Education,Modernity and Neo‐consewative School Reform in Canada,Britain and the US

Conservative critiques of education and proposals for reform show striking similarities in Canada, Britain and the US. All seem to reflect what Habermas referred to as “the affirmative stance towards social modernity and the denigration of cultural modernity”. The paper uses this distinction to describe and analyse New Right criticisms of educational progressivism and conservative efforts to promote a new sympathy for business values, market discipline and market relations in schools and colleges.     

英美教育状况

英国和美国的教育事业发达，两国政府对青少年实行强制性的义务教育（compulsory eduction）。在英国，法律规定5岁（北爱尔兰为4岁）到16岁的孩子必须接受全日制教育。     

英国的出版教育

当今世界出版业的商业和技术环境发生了较大的变化，因此为将进入出版业的大学生建立出版专业的职前教育和为已经从事出版工作的人员建立出版专业的继续教育显得极为重要。出版教育课程设置的目标包含：出版知识的理解与掌握，出版专业技能和其它一般技能。文章着重介绍了英国出版教育，特别是牛津布鲁克斯大学出版教育的课程及其特色。     

英国公立教育与私立教育的共存

文章主要介绍与分析了英国战后50年内私立教育与公立教育的共存嬗变,以及现阶段英国政界关于这两类教育之间的共存关系和家长择校的实施等问题的不同观点。这对我国处理公立教育与私立教育之间的关系具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Public Administration Education in Britain

Abstract

Students, quality assessment bodies established by the Government to determine output‐related funding, and other groups in society are placing more and more pressure on tertiary institutions to improve the quality of their teaching practices. Some institutions are responding to this pressure by implementing student‐centred approaches to teaching, where the students and course leaders become equal partners in determining the course work assessment process, teaching methods and learning outcomes. To a certain extent the learning outcomes are set by the Government's quality assessment bodies. However the course work assessment process, teaching methods and interpretation of these pre‐specified learning outcomes, can still be negotiated with the students in a student‐centred manner.

Many disciplines in tertiary institutions currently face, or can expect to face in the future, extremely large class sizes. Many argue that it is not possible to implement a student‐centred approach in the large class setting. Indeed, they suggest that there is a negative relationship between class size and the quality of the learning experience.

This paper examines the application of a student‐centred approach to a final year business studies course involving over 100 students completing their BSc (Hons). A survey of the students at the end of the year indicated that, relative to the other courses being taken by the students, this course achieved an unusual treble: higher levels of student learning, higher student workload, and yet, higher levels of student enjoyment. These results would tend to dispel the myth that student‐centred approaches can only be successful in the smaller class setting.     

英国职业教育与学历教育的H型结构

20世纪60年代以来,英国教育改革的主线是以人为本,提高职业教育的整体地位,缩小职业教育与学历教育的差距,构建两者之间"同等重视、并行发展、相互贯通"的H型结构,使得终身教育体系不断得以完善。     

关于高等教育学科研究与建设的思考

高等教育学的实践性决定了高等教育研究的理论作用、价值意义和研究方法的科学性。高等教育学科是认识主体在高等教育事业发展需要、教育的内部矛盾及其相关学科的协同效应等推动下逐步建立和成熟的。因此 ,加强队伍建设、找准研究问题、探索研究方法是当前本学科研究与建设之要务     

英国职业教育的市场化

英国职业教育的市场化经历了一个反复、曲折的过程,政府在职业教育市场化的过程中始终发挥政策导向与宏观调控作用。法律推进职业教育市场化的构建,建立与市场需求结合紧密的职业教育课程模式,取消双重制、构建统一的教育市场和促使职业教育机构的办学走向市场是英国职业教育市场化的主要形式。     

英国成人教育的立法

长期以来,英国有关成人教育的法律法规条款散见在其它一些法律法规之中,在这些法律法规中都对成人教育有着明确的规定。通过以上法律法规,英国从法律上确认了成人教育的地位和作用,规定了政府及各部门对成人教育应承担的责任与职责,保证了成人教育的财政拨款,所有这些都为英国成人教育的实施提供了保障,从而使英国的成人教育得以顺利发展。     

英国职业教育与学习型社会

学习型社会是终身学习、全民学习、开放学习、多样化学习的社会。在这种社会中。职业知识和技能是学习的主要内容,职业教育较之传统社会在教育对象、教育时间和场所、教育形式方面都有了巨大的变化。因应这种时代潮流,英国职业教育作为学习型社会终身教育的大平台,在推广终身学习理念和实践终身学习理想方面做了一系列有益的尝试。     

