一个SNP问题的多项式时间算法

讨论关于单体型的无间隙的最小单核苷酸多态性位点的移去问题.通过分析其对应图模型的性质讨论问题等价形式;证明求解该问题等价于求对应图的最大独立集与独立数;给出求最大独立集与独立数的算法,从而得到此问题的有效的多项式时间算法.     

基于二次插值法的布谷鸟搜索算法研究

对基本的布谷鸟搜索算法(Cuckoo Search,CS)进行研究,为改进CS算法局部搜索能力差、进化后期收敛速度慢、求解精度低等缺陷,考虑到二次插值法是一种局部搜索能力较强的搜索方法,提出一种基于二次插值法的布谷鸟搜索算法(QI_CS)。新算法充分利用鸟窝个体局部的优化信息,增强算法的局部搜索能力,加快算法搜索全局最优解的收敛速度。仿真实验结果表明,QI_CS算法在保持原算法的强大全局寻优能力的基础上大幅提高算法的收敛能力和求解精度,是求解多峰函数优化问题的一种可行和有效的方法。     

动态规划法及其在矩阵链乘问题上的应用研究

动态规划法是求解最优化问题的一种方法,本文主要研究其求解问题的基本思想及具体步骤,详细分析其用于矩阵链乘问题上的算法设计,并给出其算法实现.     

基于分解的混合多目标进化算法在供水调度系统中的应用

建立了供水调度模型,利用基于分解的多目标进化算法,首先将供水调度问题分解为若干单目标,然后根据分布估计的思想对各个单目标建立概率模型,通过采样产生新的个体。利用非支配排序法进行选择,得到最优解。实验表明,该算法对求解供水调度优化问题具有较好的多样性和均匀性,并且降低了算法的计算复杂度。     

对旅游本质研究方法论的思考

对相关概念认识的不统一及研究视角的不同,是导致学界在旅游本质问题上长期存在分歧的重要原因。胡塞尔有关"本质"层级的论述,为这一问题的研究提供了有价值的思考。旅游本质研究的起点应是旅游的"单个体"本质,"旅游"之内涵则是指"旅游活动",研究的视角应是哲学的视角,即时空视角。     

浙江高考理综近5年物理计算第一题“从单体到多体”赏析

正浙江高考理综近5年物理计算题第一题情景往往包含单个或多个研究对象,各对象同时参与一个或多个物理过程,且各对象、各过程间相互作用、相互牵连、相互影响建构成一个物理问题.当然由于受试题难度限制和对学生能力考虑,研究对象一般为1或2个,过程为运动类型的组合,具体为:匀速运动、匀变速直线运动、平抛运动和圆周运动.一、单体运动问题1.研究对象为单体、单过程直线运动例1【2011年浙江第23题】如图1所示,在水平面上固定有长L=2 m、宽d=1 m的金属"U"型轨导,在"U"型导轨右     

基于正弦余弦的自适应教与学优化算法

为了克服教与学优化算法求解精度低、早熟收敛问题,提出了一种新的基于正弦余弦的自适应改进教与学优化算法（ASCTLBO）。该算法在教学阶段,提出新的自适应教学因子,引入自适应惯性权重,使得当前个体向全局最优个体学习,增强了算法的局部搜索能力。在学习阶段利用正弦余弦函数的震荡变化性质对学习者个体位置进行自适应更新,维持种群的多样性,增强算法全局搜索能力。数值试验表明,提出的新算法是有效的,具有较好的收敛速度和求解精度。     

对差生转化工作的一点尝试

转变差生,提高教学质量,是每一位教师都必须面对和研究的问题。我在教学实践中发现差生大致可分为双差生(指成绩和个体品德都较差的学生),单差生(指成绩较差,个体品德还可以的学生)。其中单差生大体还可分为以下几     

运用整体法和隔离法解牛顿第二定律问题

【概念辨析】 对于由两个以上物体组成的系统力学问题的求解方法主要有两种：一种是隔离法，另一种是整体法．整体法是指对物理问题中的整个系统或整个过程进行分析、研究的方法．隔离法是指对物理问题中的单个物体或单个过程进行分析、研究的方法．一般情况下整体法和隔离法应配合使用，但涉及加速度的计算时用整体法会比较简便，涉及分析系统内各部分之间作用力时必须用隔离法．     

自适应信息反馈模型改进的MOEA/D算法

为了提高MOEA/D算法求解大规模高维多目标优化问题的能力,本文提出一种基于自适应信息反馈机制改进的MOEA/D算法,其基本思想是根据信息反馈原理,将当前代第k个个体与用MOEA/D算法求得的第i个个体加权平均后作为下一代第i个个体。k的选取有指定和随机两种方式,可以根据目标函数的梯度自适应地选择。采用标准的测试函数来评测改进后的算法的性能。结果表明,改进后的MOEA/D算法在收敛性方面有明显的提高。     

新品系小麦赤霉病抗性的研究

以禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium gram inearum Schwabe)菌株同年在大田和网室进行穗部单花滴注接种,评价江苏省农科院遗传农业生物遗传生理研究所新育成的14个新品系赤霉病抗性及白粉病田间发病情况.结果表明,所有新品系赤霉病抗性均表现出抗或中抗水平,利用与已报道的与赤霉病抗性QTL相关SSR引物对新品系进行PCR扩增,单倍型分析n1004在3BSc和4B上具有与苏麦3号完全一致的位点,n1005在2D和6B染色体上具有与苏麦3号一致的位点,在4B染色体是具有与望水白一致的位点.     

