关于农民工养老保险模式选择的研究综述

对农民工养老保险制度的改革与创新已成为构建和谐社会必须研究和解决的重要课题。文章对理论界现有农民工养老保险模式的研究做了综述,去粗取精,以求利于农民工养老保险制度的建设。     

基于演化博弈论的农民工权益保障研究

建设和谐社会,需要迫切解决和处理好社会上各种利益关系的调整问题。当前,农民工存在的突出问题是合法权益得不到保障,这是构建社会主义和谐社会需要解决的重要环节。文章应用演化博弈理论的思想和方法,把农民工权益的保障置于政府与企业学习的渐进演化系统,通过政府企业博弈模型构建和分析,研究系统演化过程及影响演化稳定的重要因素,促进政府与企业在长期良性互动的运动中有效实现农民工的合法权益。     

编者絮语

目前,从农村涌入城市的1亿多农民工已成为城市的新兴人口,他们为国家经济发展、城市文明作出了重大贡献,是城市社会经济活动中不可缺少的一支重要力量。然而,在城市化过程中,农民工的利益保障中出现了一些缺失,农民工被边缘化,被当成城市的二等公民,受到歧视。这有碍于城市化的加速提升,有悖于科学发展观的基本理论,也不利于社会主义和谐社会的建立。本期“和谐社会”栏目刊登了张邦辉、王琪同志的文章《论和谐社会中农民工的利益保障》,作者指出农民工利益缺失的根源在于农民工文化素质低社会对农民工的歧视以及农民缺乏话语权导致的现行政策的部分缺陷。在目前尚不能根本变革这些现行政策的情况下,文章针对农民工的利益保障问题,提出了相应的改革思路,使农民工与市民协调发展,达到构建和谐社会的目标。     

论我国农民工养老保险制度的完善

农民工养老保险问题是重大的民生问题,是维护社会稳定,构建和谐社会的重要内容。为解决当前我国农民工养老保险面临的困境,在农民工社会保险制度还未完善的情况下,需从加快立法、建立统一的养老保险制度、增强对企业的监督等几个方面完善农民工养老保险制度。     

农民工政治社会化问题的探讨

农民工是我国社会转型时期一个非常特殊的群体,其政治社会化水平关系到我国和谐社会的构建和国家的长治久安,因此研究农民工政治社会化不仅必要而且意义重大。然而学术界关于农民工政治社会化的研究几乎是一个盲点。本文试图从农民工政治社会化的意义、现状与原因、对策等方面来探讨农民工的政治社会化。     

从十七大精神看农民工社会保障

农民工是城市建设的基础力量,是社会主义现代化建设的生力军。关注农民工是社会经济发展的需要,是构建和谐社会的必然要求。本文从党和政府对农民工的关注出发,,根据党的十七大精神,指出了健全农民工的社会保障必须做好工伤、大病医疗、养老保险等几方面工作。     

农民工NGO发展的制约因素分析

农民工NGO是因应社会需求而成立的服务于农民工群体的公益组织,但由于涉及到"劳工"、"人权"等敏感话题,目前该类组织的发展可谓举步维艰。在构建和谐社会的背景下,正确认识农民工NGO发展的制约因素,对于推动该类组织的发展具有一定的参考意义。     

农民工权益保障问题探析

弱势群体的民生问题,是任何一个崇尚公平与正义的社会必须正视的问题。在为构建社会主义和谐社会、全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗的今天,农民工合法权益保障问题已被摆在日益突出的位置。农民工现状已经引起了全社会的广泛关注,农民工的合法权益应该而且必须得到保障,这已经成为全社会的共识。     

关于农民工社会保障问题的思考

农民工是中国改革开放进程中涌现的一支新型劳动大军,已成为中国产业工人的重要组成部分。农民工在城市就业,面临着各类生活风险和职业风险,却无法获得公平的社会保障的保护。妥善解决农民工的社会保障问题,不仅是解决＂三农＂问题,促进经济社会可持续发展的需要,也是维护农民工权益,构建和谐社会的政治任务。     

农民工工伤保险管理系统的创新

农民工是我国城市建设的大军,工伤保险以维护工伤职工及其家庭的基本生活条件为首要职责,如何切实保障农民工的基本生活和权利,关系到“三农”问题的解决,关系到和谐社会的构建。本文着眼于目前存在的问题,把农民工工伤保险制度建设领入一个全新的方向,即建立“人口流动——劳动就业——社会保障——医疗配套——法律援助”一体化的农民工工伤保险管理信息系统。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.