创业孵化平台赋能对资源配置优化的影响基于机制设计视角的案例研究

创业孵化平台是一种通过互联网连接并赋能双边市场,能更好地实现供需资源配置优化的新型商业孵化器。本文运用案例研究方法,以猪八戒网为研究对象,从机制设计理论视角探讨创业孵化平台赋能促进供需双方资源配置优化的过程与机制。结果表明：创业孵化平台赋能机制能有效促进平台与供需双方的资源配置优化,即结构赋能机制激发资源配置的意愿,资源赋能机制创造资源配置的条件,数据赋能机制提升资源配置的效率。本文构建了创业孵化平台赋能机制促进资源配置优化的理论模型,为创业孵化平台实现资源配置优化提供了新的解释逻辑,这对于创业孵化平台高质量发展具有较好的理论价值和实践意义。     

智能制造核心企业如何通过创业孵化实现价值涌现——来自小米生态链企业的嵌入式案例研究

以小米公司对华米、九号、小贝的创业孵化过程为研究对象,运用扎根理论方法进行嵌入式案例研究,探索智能制造核心企业通过创业孵化实现创业生态价值涌现所蕴含的内在机理。智能制造核心企业以数字化赋能为基础,在平台生态情景中形成创业机会识别、创业资源编排、创业观念凝聚等创业孵化能力,在核心企业跨界提升、消费者协同演化以及创业企业生态反哺的作用下实现价值共创,最终形成创业生态的价值涌现,推动生态链企业高速成长。小米通过创业孵化实现创业生态的价值涌现主要有三种范式：华米的“互补导向型”范式、九号的“效率导向型”范式以及小贝的“新颖导向型”范式。     

中国众创空间创新创业效率及其提升路径研究——基于两阶段混联网络DEA与fsQCA方法

众创空间是我国实施“双创”战略的重要载体，提高众创空间创新创业效率是推进“双创”战略的现实需要。本文以我国30个省市为研究对象，考虑众创空间创新创业系统的关联特征，构建了两阶段混联网络DEA模型测度众创空间创新创业效率，然后利用模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）探寻效率提升路径。结果表明：我国众创空间创新创业整体效率全国均值仅为0.584，且至少75%的地区众创空间创新创业整体效率在0.7以下，我国众创空间创新创业效率还有较大提升空间。分阶段来看，招商引资阶段、创业团队孵化培育阶段和企业孵化培育阶段效率均值分别为0.708、0.773和0.818；众创空间创新创业活动各阶段的效率均受政府财政补贴、市场化水平、区域众创空间规模以及创新创业运营成本这4个条件的协同影响，并且这4个条件的不同组态构成了8条效率提升路径，并可以进一步归纳为“市场驱动型”和“政府驱动型”两类模式。招商引资阶段适合“市场驱动型”提升路径，创业团队培育孵化阶段适合“政府驱动型”提升路径，而企业孵化培育阶段兼顾了“市场驱动型”和“政府驱动型”两类提升路径。本文的研究结论不仅有助于准确把握我国众创空间创新创业效率水平，也能够为提升我国众创空间创新创业效率提供价值参考。     

基于战略性新兴产业集群的区域共享平台O2O服务模式北大核心CSSCI

通过对不同创新阶段战略性新兴产业集群创新活动分析,系统归纳战略性新兴产业集群创新需求内容,设计以线上服务申请、线下资源整合与创新服务对接三方面为核心的共享平台O2O服务实现过程,构建区域共享平台O2O服务的标准化与集成化模式,对黑龙江省科技创新创业共享服务平台进行实证研究,并提出相关服务策略,旨在不断提升区域共享平台对战略性新兴产业集群的创新服务效率。     

基于战略性新兴产业集群的区域共享平台O2O服务模式

通过对不同创新阶段战略性新兴产业集群创新活动分析,系统归纳战略性新兴产业集群创新需求内容,设计以线上服务申请、线下资源整合与创新服务对接三方面为核心的共享平台O2O服务实现过程,构建区域共享平台O2O服务的标准化与集成化模式,对黑龙江省科技创新创业共享服务平台进行实证研究,并提出相关服务策略,旨在不断提升区域共享平台对战略性新兴产业集群的创新服务效率。     

创业孵化的本质及其组织模式创新:基于价值网络的视角

孵化组织创新是促进新企业成长的重要机制。本文识别了社会孵化、企业孵化、公共孵化、创意孵化四种主要的孵化组织模式,从价值网络视角概括了四种孵化组织模式的本质与区别;并探索性地对孵化组织模式创新与演化的内在逻辑进行了分析。创业孵化已经成为创新经济最重要的微观经济活动,必须从更加广泛的视野来理解和推动孵化组织模式的创新。     