Gifted Education and Counselling in Canada

Education in Canada is determined at the provincial level of jurisdiction. Each province and territory has a unique system of legislation and policy, although most provinces view the education of gifted students as a category of service provision under special education. The first section of this paper provides a brief, general overview of key themes that emerge from an analysis of the relevant Education Ministry documents and literature concerning gifted education and counselling within the Canadian context. Where appropriate, the particular province(s) and/or territory(s) associated with the themes is noted. The second section highlights the work of Canadian scholars most relevant to counsellors working with gifted students. A brief review of recommended counselling needs, goals, and practices for the gifted is presented in the conclusion.     

试论我国高校创业教育体系的构建

一、高校创业教育的观念建构观念革新是改革的先导,针对当前创业教育实践中存在的认识不足问题,笔者建议高校召开教育思想观念大讨论动员会,在高校领导和教师层面进行下述两个方面的观念革新:(一)创业教育是创造性落实新时期教育方针的需要“坚持教育为社会主义现代化建设服务,为人民服务,与生产劳动相结合,培养社会主义的建设者和接班人”。这是十六大重申的教育方针。在知识经济时代,高校鼓励拥有高级知识资本的大学生自主创业,有助于创造性落实新时期教育方针:(1)创业不仅能够解决个人的就业问题,而且可以为他人提供就业岗位,同时增加社…     

Trade Union Education in Canada

Encouraging adults to undertake critical reflection is one of the most frequently espoused aims of graduate programmes of adult education. A considerable body of adult educational literature has been produced in this area, most of it focusing on conceptual analysis or on debate reflecting the strains between progressive, humanistic and liberal interpretations of these processes and radical, critical, socialist interpretations. Missing from the debate surrounding critical reflection as an adult capacity has been attention to the way adults feel their way through critically reflective episodes ‐ to understanding the visceral, emotive dimensions of this process. This paper uses Marton's concept of phenomenography ‐ the exploration and portrayal of how learners experience and interpret learning ‐ to outline a phenomenography of critical reflection as it pertains to one group of adults who happen to be adult educators. Five themes emerge from journals, conversations and autobiographies: impostorship (the sense that participating in critical thought is an act of bad faith), cultural suicide (the recognition that challenging conventional assumptions risks cutting people off from the cultures that have defined and sustained them up to that point in their lives), lost innocence (the move from dualistic certainty toward dialectical and multiplistic modes of reasoning), roadrunning (the incrementally fluctuating flirtation with new modes of thought and being) and community (the importance of a sustaining support group to those in critical process). The paper elaborates these themes and describes how developmental activities for adult educators in critical process can be grounded in participation in critical conversations within learning communities.     

英国多元文化教育及其面临的挑战

英国是一个多民族、多元文化社会。二战之后,特别是20世纪五六十年代,大量移民涌入英国,教育系统内部和社会的反应变化多端,开始是抵制,经过同化和融合,多元文化主义最后发展到反种族主义。但是,在20世纪七八十年代,特别是1988年教育改革法通过之后及随后的政策变化导致了多元文化教育及反种族主义教育的倒退。1997年,新工党以压倒性优势赢得了大选。新工党政府的言辞多少有点更令人对前途充满信心,但是任何具体的政策或者说特别关注多元文化的反种族主义教育的实践尚需拭目以待。     

英国的多元文化教育与公民教育

全球化和多元化对许多国家的发展带来重要影响,同时也要求这些国家的教育适应其人口多元化的发展.过去60年英国也在致力于探寻一条适应其人口多元化发展的路径.人口的多元化发展,不仅要求课程设置进行改革,也要求教师培养方式的转变.然而这种由人口多元化带来的差异与统一的国家和公民身份融合仍显得比较困难.     

加拿大努纳武特地区的多元文化教育

1999年4月1日正式建区的努纳武特地区是加拿大最年轻的省级行政区,这里的多元文化教育的发展,具有因纽特民族和北极地域特征而形成的特殊性.本文从宏观和微观两个纬度,阐述各级政府及社团在其中所发挥的作用以及地区教育机构和学校所实施的具体举措,借此为多元文化教育的研究丰富新内容扩展新视域.