The Experiences of International and Local Students at Three Australian Universities

In 1992 international fee‐paying and local students currently enrolled at the three tertiary institutions in South Australia were surveyed by a common questionnaire on students’ study‐related and personal experiences, and issues related to students’ choice and subsequent evaluation of their institution. The breadth of the student sample and the comparative data the questionnaire generated present an overarching view of the experiences and evaluations of a diverse range of university students.

The results of the survey show that while international students experience more problems, and experience them to a more serious degree than their Australian counterparts, the nature of the issues which are of most concern are generally shared. These are concerns about financial issues such as access to Austudy for local students, and the level of fees for international students and the ability to find part‐time work for both groups. The other broad group of issues of concern was study related: workload, fear of failure, loss of motivation, doubts about academic ability, nervousness and tension. Notably, in spite of the differences ‐between the three institutions – the University of Adelaide representing a ‘traditional’ university, Flinders University of South Australia, a ‘1960s’ university and the University of South Australia a ‘post‐1987’ university – the student responses across the three institutions were remarkably similar.

In terms of student evaluations of the quality of the education and services provided, Australian students were consistently more likely to rate aspects of teaching more positively than their international counterparts, but for both groups it was evident, particularly in their comments, that aspects of teaching such as the quality of lectures, accessibility of staff, availability of resources and staff: student ratios were of major concern.

The findings lead to the recommendations that universities could improve both local and international student experience by providing clear information about courses and course expectations, by the provision of effective feedback on assignments, by embedding the teaching of academic skills within courses, by increasing course flexibility to enable students to balance study and earning demands, and by ensuring that student support services are adequately resourced.     

Social Support and Demographic Correlates of Acculturative Stress in International Students

A sample of 141 international students from different U.S. colleges completed surveys related to social support, demographic variables, and acculturative stress. Findings indicated that social support and English proficiency uniquely contribute to the variance in students' acculturative stress. Results also indicated that students who primarily socialized with non‐Americans and that students from Asian countries experienced more acculturative stress compared with other subgroups. Implications are discussed and suggestions for counseling practice are provided.     

Korean Students in Australian Universities: Intercultural Issues

This article comes from a study which examines data from the intercultural experience of Korean students studying in Australian universities ‐‐ in particular, their difficulties communicating interculturally in academic settings. The identified difficulties of Korean students are discussed in terms of difficulties in language, styles of teaching and learning, and relationships with peers and teachers. The article explores the significance of different Korean cultural norms in education, such as role expectations, classroom conventions and language use. It also aims to help Australian educators and institutions to contribute towards a better understanding of the difficulties for Korean students involved in the evolving field of intercultural education in Australia. The findings recommend strategies for students, educators and institutions. Such integrated strategies and support programs would enable educators and students to achieve better relationships and greater academic fulfilment.     

略论大学生社会道德内化与高校德育工作

社会道德内化 ,指个体自觉地将社会要求的思想观念和行为规范纳入自身的思想品德结构 ,变为自觉行为的内在力量。大学德育的根本目的 ,就是促进大学生社会道德原则和规范的内化。强化德育的开放和整体意识 ,积极发挥德育客体的主体作用 ,改进德育的内容和方法 ,注意内化与外化的结合 ,是高校德育工作应注意的重要问题     

美国高校学生管理工作的特点

高等学校学生管理是学校整体工作的重要组成部分。文章介绍了美国高校学生管理工作的特点 ,谈了由此的几点启示 :必须加强高等学校的学生教育管理工作 ,坚持主流意识形态的教育和宣传 ;建设一支专业、精干、高效的学生工作队伍 ;继承和创新相结合 ,提高教育的实效性 ;以人为本 ,创造良好的校园文化和环境 ,为学生的健康成长服务     

Asian Students: Their Experiences and Perceptions of Australian Universities

ABSTRACT

Australian universities generate substantial incomes from foreign students. Therefore, it is important to obtain information about these students to enable effective overseas marketing and delivery of services.