Reading and Generalist Genes

ABSTRACT— Twin-study research suggests that many (but not all) of the same genes contribute to genetic influence on diverse learning abilities and disabilities, a hypothesis called generalist genes . This generalist genes hypothesis was tested using a set of 10 DNA markers (single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]) found to be associated with early reading ability in a study of 4,258 7-year-old children that screened 100,000 SNPs. Using the same sample, we show that this early reading SNP set also correlates with other aspects of literacy, components of mathematics, and more general cognitive abilities. These results provide support for the generalist genes hypothesis. Although the effect size of the current SNP set is small, such SNP sets could eventually be used to predict genetic risk for learning disabilities as well as to prescribe genetically tailored intervention and prevention programs.     

关联分析在林木改良育种中的作用

林木生长周期长,遗传背景复杂等独有的特点,影响了遗传改良的进程。作为第三代分子标记——SNP具有双等住性,丰富度高,较低的突变率,易于自动化分析等特点,通过LD作图,可构建高分辨率的遗传图谱。在功能基因组研究中有重要的作用,加速林木育种技术的革新。     

水稻米香基因的初步定位

香味是水稻重要食味品质性状之一,但稻米香味的遗传甚为复杂.早有报道水稻米香基因位于第八条染色体上且与RFLP标记RG28紧密连锁.本实验通过水稻籼粳亚种之间的杂交,利用SSR(Simple Sequence Repeat)分子标记的方法对水稻米香基因进行初步定位.结果表明:稻米香味性状受一对隐性基因控制,且位于第八条染色体SSR标记RM8264和RM1109之间,其遗传距离大约2.1cM.这一结果将对于米香基因的精细定位提供了重要依据.     

Single cell degenerate oligonucleotide primer-PCR and comparative genomic hybridization with modified control reference

For investigating the possibility of applying degenerate oligonucleotide primer PCR (DOP-PCR) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) technique to analyses of genomic genetics in a single cell, the whole genomic DNA of a single cell with XX, XY, XO, XXY, +13 or +21 was amplified by DOP-PCR. Single cell DOP-PCR CGHs with conventional and modified control references, the genomic DNA and a single cell DOP-PCR product from normal male, were carried out respectively. The results showed that the average profile of the fluorescence intensity ratio in CGH with the genomic DNA as reference fluctuates much and that the standard deviation in about 30% haploid is beyond the normal limits. False positive hyper-representation was found to exist in X chromosome while trisomy 13 and 21 were not detected. However, the distributions of the mean and the standard deviation of the ratio in the CGH with DOP-PCR product as reference were quite acceptable. The copy number changes of chromosome X, Y, 13 and 21 were revealed. Those results suggested that there is unrandom unequal amplification in a single cell DOP-PCR. Using a single DOP-PCR product as reference can decrease its influence on CGH. Single cell DOP-PCR-CGH and its application in the genetic analyses of preimplantation embryo or fetal cell in maternal blood may be possible.     

SINGLE CELL DEGENERATE OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PRIMER-PCR AND COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION WITH MODIFIED CONTROL REFERENCE

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基于遗传算法的染色体医学图像处理研究

生物医学图像的数字化处理是医学领域中的一个重要的发展方向。其中染色体的自动分析是细胞遗传学研究中急需解决的问题,文中针对自动分析中的前期图像处理提出了基于遗传算法的染色体图像分割方法,该方法充分考虑了待分割染色体的数量及人类显带染色体被明暗交迭的带纹分割为若干不连续的片段等特点。从实验结果可以看出,此方法具有分割速度快、鲁棒性好等优点。     

The Utility of Chromosomal Microarray Analysis in Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics

Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) has emerged as a powerful new tool to identify genomic abnormalities associated with a wide range of developmental disabilities including congenital malformations, cognitive impairment, and behavioral abnormalities. CMA includes array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, both of which are useful for detection of genomic copy number variants (CNV) such as microdeletions and microduplications. The frequency of disease‐causing CNVs is highest (20%–25%) in children with moderate to severe intellectual disability accompanied by malformations or dysmorphic features. Disease‐causing CNVs are found in 5%–10% of cases of autism, being more frequent in severe phenotypes. CMA has replaced Giemsa‐banded karyotype as the first‐tier test for genetic evaluation of children with developmental and behavioral disabilities.     

Improved Genetic Algorithm and its Performance Analysis

Although genetic algorithm has become very famous with its global searching,parallel computing,better robustness,and not needing differential information during evolution.However,it also has some demerits,such as slow convergence speed.In this paper,based on several general theorems,an improved genetic algorithm using variant chromosome length and probability of crossover and mutation is proposed,and its main idea is as follows:at the beginning of evolution,our solution with shorter length chromosome and higher probability of crossover and mutation;and at the vicinity of global optimum,with longer length chromosome and lower probability of crossover and mutation.Finally,testing with some critical functions shows that our solution can improve the convergence speed of genetic algorithm significantly,its comprehensive performance is better than that of the genetic algorithm which only reserves best individual.     

智能多目标网络设计软件系统的研制

计算技术的飞速发展使大规模的显示模拟成为可能，而针对社会和生物现象的模拟，对人类认识自身及其环境具有重大意义，进化是其中最为诱人的领域之一。人的智能是从哪里来的?归根结底是从生物进化中得来的，反映在遗传基因中，脑的结构变化也是通过基因的变化一代代遗传下来。