图式与语境相结合的立体化听力理解模式

通过对图式听力理解模式和语境化听力理解模式的分析、探讨,提出心理学与语用学相结合的立体化听力理解模式的构建设想,探究了立体化听力理解模式对指导听力教学实践,有效提高听力理解能力的启示。     

从心理语言学的角度谈如何提高学生的听力理解

听力理解受到了越来越多人的重视，但同时人们也发现想要提高听力理解．仅仅靠多听是并不能完全解决问题的。在教学中应从心理语言学的角度、从听力的理解过程来探讨如何提高听力理解．这样可使学生对其在进行听力理解时的心理理解过程有一个充分的理解．以便于学生能自觉的运用它来提高自身的听力。     

从心理语言学的角度谈如何提高学生的听力理解

听力理解受到了越来越多人的重视,但同时人们也发现想要提高听力理解,仅仅靠多听是并不能完全解决问题的.在教学中应从心理语言学的角度、从听力的理解过程来探讨如何提高听力理解,这样可使学生对其在进行听力理解时的心理理解过程有一个充分的理解,以便于学生能自觉的运用它来提高自身的听力.     

听力理解策略研究现状及启示

听力理解策略是影响听力理解过程的重要因素之一.在回顾和介绍西方二语/外语听力理解策略以及国内对外汉语界听力理解策略的相关研究的基础上,对汉语作为第二语言的听力策略研究提出一些建议和意见.     

试论语用推理与听力理解

听者如何透过言者话语的表面意义,分析、推导话语的真实含义是听力理解过程中的难点。本文试以Grice会话含义理论和关联理论为基础,阐述话语理解过程中的语用推理,并分析语用推理在听力理解中的运作及其对听力理解的影响,指出听者应结合语境寻求关联,并进行语用推理,从而正确地理解言者的话语含义。将语用推理知识引入听力教学和听力理解,有益于听力教学的改进和学生听力理解水平的提高。     

认识听力理解本质是提高听力教学质量的关键

听力课看似简单实则复杂，对连续的有意义的语音理解既涉及语音基础知识又涉及复杂的心理解码活动。上好听力课是基于教师对听力理解本质的理解，基于对听力理解理论的认识，在此基础上，才能提高学生的听力水平。     

图式理论与英语听力教学

听力理解作为最基本的语言技能之一,一直是我国英语学习者的弱项.在听力理解过程中,学习者遇到的听力障碍,有时并非语言知识的问题,而是忽略了与听力材料密切相关的背景知识,即图式知识.本文介绍了图式理论的主要内容及对听力理解的再认识,从认知心理学的角度,探讨了图式理论在听力教学中的作用及应用以期扫除听力理解过程中的障碍,加速听力理解过程.     

浅析影响学生听力理解的词汇因素

在听力教学过程中，很多因素影响着学生对听力材料的理解，章通过四个方面论述了词汇因素对学生听力理解的影响以及正常掌握理解各种词汇因素在听力理解过程中的重要意义。     

浅析影响学生听力理解的词汇因素

在听力教学过程中,很多因素影响着学生对听力材料的理解。文章通过四个方面论述了词汇因素对学生听力理解的影响以及正确掌握理解各种词汇因素在听力理解过程中的重要意义。     

图式理论和听力教学

听力理解是一种基于语音、词汇与语法知识的被动接收过程。随着人们对听力在外语学习中的特殊作用的理解以及对听力教学重要性的认识的加深,有关听力教学的特点和方法的研究近几年有所增加,讨论的焦点是：（1）影响听力理解的因素有哪些？如何影响？（2）什么样的策略可以提高听力理解？应该如何训练学生这方面的策略？一影响听力理解的重要因素毫无疑问,听力材料本身的一些特点,如时间变量、语音、词汇和句法等对听力理解会产生影响。从听力材料的类型与听力理解的关系来看,一般的看法是,大多数书面材料在句法上比口语材料更为复杂,…     

人格对话:语文教学的时代诠释

教学对话是当代社会对话精神的呼唤在教育领域的回应。由于语文学科知识的社会性综合性、语文教师比其他学科教师更多地触及人性人格、语文教学具有很强的人文性特质 ,故语文教学中的对话是人格对话。这种对话在教学中主要理解为教学伦理上的平等关系 ,教学方式上的互动关系 ,“文本化”的课本观。     

Pre-service teachers’ questions about the profession during mentoring group conversations

The use of mentoring group conversations as a tool to support pre-service teachers’ professional development has become more common. However, there is still a lack of research that shows how conversations are used to develop knowledge. The present paper is based on ethnographical observations of mentoring group conversations, and describes how pre-service teachers who participate in an obligatory mentoring model use their conversations as an arena in their search for professional knowledge. Three areas were focused upon during the conversations: the teachers’ role and teaching practice, conditions for professional development and conditions related to the profession. The pre-service teachers mainly used conversations to question, discuss, share and reflect over pedagogical and didactical dilemmas related to teaching activities in the classroom and to their own as well as other teachers’ behaviour and attitudes in different situations. The paper provides an insight into how a mentoring model can contribute to professional preparation.     

