THREE STEPS TO A REVOLUTION

>The author, speaking at the 1979 Conference ‘Television in Society’, reviews the uses of television in education and considers the future as affected by the microelectronics revolution. A redefinition of television itself is only part of a radical series of events involving three major steps: the evolution of microelectronics technology, cheap storage of information and cheap transmission of it over long distances. The consequences for educational television will be manifold, but the problems will remain educational     

从大众高等教育到普及高等教育

新信息技术的发展要求对普及高等教育的本质进行反思 ,并对其所需条件的认识进行更新 ,这涉及到高等教育制度结构和对待高等教育态度的深刻变革。精英形式的高等教育需进行重新定位。本文在比较的背景下主要分析了美国及欧洲社会的高等教育在走向普及形式的过程中面临危机的原因 ,认为美国特有的结构特征和文化特征赋予了其独特优势。而技术发展的不确定性及各国经济、社会结构的差异性决定了通过新技术扩大入学机会将采取不断实验的方式进行     

展望更美好的明天(英文)

随着2010年即将接近尾声,我们今年的Love Our World栏目也将告一段落。在这一年的时间里,我们看到了人类利用自己的聪明才智,在创造了光辉灿烂的文明的同时也造成了许多环境问题。相信我们会认识到且反省人类曾经对环境犯下的错误,并能在将来的日子里竭力纠正。明年我们将探讨科技对人类生活造成的影响与改变,期待你与我们继续同行。     

A PLACE FROM WHERE TO SPEAK: THE UNIVERSITY AND ACADEMIC FREEDOM

ABSTRACT:  the university is promoted as 'a place from where to speak'. Academic freedom is examined as a crucial value in an increasingly uncertain age which resonates with Barnett's concern to encourage students to overcome their 'fear of freedom'. My concern is that the putative university space of freedom and autonomy may well become constricted by those who would limit not just our freedom to speak but also our freedoms to be and to do. Without academic freedom students and teachers, who might be able to fly, will not be permitted to fly. I review issues of academic freedom and free speech raised especially by Berlin, Voltaire, von Humboldt, Mill, Milton and Rorty. I discuss problems raised when free speech is heard by others as harmful and offensive to their beliefs and values. I offer a set of suggestions to ensure that the university may envision itself as a space of freedom, pluralism and tolerance. Finally, I reflect that the university, of all democratic institutions, should be the one which best serves its society as 'a place from where to speak' .     

从少数特权到全民普权:加拿大联邦选举权的扩大

加拿大议会选举制度始于殖民地时代,但是直到20世纪60年代加拿大才真正实现联邦普选。阻碍加拿大联邦选举权扩大的主要因素是英裔当政者保守的政治、社会、种族和宗教理念,推动力量则主要是伴随着工业化而来的工人运动和战争的冲击及影响。加拿大联邦选举权的扩大,经历了复杂的漫长过程,纵向特征以渐进为主,横向透视则显示出极大的不平衡性,这在一定程度上折射出加拿大崇尚改良的政治文化和多样化的国情。     

区域贸易协定的发展及其对中国的启示

区域贸易协定的发展状况对全球经济和政治进程产生了深远的影响。笔者从经济、政治和安全以及其他因素出发,探讨了区域贸易协定发展的动因,分析了其静态和动态效应,指出我国在发展区域贸易协定时应该注意的几个问题：在继续追寻多边利益的前提下积极实施区域贸易协定;选择多元重心与多层次合作的模式;建立签署区域贸易协定的政策预警及评估机制。     

LOST IN TRANSLATION: USING VIDEO ANNOTATION SOFTWARE TO EXAMINE HOW A CLINICAL SUPERVISOR INTERPRETS AND APPLIES A STATE-MANDATED TEACHER ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENT

This case study examines the reasoning of a clinical supervisor as she assesses preservice teacher candidates with a state-mandated performance assessment instrument. The supervisor's evaluations were recorded using video annotation software, which allowed her to record her observations in real-time. The study reveals some of the inherent challenges in clinical supervision and the use of a state's mandated performance rubrics to evaluate teacher competencies. Findings indicate that the clinical supervisor found it difficult to interpret rubric criteria, often made tenuous claims about candidates' performance, and tended to require students to design lessons that were artificial demonstrations of mandated competencies. Findings also suggest that the difficulties faced by the clinical supervisor were likely connected to inadequate professional development regarding the use of the state-mandated performance assessment instrument. The article concludes with a discussion of the need for better professional development for clinical supervisors given their important role in the professional development of tomorrow's teachers and suggests other areas for future research.     

DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOUR AND EXCLUSIONS FROM SCHOOLS: REDEFINING AND RESPONDING TO THE PROBLEM

Behaviourally challenging pupils are a permanent feature of the education culture in the United Kingdom. The realisation that this is not a temporary phenomenon is an important ‘re‐definition’. The problem should be seen as part of normal provision.

Permanent exclusions from school are rising. Causes of behaviour leading to exclusion should not be assumed to originate within the child. Re‐definition requires recognition of their difficulties.

’Market economy’ and stretched resources militate against the ability of schools to implement recommended measures. There are issues for decision‐makers at all levels including targeting resources. Projects show exclusion is costly and damaging. The funding of preventative schemes would enable teachers to teach and not deny pupils their educational rights.     

从教育质量到质量教育的议论-香港特区的经验与教训

教育质量渐渐成为内地教育政策议论中的一个重要议题。在香港特区, 有关教育质素与优质教育的议论已推行了近十年。本文旨在探讨香港特区教育质素政策的发展,并分析有关政策措施带来的一种“核数文化”的后果;继而剖析香港特区推行的优质教育所蕴含着对教育的特定的知识论与本体论的设定;最后应用哈贝马斯对知识旨趣的三种界定,来说明优质教育的三种不同的构思,并揭示现行香港特区所推行的优质教育措施的偏闭与局限。     

PHILOSOPHY AS TRANSLATION: DEMOCRACY AND EDUCATION FROM DEWEY TO CAVELL

A bstract .  Dewey's idea of "mutual national understanding" faces new challenges in the age of globalization, especially in education for global understanding. In this essay Naoko Saito aims to find an alternative idea and language for "mutual national understanding," one that is more attuned to the sensibility of our times. She argues for Stanley Cavell's idea of philosophy as translation as such an alternative. Based upon Cavell's rereading of Thoreau's Walden , Saito represents Thoreau as a cross-cultural figure who transcends cultural and national boundaries. On the strength of this, she proposes a Cavellian education for global citizenship, that is, a perfectionist education for imperfect understanding in acknowledgment of alterity. Our founding of democracy must depend upon a readiness to "deconfound" the culture we have come from, the better to find new foundations together. The "native" is always in transition, by and through language, in processes of translation.     

FULL CIRCUIT: FROM OPEN‐ TO CLOSED‐ AND BACK

Memorial University has been active in the use of educational media since its creation, and operates a public channel, initially broadcast through CBC but now on cable distribution. The author discusses the changes that have occurred over the past few years in the role of television there and describes the interactive element called PLA YBA CK, through which viewers can now access any of 1000 programmes by a telephone call to the control room. The reader is invited to consider the changes in philosophy such developments inevitably entail.     

COSMOPOLITANISM IN RELATION TO THE SELF AND THE OTHER: FROM MICHEL FOUCAULT TO STANLEY CAVELL

Educators, not to mention philosophers of education, find themselves in a difficult position nowadays. They are confronted with problems such as which kind of values one would want citizens to embrace, or to what extent social practices of a particular group may differ from what is generally held. In this essay, Paul Smeyers and Yusef Waghid focus on postmodern critiques, in particular on the position of Michel Foucault as it is relevant for the debate on cosmopolitanism. The authors argue that Foucault's analysis of the self in relation to the other is somewhat contentious, as it seems to invoke an independent ethical self other than a social self. Smeyers and Waghid claim that a more nuanced position regarding this relation can be found in the work of Stanley Cavell. They conclude that encounters with the other should not be seen as a new kind of universalism or Foucauldian subjectivism, but rather as an opening that creates opportunities both for attachment and detachments, that is, for acknowledgment and avoidance.