Research and Theory as Necessary Tools for Organizational Training and Performance Improvement Practitioners

Human Performance Technology (HPT) is the applied study and practice of improving organizational performance through training and non-training interventions. For practitioners working in this area that identify themselves as an HPT practitioner, organizational training and performance (OTP) specialist, or instructional designer—offering the right intervention set requires understanding of how humans work and function internally and within organizations that are bounded by environmental, societal, and economic realities. The HPT field is rooted in a multi-disciplinary knowledge base and has its own models and theories, which are generally developed by practitioners to guide their practice. Because HPT follows a systematic, data-driven process akin to action research, HPT practitioners are applied researchers even if they do not see themselves as such. What we need is more collaboration between scholars, practitioners, professional associations, and businesses to create a culture of engagement and involve everybody in the validation of applied research and theory development.     

化学学困生心理透视及转化策略

根据化学学科的特点和学困生的心理特点,在教学中关心爱护学生,全方位培养学生学习化学的兴趣、实行分层次教学法,因材施教,给学生以目标激励以及塑造学生良好的学习行为,引导学生有效的学习是转化差生的有效途径.     

Object‐Oriented Performance Improvement

In this paper, a framework to support an object‐oriented approach to performance analysis is described. The framework includes the use of collaboration, automation, visual modeling, and reusable repositories of analysis knowledge. The need for a new framework is related to the increasing concern with the cost effectiveness of student and employee development. Efforts to improve the return‐on‐investment in such development have been hindered by a craft orientation to the design and construction of learning and performance support materials. One solution to this problem has been to enhance the reuse of such materials. Rather than build every new system from scratch in a craft‐oriented manner, it is envisioned that systems will be constructed largely of standardized, reusable objects shared through Web‐based repositories. Currently, the main focus is on the technological framework necessary for an object‐based approach to learning system development. There appears to be little consideration of the changes in analysis and design thinking required for the move towards object‐based systems. Such systems should still be required to be directly linked to performance problems and opportunities at both the organizational and individual system levels.     

Illustrating the Impact of Performance Measurement Systems on Organizational Performance: The Blue‐Green Game

Business students are thoroughly schooled about the importance of measurement systems that, by their very nature, are designed to accurately measure the past performance of organizations, departments, and individuals. This article describes a team‐based, active‐learning exercise that clearly illustrates an additional important and often underemphasized aspect of performance measurement systems—their influence on individuals’ future behaviors and organizations’ future performance.     

试论大学生政治心理素质的培养与提高

政治心理素质是大学生政治素质的基础。良好的个体政治心理素质，能帮助大学生对政治范畴形成正确的认识，以正确的观点和方法积极有效地参与政治生活，并保证社会政治心理状况的健康向上。加强政治观教育，通过政治社会化来提高大学生的政治心理素质，是高等学校思想政治教育工作的重要方面。     

格式塔心理学在艺术实践中的应用

格式塔心理学所涵盖的美学思想主要表现在整体论,动力场论和异质同形说三个方面,通过对其介绍,来解析生活和审美创新活动中的有关问题,可为我们分析与欣赏艺术作品提供一个崭新视角。     

Promoting Completion Through Organizational Development and Process Improvement

In 2007, Tulsa Community College (TCC) joined the national Achieving the Dream (ATD) network, which is dedicated to developing data-informed interventions to increase persistence and completion among community college students. TCC’s participation in the national initiative set it down a path for positive institutional change, but it was the College’s restructuring of their internal work teams and their process improvements since 2011–2012 that have resulted in a sustainable system that will help retain knowledge and ensure successful leadership transitions. In 2013, TCC rebranded its modified ATD system as Completing the Dream, combining the goals of Complete College America with the action research principles of Achieving the Dream. Because of these efforts, the College is in a stronger position today than it has ever been to serve our students using evidence-based strategies, ultimately resulting in more college-educated citizens in the Tulsa area.     

教育场域中的制度同形与组织绩效

依据新制度主义分析视角,教育场域中的高校运行于高度制度化的组织环境,高校对制度理性的仪式性遵从导致了场域中惊人的制度同形.但是,高校藉此确立自身合法地位的制度同形过程,与以竞争和绩效为导向的不确定性技术活动存在强烈冲突,为解决这一冲突,高校有必要通过结构要素脱藕与关注信心逻辑来达成合法性与组织绩效的适度平衡.     

新课程背景下高师公共心理学课程延伸实践探索

从心理健康教育视角，对高师心理学课程改革进行了新的实践探索。在新课程背景下，借助公共心理学平台加强对大学生的心理健康教育，使公共心理学课程得到有效的延伸和扩展。     

Teacher Testing and the Improvement of Practice

Previous approaches to teacher testing have been criticized for poorly representing the knowledge base for teaching, for oversimplifying teaching decisions, and for lacking criterion-related validity evidence supporting their use. A new generation of teacher assessments has been developed in the United States through the efforts of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards and a corollary organization of more than 30 states. These performance-based assessments use videotapes of teachers' practice, examples of lessons and assessments, samples of student work, and analyses of classroom events and outcomes to provide evidence about teaching. Early research on the effects of these assessments suggests that they may be more valid measures of teacher knowledge and skill and that they may help teachers improve their practice. The stimulus to teacher learning appears to occur through task structures that require teachers to learn new content and teaching strategies as part of their demonstration of performance and through the processes of required reflection about the relationships between learning and teaching.     

Impacts of Organizational Culture on the Practice of Management

Organizational culture has received increasing attention in recent years both from academics and practioners. Many researchers have confirmed the influence of values on management theories. Barney regards organizational culture as a significant element in creating and implementing the best strategy for competitive advantage. Every thing has pros and cons, organization culture is no exception, and problems caused by organizational culture must be recognized as well, such as barriers to mergers and acquisitions.     

音乐表演心理初探

音乐表演是音乐艺术的再创作。这一再创作的过程实际上是表演者对音乐作品的解构和重构的过程。音乐表演的成功与否,和表演者的心理有着密切的关系,其中气质、情感、意志三种心理因素对音乐表演的影响最为直接。气质决定音乐表演的艺术风格,情感激活作品的艺术内涵,而意志则是确保音乐表演活动完整、得体的保障机制。