This study focused on Asian students, who tend to experience difficulty while studying in Australia, with an effective sample of 111 students being drawn from the three South Australian universities.

Reasons for studying in South Australia varied widely, with evidence of four distinct student segments, but no dominant selection criterion in any segment. Roughly one-quarter of respondents had experienced significant problems living in Australia, including communication, homesickness and loneliness. Significant variation was found with study-related difficulties, with four segments again being identified. Only 17% of respondents had experienced a range of serious study-related problems, including communication and pressure of work, but 40% had experienced serious problems involving fear of failure and expectations from home.

Respondents tended to evaluate university services as only moderately satisfactory.     

当代大学生社会责任心发展特点研究

采用自编大学生社会责任心问卷,调查1798名在校大学生社会责任心状况。结果表明：当代大学生社会责任心发展水平较高,但各维度、因子间发展不均衡;大学生社会责任心与学校性质、年级、是否独生、是否单亲等存在显著差异;普通大学高于重点大学,大一高于大三,非独生高于独生,非单亲高于单亲;大学生社会责任心与性别、家庭来源和父母职业等不存在显著差异。     

新形势下对民办高校社会助学的认识

本文全面地总结了我国自学考试的发展历程和经验,指出了其丰硕的成就和仍存在的问题,并提出了在新形势下的继续发展的对策和建议。     

新入校护理、助产专业学生专业承诺水平及特点

目的:了解新入校护生护理专业承诺水平,分析与护理专业承诺水平相关的影响因素,为提升护生专业承诺水平起着积极的促进和指导作用。方法:采用护理专业承诺量表和基本情况调查表对519名新入校护生进行调查后用SPSS17.0行统计学分析。结果:新入校护生专业承诺总均分为103.42±16.22;是否独生子女、入学层次、就读意愿等因素对专业承诺水平的影响显著(均P<0.05)。结论:新入校护生专业承诺水平较高,新入校护生的个人特点、家庭情况对专业承诺水平均有影响,对新护生的专业承诺水平提高有指导作用。     

The Characteristics and Extent of Participation of Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Students in Regular Classes in Australian Schools

A national randomly selected survey of a sample of deaf and hard-of-hearing students included in regular classes from kindergarten to high school in Australian preschools and schools was conducted via a questionnaire to itinerant teachers working with such students. This article reports the analysis of a questionnaire that surveyed the demographic characteristics of such students and a set of characteristics of their behavior in their placement in terms of "participation" in aspects of regular class activities. These aspects were level of integration, academic participation, level of independence, and social participation. Data are reported and analyzed in terms of the above demographic and participatory characteristics of the students. We consider comparisons with comparable reports from the United States and Great Britain and discuss implications for deaf and hard-of-hearing students included in regular classes.     

普通高校成教全日制学生特点分析及管理对策的思考

本文介绍了普通高校成教全日制学生的特点以及管理中存在的困难和问题,对加强和改进学生管理工作提出了应对措施。     

澳大利亚高校计算机房的建设与管理

通过研究澳大利亚高校在计算机房建设与管理方面的特色,找出与我国高校计算机房建设与管理方面的差异,发现有许多东西有所启迪,值得学习,这对改进我们的机房工作具有积极的意义。     

Effective Cost-Sharing Models in Higher Education: Insights from Low-Income Students in Australian Universities

This study examines the global trend in shifting university costs from national governments to individual students and families, with a specific focus on the existing cost-sharing model in Australian higher education. The research examines the manner in which the availability of income-contingent loans (through the Higher Education Contribution Scheme, or HECS) enters into individual cost assessments and evaluative frameworks during the university exploration and search process of low-income Australian youth, and the resulting lessons that might be applied to other national contexts. Semi-structured interviews with 16 participants addressed a broad range of issues related to the development of educational aspirations, and how beliefs and attitudes about cost influenced participants’ understanding and decision-making regarding tertiary enrollment and post-graduate plans. A number of discreet and related themes emerged from analysis of the interviews, including motivations for attending university; pre-university cost considerations; self-assessments of skills, abilities, and personal traits and characteristics; general financial orientation; pre-university experiences and influences; and the role of others including family, peers, teachers and other school staff. The author concludes that the Australian system is worthy of consideration by other nations as a possible mechanism for enhancing access to higher education for individuals who might otherwise not possess the opportunity to participate.     

