国际金融危机后出口变化对我国高技术产业的影响——基于投入产出方法的结构性分析

本文运用投入产出分析工具,通过产业之间的关联,着重分析了国际金融危机后,我国出口变化对高技术产业的直接影响和间接影响.通过计算发现,高技术产业本身的出口变化是高技术产业产出出现波动的主要原因,高技术产业对出口变化的灵敏度要远远高于非高技术产业.同时,高技术产业出口及产出的下降对能源、材料以及金融、零售等服务行业产生较大的影响.     

我国高新技术产业与其他产业关联效应的经验分析

结合投入产出分析理论和产业关联理论,运用投入产出模型,通过对我国2002年的投入产出表中2001～2005年数据重新整合,测算了直接消耗系数、感应度系数和影响力系数等一系列经济参数,定量分析了高新技术产业与国民经济其他部门间的关联效应,并对其关联效应进行归类和动态分析,研究结果揭示了高新技术产业与相关产业部门的关联效应以及波及程度的比例关系。     

我国仪器仪表制造业产业特性与关联环境研究——基于投入产出分析视角

基于投入产出分析视角,利用投入产出表中丰富的产业间中间流量信息,研究我国仪器仪表制造业的产业特性、上下游产业关联环境。研究发现仪器仪表制造业对经济的辐射、带动能力要远远高于我们所认识的程度;从关联产业的角度来看,仪器仪表行业与知识密集型服务业以及高技术产业的上下游关联程度不高,阻碍产业创新力的提高。     

一个奥运会产业关联效应测算模型的构建与论证

在借鉴以往节事经济影响研究实践和成果的基础上,构建测算基于SNA的奥运会产业关联效应测算模型,并通过模型设计的条件、测算体系的形成以及新旧投入产出模型流量的关系等对其进行理论论证,指出该模型具有可行性,可用于进行节事活动对各产业的产业关联效应测算及对国民经济的影响分析。     

基于产业复杂网络的产业关联结构指标研究——以全国和山东省为例

针对产业关联效应的描述分析,基于产业复杂网络构建了由产业关联个体、产业关联层级和产业关联整体构成的关联结构指标。利用国家和山东省2012年投入产出数据进行了实例分析,发现化学、金属冶炼加工、交通与信息设备制造、物流和金融等产业关联效应较强,是经济发展主导产业和经济基础结构主干产业,体现了我国工业化后期和信息化前期的结构演化特征,但总体上关联效应的区域与产业异质性较强。在"供给侧改革"、"双创"的背景下,我国需以构建有效的创新激励机制、低公共成本的资源获取与转移方式和宽松的成长环境来提升企业和社会大众的创新动力和能力为核心,在产业关联层面上"建链"、"补链"和"强链"并重,优化农业生产结构与农产品供给关系、加速传统资源类产业升级和大力发展战略新兴产业,通过促进产业技术持续创新,从根本上带动产业结构跃升。     

我国高技术产业的关联效应研究

利用投入产出模型和中国投入产出表(135产品部门)数据实证测算了高技术产业内各行业间以及高技术产业与传统产业之间的产业关联影响程度。结果发现,高技术产业各行业部门无论在高技术产业体系内部还是在整个工业体系内都表现出更强的后向关联性,这意味着高技术产业的发展不仅有助于自身各行业间的良性互动发展,而且有助于带动整个工业行业的快速发展。     

我国商业的产业关联分析及国际比较

依据投入产出法的产业关联分析,研究商业与国民经济、三次产业之间的内在联系与结构均衡,从而在更深层次上关注商业在国民经济中的性质、作用和地位.本文运用产业关联分析的有关指标和我国(1995、1997、2002、2005)以及美国(1997)、日本(1995)、法国(1995)、英国(1998)的投入产出表数据,通过比较研究,得出我国商业在工业化发展中期明显的生产性服务业的产业特征,进而明确了我国商业的基础产业与先导产业的地位,说明了我国商业在国民经济中的现实作用与发展趋势.     

基于全文知识网络的学术资源关联发现实践

【目的/意义】通过对学术资源进行深度挖掘与语义化组织,实现学术资源及其内部知识之间的关联发现。 【方法/过程】本文提出基于全文知识网络的学术资源关联发现方法,设计了全文知识网络的模型和构建流程,以 Pubmed Central数据库中拟南芥（Arabidopsis）相关的520篇期刊论文全文数据为实验对象,通过全文解析和挖掘将 其分解为细粒度的知识,形成全文知识网络。然后利用SPARQL查询和RelFinder可视化工具从数字资源层、知识 单元层和知识对象层三个层次开展关联发现实验。【结果/结论】本文构建全文知识网络对学术资源进行细粒度组 织和挖掘,有助于发现不同学术资源及其内部知识之间的潜在关联,对学术资源的深度利用具有重要的意义。【创 新/局限】本文创新之处在于通过构建全文知识网络对学术资源进行细粒度揭示和组织并进一步发现潜在关联,局 限在于尚未开展大规模应用实践。     

生产性服务业与制造业互动影响的比较研究

评述生产性服务业和制造业两产业互动理论,梳理陕西两产业发展过程中存在的问题,对其关联程度进行投入产出比较实证分析。发现陕西两产业互动程度较弱,细分产业之间的互动程度存在较大差异。交通运输仓储及邮政业、金融业互动水平较高;房地产、科研技术服务互动程度较弱;科研和技术服务的影响力系数较高。     

数字经济时代下中国信息服务业的投入产出效应研究

【目的/意义】为促进我国数字经济发展,提升信息服务业对经济社会发展的服务支撑能力。【方法/过程】利用2012年、2015年和2017年中国投入产出表,构建信息服务业与国民经济各部门的投入产出模型,实证研究信息服务业与各部门之间的依存关系及其对经济发展的作用。【结论/结果】信息服务业的产业关联范围广泛,与第三产业的直接联系较为紧密,而与第二产业具有较强的间接联系。信息服务业对经济发展的拉动力和推动力均低于各部门平均水平,属于弱辐射力弱制约力的部门。根据研究结论,提出优化供给结构、推动产业融合发展以及加强信息人才培养的政策建议。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1

The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.