环广州大学城的全链条创新孵化育成体系建设－－基于创新价值链视角

在对大学城的聚集、互动效应和创新生态系统进行理论分析的基础上,面向广州科技创新和产业升级发展新趋势,从创新价值链视角厘清环广州大学城创新创业优势资源及其生态圈的内在机理,构建环广州大学城的"前孵化器—孵化器—加速器—产业园"全链条创新孵化育成体系,包括从"创意萌芽—创业项目—初创企业—产业聚集"到实现高新技术产业化的过程。进而提出通过改革创新机制体制、构建创新主体协同治理体系和孵化金融服务体系、推进创新孵化国际化布局,从环广州大学城创新创业生态圈的内核系统提升到外核延伸拓展全程构建创新创业孵化运行机制,系统谋划区域创新发展新路径,将创新链更好地融入产业链,拓展科技创新孵化链条的辐射范围,破解科技创新价值困境,为粤港澳大湾区产业转型和经济发展提供高质量技术支撑。     

技术创业型企业与创业平台资源共生演化机理

创业平台和技术创业型企业是原创技术孵化的关键主体,其共生关系的形成对促进技术创新具有重要意义。现有研究聚焦于创业平台对技术创业型企业的单向资源供给,或内部资源整合对个体发展的影响,忽略了资源共生对提高孵化效率、实现价值共创的关键作用。鉴于此,选取Y Combinator、创新工场、概念证明中心进行案例研究,剖析技术创业型企业与创业平台的共生演化机理。研究发现：（1）技术创业型企业与创业平台表现出“寄生→偏利共生→互惠共生→偏利共生→互惠共生”螺旋上升的共生演化过程;（2）多元化资源收益驱动创业平台与技术创业型企业共生关系的形成,其中技术资源收益促使创业平台打破局限于经济收益的互惠共生,步入技术资源拼凑的偏利共生;（3）构建横向创业链和纵向创业链是技术创业型企业和创业平台形成寄生、偏利共生、基于经济收益互惠共生关系的实现路径;创业平台拼凑共生资源、协奏形成资源结构化,并嵌入横、纵创业链集成创业网络,最终实现网络资源获取的互惠共生。研究结论明确了共生资源收益和创业链构建、资源整合对驱动和实现共生演化的关键作用,为形成技术创业型企业和创业平台的互惠共生,促进创业平台向专业型、技术型转化,实现价值共创提供借鉴。     

创业孵化平台价值共创、动态能力与生态优势

创业孵化平台形成了以平台企业主导的创业生态优势,现有文献对其生态优势形成过程尚无有力解释。本文通过小米“投资+孵化”事件的探索性案例分析,以动态能力视角探究创业孵化平台价值共创对生态优势的影响机理。研究发现：创业孵化平台生态优势的影响机理遵循“价值共创-动态能力-生态优势”解释逻辑;它经历了三个阶段：（1）需求共同识别阶段,创业孵化平台与创业企业通过“交流”与“资源识别”促进“机会感知”并实现“生态共生”;（2）产品共同开发阶段,创业孵化平台与创业企业通过“交心”与“资源优化”促进“模式学习”并实现“生态互生”;（3）市场共同推广阶段,创业孵化平台与创业企业通过“交易”与“资源优化”促进“市场重构”并实现“生态再生”。研究结论对我国孵化器转型升级与“双创”高质量发展有重要指导意义。     

数字创业企业如何通过资源编排实现价值创造？——基于数字平台的跨案例研究

数字时代背景下，资源编排如何创造价值开始成为创业理论研究与企业管理实践亟待解决的问题。尽管以往研究解析了数字赋能的资源配置构型创造价值的不同方式，然而，对于在不同价值创造逻辑中每个价值共创者资源、需求的异质性、资源编排过程机制及其异质性尚缺乏深入剖析。采用跨案例研究方法，选择4个本土企业的数字平台，探索在不同数字创业情境下如何进行资源编排实现价值创造，构建资源编排过程模型。研究发现：数字平台可通过集成式资源编排、协作式资源编排、搭桥式资源编排以及赋能式资源编排4种模式实现价值创造，且4种模式在需求—资源识别、资源结构化、资源捆绑和资源利用等子过程中均存在差异性；不同资源编排模式的选择受创业者创业认知、所识别资源与需求匹配逻辑的影响，且不同资源编排模式呈现出异质性的价值创造逻辑；与集成式、协作式资源编排模式相比，搭桥式和赋能式资源编排模式对企业资源要求相对减弱，更有利于构建数字平台的焦点企业应对资源约束。本文对丰富数字创业和价值创造研究、拓展资源编排理论的应用情境与过程模型具有重要的理论价值，对企业如何构建数字平台具有启示意义。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1

The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.