Examination of a Group Counseling Model of Career Decision Making With College Students

The authors examined the effectiveness of a group career counseling model (Pyle, 2007 ) on college students’ career decision‐making abilities. They used a Solomon 4‐group design and found that students who participated in the career counseling groups had significantly greater increases in career decision‐making abilities than those who did not participate in the groups. Implications for counseling and future research are discussed.     

The Systems Theory Framework of Career Development and Counseling: Connecting Theory and Practice

The practice of career counseling has been derived from principles of career theory and counseling theory. In recent times, the fields of both career and counseling theory have undergone considerable change. This article details the move toward convergence in career theory, and the subsequent development of the Systems Theory Framework in this domain. The importance of this development to connecting theory and practice in the field of career counseling is discussed.     

Career counseling centers in higher education: A study of cross-cultural applications from the United States to Korea

Interest in career development and career counseling is growing in Korea. Nevertheless, neither the research nor the literature adequately address the question as to what applications can be cross-culturally transferred from career counseling centers in the United States to Korea. This study qualitatively examines the practice of career counseling in seven university career counseling centers in the United States in a search for concepts and methods that may be cross-culturally applied to Korean universities. Nine categories of data emerged in our qualitative analysis of information gathered: (a) types of systems; (b) staff; (c) services provided; (d) career assessments; (e) alumni networks; (f) workshops and outreach; (g) publicity; (h) information technology; and (i) facilities. Applications and ideas for the Korean context, limitations, and suggestions for future research are discussed.     

School Counselors' Perceptions of Career Counseling and Career Testing: Preferences, Priorities, and Predictors

Limited information on the actual and preferred career counseling and career testing activities of school counselors exists. An analysis of a statewide school counselors' survey revealed career counseling and testing preferences, priorities and predictors. Results revealed counselors preferred trait/factor approaches to career counseling, including Holland's RIASEC theory, Person-Environment-Correspondence theory and Cognitive Information Processing theory, respectively. With respect to career counseling and career testing priorities, means comparisons indicated that elementary, middle, and high school counselors' actual time performing career counseling duties is minimal; however, they desire to spend significantly more time on career counseling and testing. Multiple regressions revealed important predictor variables for actual and ideal time spent on career counseling and career testing. Limitations and recommendations for further research are discussed.     

Examining the Process and Outcome of Career Counseling for Different Types of Career Counseling Clients

Using cluster analysis, we identified two types of career counseling clients: (a) Clients with moderate levels of career-related distress, discomfort, and uncertainty and (b) clients with high levels of career concerns, personal distress, and stigma about career counseling. The more distressed group expressed lower evaluations of a career counseling session and perceived their counselors as providing fewer action-oriented counseling skills than the less distressed group. No differences emerged in terms of client's perceptions of the therapeutic relationship. The practical implications and limitations of these results are discussed.     

Family therapy perspectives on anxiety manifestation in career counseling: A case illustration with an adolescent

Little is known about the origins of anxiety manifested in the career counseling process. Through a case illustration, this article highlights the appropriateness of using functional family therapy (FFT) principles in career counseling sessions to assess the family dynamics involved in this issue. The discussion emphasizes seven suggestions: (1) this anxiety is not necessarily easily recognizable and (2) is not limited to the career choice; this anxiety may be related to (3) separation anxiety, (4) parenting, (5) antecedent of family traumatic event, or (6) paradoxical injunctions; and (7) this anxiety can be treated through autonomy support.     

Applying Existential Theory and Intervention to Career Decision-Making

This paper presents a four-stage model of career decision-making based on an existential theoretical perspective. Existential themes such as freedom, responsibility, meaning, and authenticity are examined for their applicability to career decision-making across the life span. The author submits that career satisfaction and stability is obtained when there is a correspondence between the vocation and the meaning and opportunities for authentic existence that the vocation provides. Failure to acquire opportunities for meaning and authentic existence in individual's occupations result in an existential vacuum and existential guilt, respectively. Conceptualization of career decision- making from an existential perspective may be particularly beneficial for individuals making mid-career changes. Case studies are provided to elucidate the stages of the model and to specify the career counseling interventions that are most relevant for the various stages. Research implications as well as limitations of this model are also discussed.     

National survey of career development functions of practicing school psychologists

Three hundred sixty-four (364) practicing school psychologists were surveyed about involvement in career development functions. Responses were analyzed using multiple regressions and correlated t-tests. Findings reveal school psychologists to be interested in career development functions, with particular interest in career counseling; they are minimally involved in career assessment, counseling, and consultation. Ninety percent of respondents felt unprepared to participate in vocationally related job responsibilities. School psychology should prepare its members for involvement in career development. Means of accomplishing greater participation were discussed.     

Innovations in Career Counseling

The work world is now full of uncertainty and change as a result of forces such as globalization, downsizing, advancing technology, and increased diversity in the work force. Further, people cannot count on maintaining a job with one company, or even one career, throughout their work lives. In order to meet clients' needs, career counselors must utilize approaches that are compatible with these realities. We review a set of approaches for career counseling that should be effective for clients now and into the future. Specifically, we argue for a holistic approach to career counseling, use of the Personal Career Theory as a client-centered approach to counseling sessions, incorporating creative interventions that draw upon chance events and flexible decision-making, and an emphasis on building interpersonal skills and relationships. We conclude with a summary of recommendations for career counseling practice.     

