新的管理能力、科普创新的产出能力、市场营销能力、技术创新能力、科普活动能力6个方面、16项指标的企业科普能力评价指标体系,并用层次法确定指标的权重,采用模糊评价的方法建立企业科普能力的评价标准。     

To serve and promote science development via innovation

CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Tracing the origin and early radiation of birds——Paleornithologist ZHOU Zhonghe

With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants."     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Stern-Gerlach effect goes chiral

Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.