Children's sociometric membership group and computer‐supported interaction in school settings

This study analyzed what kind of role sociometric status has in non‐real time computer conversations. Computer‐supported conversations were investigated by using two local area networks. Participants were 52 9 to 10‐year‐old schoolchildren selected from three sociometric strata: rejected, average, and popular. Children's preferred friends, school project companions, and spare time companions were considered separately. Furthermore, the role of achievement was studied. Results show that boys participate in conversations more actively than girls do. Rejected children are not at a disadvantage compared to popular children. Moreover, boys in the average popularity group engage in more active computer conversations than children in other groups. Most of the diversities are obtained when sociometric grouping is based on school project companions. This study shows that group working skills are more important for boys than for girls.     

关联理论视角下的小说对话翻译

小说翻译的成功与否,在很大程度上与其中对话翻译的质量紧密相关。小说中的人物对话具有自己的特点,看似简单通俗、明白易懂的语言蕴涵着深刻丰富、微妙复杂的涵义。根据关联理论中的最佳关联性观点,对小说人物对话的翻译,在翻译方法上灵活运用直译和意译法,而在翻译策略上则尽量使用异化策略,在表达作者基本意思的基础上,尽量彰显小说本身所特有的文学性。     

会话分析与批评话语分析异同辨析

会话分析和批评话语分析都将自然话语视为对社会的反映,都以话语为媒介考察社会对话语生成的影响,但由于对话语及社会本质的认识不同,二者的方法论也不尽相同。梳理两个流派的异同点可加深对话语社会特性的认识,同时也有助于整合话语分析各流派的理论及研究方法,推动话语研究的深入发展。     

Teacher‐involved conversations with young children during small group activity

This qualitative study examines the conversations of two preschool teachers with two‐ and three‐year‐old children during small‐group activity settings in two high‐quality child development centers. Using interviews, observations and videotaping of small‐group activities, the conversations are characterized in terms of the kind and function of language, the usage of cognitive demands and the reciprocal nature of these conversations. The findings indicate that teachers use declarative statements primarily to manage instruction and encourage language development. While teachers control most conversations, teacher–child reciprocity is evident and more genuine in authentic, teacher‐guided activities. In both classrooms, the language during small‐group activities is characterized as having low cognitive demands. Teachers and teacher educators need to be more cognizant of their language, including its purpose and opportunities to facilitate cognitively challenging conversations with young children. Recommendations for practice are provided.     

Informal formative assessment: The role of instructional dialogues in assessing students’ learning

This paper focuses on an unceremonious type of formative assessment - informal formative assessment - in which much of what teachers and students do in the classroom can be described as potential assessments that can provide evidence about the students’ level of understanding. More specifically, the paper focuses on assessment conversations, or dialogic interactions or exchanges, which continuously happen in the classroom and that are at the center of informal formative assessment. It is argued that assessment conversations make students’ thinking explicit in an unobtrusive manner, and when students’ thinking is explicit, it can be examined, questioned, and shaped as an active object of constructive learning. The paper conceptualizes informal formative assessment at the center of effective instructional activities with the use of instructional dialogues as assessment conversations, a typical informal formative assessment practice. The paper then presents a discussion about the evidence on the effect of assessment conversations on student learning.     

The Analysis of Discourse Marker and its function in Listening Comprehension of CET-6

This paper focuses on the analysis of long conversations,which is the newly added question type after the CET innovation.By analyzing similarity and difference of markers and functions in short and long conversations,the characteristics of long conversations can be further illustrated.More attention should be paid to discourse markers when practicing long conversations so as to grasp the main idea of dialogue.And this paper also provides inspiration for CET teaching and learning.     

"会话含义"在小说对话中的翻译问题

就格赖斯的合作原则及“会话含义”与小说对话的理解与翻译作初步的探讨。结合这一理论产生会话含义的典型情形，通过考证来自小说《名利场》原作及译品的诸多实例，证明了应用合作原则指导翻译的可行性，同时说明语用等效翻译也是译者追求的标准和目标。