Combining Career and Couples Counseling for College Students: A Narrative Approach

Career and personal counseling have been dichotomized as distinct practices in much of the counseling literature. However, many college students seek counseling for career development and romantic relationship issues occurring concomitantly. A model for addressing career and relationship issues with heterosexual college couples in a group format is presented. An approach grounded in narrative theory is described, and case examples are provided to illustrate the model.     

Preparing Counselors to Advocate for Social Justice: A Liberation Model

There are few pedagogical resources that describe how counselor educators can prepare counseling students to advocate for social justice. This article highlights a constructivist approach to social justice advocacy training called the Liberation Model. The principles of the Liberation Model are discussed, and recommendations for implementing the model in graduate counseling courses are provided. The purpose of the model is to help students develop the knowledge, awareness, and skills necessary for social justice advocacy.     

Predicting career development in hard-of-hearing adolescents in Australia

This article reports on a study investigating the career development of hard-of-hearing high school students attending regular classes with itinerant teacher support. We compared 65 hard-of-hearing students with a matched group of normally hearing peers on measures of career maturity, career indecision, perceived career barriers, and three variables associated with social cognitive career theory career decision-making self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and goals. In addition, the predictors of career maturity and career indecision were tested in both groups. Results indicated that (a) the two groups did not differ on measures of career maturity, (b) the SCCT variables were less predictive of career behaviors for the hard-of-hearing students than for the normally hearing students, and (c) perceived career barriers related to hearing loss predicted lower scores on career maturity attitude for the hard-of-hearing students. These findings are discussed in the context of career education and counseling interventions that may benefit young people who are hard of hearing.     

Chi Sigma Iota Chapter Leadership and Professional Identity Development in Early Career Counselors

As the academic and professional honor society of counseling, Chi Sigma Iota (CSI) has been recognized in developing advocacy, leadership, and professional identity in student and professional members. A qualitative, grounded theory study was conducted to investigate experiences of 15 early career counselors who were CSI chapter leaders as graduate students. An emergent theory of CSI chapter leadership and professional identity development in early career counselors is presented. Implications are discussed for counselor educators, CSI leaders, and counseling students and professionals, with suggestions made for future research.     

公费师范生生涯适应力的干预研究

目的:研究基于生涯建构理论模型,以提高公费师范生生涯适应力为目的进行干预,并对其效果进行追踪评估。方法:招募选取28名生涯适应力较低的公费师范生,实验组和对照组各14人,实验组接受6次生涯团体辅导,对照组参加学校开展的心理健康教育课程。采用生涯适应力问卷,干预前后进行重复测量,一个半月后进行延时测量。结果:干预后,实验组在生涯适应力的总分及其4个分维度上得分显著高于对照组,追踪评估结果表明干预效果的持续性较好。结论:基于生涯建构理论模型设计的干预方案能够一定程度上提高公费师范生的生涯适应力,并且干预具有良好的持续性。     

高校生涯辅导供给不足的因素及利益机制研究

以高等教育利益体系复杂化、质量多元化为研究背景,通过对影响高校生涯辅导各相关利益主体行为的主成分分析,结果显示,高校生涯辅导供给不足的原因是高校供给能力与供给愿望不强。其中的深层次原因是,在多个契约中,由于信息不对称,高校存在逆向选择的动机与可能。高校生涯辅导系统与其他子系统相互脱节,在理论上还由于职业生涯的个人规划与组织管理的研究存在“裂缝”。     

Resistance as a factor in career counseling

Conclusion Resistance can no longer be seen as a concept that is relevant only to personal counseling. The career literature includes ample reference to the role of threat and anxiety in inhibiting the decision-making process, a process that is analogous to resistance in the eclectic counseling literature. Assimilation of knowledge about resistance into the planning and implementation of career programming holds promise for helping motivate students/clients to use the career decision-making process more effectively with less defensiveness.     

The Influence of a Career Pathways Model and Career Counseling on Students' Career and Academic Self-Efficacy

This qualitative study examines the effects of career pathways programming and targeted career counseling services on 71 high school seniors across seven schools engaged in school reforms funded through South Carolina's Education and Economic Development Act (EEDA). EEDA is a statewide, multipronged effort to improve academic achievement, graduation rates, and students' chances at success in both careers and college. One component of EEDA is the requirement that all students complete an individual graduation plan, and in order to build capacity to execute this new requirement, additional counselors and/or counselor aides were added to every high school in the state. We found that the combination of a career pathways model along with targeted career counseling services enhanced students' sense of career and academic self-efficacy by increasing their motivation to complete school, willingness and interest to take more challenging courses, and sense of preparedness for college and work. We examine these themes through the social cognitive career theory's triadic model of causality (Bandura, 1997) connecting study findings with the central constructs of self-efficacy beliefs, outcome expectations, and personal goal development.     

职业心理理论及其研究进展

经过百年的应用实践与理论研究的职业咨询为职业心理理论提供了丰富的源泉,这些理论有着自身的系统性、继承性和内在逻辑性。比较和归纳各种职业心理理论流派,可以划分为职业素质构成、职业生涯发展、职业的社会文化背景、人与工作相互适应、认知理论等五大研究方向。其中,每个方向的研究都有着自身独立的延续性。最新的职业生活计划观提倡实现工作和生活的平衡,并以此作为职业选择的核心目标。