院校合作培养心血管专业方向护生的实践探索

心血管专科护士的日常护理工作在心血管疾病的治疗和康复过程中起着重要的作用。但目前我国高校心血管专业方向护生培养还存在人才培养方案不够科学、师资缺乏、实践设备设施不足等问题。武汉亚心医院与相关高校在合作培养心血管专业方向护生的实践中,共同制定人才培养方案、共同进行课程体系设计、共同编写教材、共同探讨教学模式、共同设计教学方法、共同检讨教学效果等,收到了较好的成效。     

以社会贡献界定卓越科研:澳大利亚大学的社会互动与影响力评价

随着知识生产模式的现代转型,大学科研活动面临日益加重的社会问责,科研评价关注的焦点逐渐从重视科研数量与质量的内部评价转向注重科研社会贡献度与影响力的外部评价。在大学卓越科研评估的基础上,2018年澳大利亚政府引入了社会互动与影响力评价。作为大学卓越科研评估的配套评价机制,社会互动与影响力评价以其更加精细化、立体化的指标体系设计,引导大学在科研活动全过程中积极与政府、产业及社会进行互动和协作,较好地兼顾了结果评价与过程评价,突出了社会贡献能力培育与机制建设,充分挖掘了科研评价的激励与导向作用。借鉴社会互动与影响力评价的评估思路,我国在清理“五唯”的过程中应明确建立质量与贡献并重的科研绩效评价体系,对大学科研的社会互动过程与实际贡献给予更多关注。     

Alcohol Use Among Business Students: Demographic,Personality, and Social Correlates of Increased Consumption

This article aims to investigate drinking patterns among business students, and dispositional (e.g., demographics) and social factors (e.g., norms of alcohol use) that may explain differences in alcohol consumption between business and non-business students. Students in Bergen, Norway, were invited to participate in a survey. The sample consisted of 11,236 students. Binary logistic regressions were run to examine the relationship between institutional affiliation and alcohol use when controlling for covariates associated with alcohol use. Business students had higher alcohol consumption than other students, and shared several dispositional and social factors known to predict alcohol use. The heightened alcohol use among business students can partly be explained by dispositional factors, but seems mostly related to social norms and attitudes.     

大学生的自尊、抑郁特点及其关系

采用Rosenberg(1965)自尊量表和流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)对913名不同性别、不同来源、不同学科、不同年级的大学生进行调查.结果发现:(1)大学生自尊整体状况良好;不同性别、不同来源、不同年级的大学生自尊差异均未达统计学上的显著性;文科大学生的自尊比理科大学生更低且具有统计学的显著意义.(2)大学生的抑郁检出率较高(44.5%);抑郁的性别差异、文理科差异及城乡差异均未达到统计学显著性;大一学生抑郁状态高于大二、大三学生且达到了统计学显著性.(3)大学生的自尊与抑郁呈统计学上非常显著的负相关.     

高校研究生的身份定位

研究生是大学校园中一群特殊的学生,正是由于这种特殊性,使得当前诸多研究生的身份定位出现了不同类型的偏差。在读的研究生是未来社会发展的生力军,应该是生气勃勃、充满创新能力和创新精神、为社会的进步和发展而思考的现代人。因此,必须以思辨、创新与服务来定位研究生的特殊知识分子身份。     

夯实高校涉外护理专业学生英语写作基础探赜

涉外护理专业学生须具备英语听说读写译的能力,其中的写作能力尤为重要。教师应重视夯实涉外护理专业学生的英语写作基础,以培养更多高素质的涉外护理专业人才。教师可从培养学生的应用能力、强化学生的英汉互译能力、提高学生的写作语料储备量、开拓学生的文化知识视野入手,夯实涉外护理专业学生的英语写作基础。