永定河消失之惑

河水到哪里去了?河水被水库拦起来了。水库里的水到哪里去了?水库里的水蒸发到空气中了。空气中的水到哪里去了?空气中的水被人工降雨的火箭弹打下来了。降雨到哪里去了?降雨渗到地下去了。地下水到哪里去了?地下水被人们用井打上来了。     

成功就是把点连成线

如果说盖茨让微软成为传奇,那么乔布斯本人就是传奇。他创建了苹果电脑,引领了电脑时尚的潮流;他创立了皮克斯,拨动了娱乐业的风向;他创造了iPod,又通过它影响了不只一代人的生活方式。     

赢得了财富却输掉了爱情

2008年我辞去了国家机关的工作,从新疆来到了上海。当时踌躇满志,可是到了上海就傻了：自己只是高不成低不就的,人才太多了。3个月后才在一个广告公司找到了工作,我觉得很快乐。     

最美是“相依”

正海天相依,海有了魅力,天有了灵气;鱼水相依,鱼儿得以生存,水也有了活力;藤树相依,藤有了美好的家园,树有了漂亮花环;山河相依,山增添了灵性,河有了优美身形。世间万物相依相存,才有了绚丽五彩的世界。当春风再一次拂绿大地,万物开始苏醒。看春染枝头,满目青翠,刹那间碧波涟涟,极尽美     

最美是“相依”

海天相依,海有了魅力,天有了灵气;鱼水相依,鱼儿得以生存,水也有了活力;藤树相依,藤有了美好的家园,树有了漂亮花环;山河相依,山增添了灵性,河有了优美身形。世间万物相依相存,才有了绚丽五彩的世界。     

《机械制图》课中现代化教学的应用

主要论述了电化教学、AutoCAD2004、SoildWorks 2004在《机械制图》课程教学中的应用,极大地激发了学生的学习兴趣,降低了教学难度,减轻了学生的学习负担,增强了学生学习的积极性,使教学效果有了明显提高.     

使用多媒体技术进行教学初探

多媒体技术改变了人们固有的思维习惯和生活方式,也给教学改革带来了勃勃生机。运用多媒体教学,使以往教学中孤立的人工背景变为了现在仿真的、现实生活中的背景,充分地激发了学生的学习兴趣,极大地提高了教学效率,发展了学生的思维,促进了学生能力的培养,提高了初中语文教学的质量。本文笔者介绍了多媒体技术在语文教学中的几点作用。     

筑路机械的应用及其技术革新

本文阐述了采用宝马MPH121现场冷再生杌进行旧路改造试验,使筑路材料重新得到了利用,大大降低了施工成本,缩短了施工工期,提高了道路的整体结构强度,节约了资源和能源,起到了环境保护的作用。     

企业制度能力的系统分析

分析了制度的内涵,阐述了企业制度的主要结构、基本功能和制度系统的运行过程;引入了企业制度能力的概念,对企业制度能力进行了系统分析,建立了企业制度能力系统的三维结构模型;最后研究了企业制度能力系统五个方面的特征.     

二氧化碳摇身变汽油

<正>众所周知,汽油燃烧产生了二氧化碳,并导致了全球变暖。现在,美国科学家成功地逆转了这个过程,他们用二氧化碳制造了燃料!科学家找到了一种特殊的蓝藻,向其内部     

Superstars in the making? The broad effects of interdisciplinary centers

Many universities have developed large-scale interdisciplinary research centers to address societal challenges and to attract the attention of private philanthropists and federal agencies. However, prior studies have mostly shown that interdisciplinary centers relate to a narrow band of outcomes such as publishing and grants. Therefore, we shift attention to include outcomes that have been the centers mandate to influence ? namely outreach to the media and private industry, as well as broader research endeavors and securing external funding. Using data covering Stanford University between 1993 and 2014, we study if being weakly and strongly affiliated with interdisciplinary centers in one year relates to and increases (1) knowledge production (publications, grants and inventions), (2) instruction (numbers of students taught, PhDs and postdocs advised), (3) intellectual prominence (media mentions, awards won and centrality within the larger collaboration network), and (4) the acquisition of various sources of funding in the next year. Our results indicate that interdisciplinary centers select productive faculty and increase their activity on a broad range of outcomes further, and in ways greater than departments and traditional interdisciplinary memberships, such as courtesy and joint appointments.     

Invoking politics and ethics in the design of information technology: undesigning the design

It is a truism that the design and deployment of information and communication technologies is vital to everyday life, the conduct of work and to social order. But how are individual, organisational and societal choices made? What might it mean to invoke a politics and an ethics of information technology design and use? This editorial paper situates these questions within the trajectory of preoccupations and approaches to the design and deployment of information technology since computerisation began in the 1940s. Focusing upon the dominant concerns over the last three decades, the paper delineates an interest in design and use in relation to socio-technical theories, situated practices and actor-network theory. It is argued that each of these approaches is concerned with a particular form of politics that does not explicitly engage with ethics. In order to introduce ethics into contemporary debates about information technology, and to frame the papers in the special issue, it is argued that Levinas’ ethics is particularly valuable in problematising the relationship between politics and ethics. Levinas provides a critique of modernity’s emphasis on politics and the egocentric self. It is from a Levinasian concern with the Other and the primacy of the ethical that a general rethinking of the relationship between politics, ethics and justice in relation to information and communication technologies can be invoked.     

Telecommunications and Transnationalism: The Polarization of Social Space

This article critically assesses the policy orientation, social impacts, and linkages of telecommunications in the United States within a government deregulated policy environment and an increasingly globalized economy. Deregulation has been driven by both ideological and technological demands, stemming from several political and economic transformations in the world economy, the collapse of state socialism in eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, and greater oligopolistic competition among transnational corporations. An expanded infrastructure of new digital information and communications technology (ICT) is the foundation of a worldwide political economic regime of accumulation. ICT increases command and control capabilities of large corporations, together with the mobility and liquidity of capital, making it essential to the restructuring of the world economy, the new international division of labor, and the creation of global "information city" networks. At the same time, government deregulation and rapid technological change are associated with a number of spatial, economic, and social dualisms.     

坚持科技创新 促进可持续发展

自人类开启可持续发展新文明时代以来,我国坚持"可持续发展"和"科教兴国"两大国家基本发展战略,贯彻落实科学发展观,成为发展中国家实现人口、经济、资源、环境协调发展的表率。20年发展历程表明,可持续发展是践行科学发展观的必然选择,科技创新是实施可持续发展战略的必由之路。我国科技创新在以下4个方面发挥了重要的支撑作用,有力地促进了可持续发展:(1)在保障人口健康、食物安全和优化人居环境等方面,满足人类发展的合理需求、提高人类的福祉水平;(2)在海洋和空天拓展生存与发展空间、节约和循环利用资源、保护环境和改善生态等方面,消除资源环境的瓶颈制约、保障生产活动的持续进行;(3)在提升新材料和新能源产业、绿色制造业、信息化产业等竞争能力方面,支撑战略性新兴产业的发展、巩固国民经济的物质基础;(4)在形成先进的环境伦理和发展观、构建国家科技-文化-体制三位一体的创新体系、提升战略决策和管理的科学化水平、探索新型工业化和城市化道路等方面,助推社会进步与文化建设进程、增强发展软实力。     

碳中和研究热点与演进趋势——基于科学知识图谱

碳中和是关系到解决全球环境问题、促进国家经济发展、推动社会可持续发展的重要议题。本文以1991—2021年间Web of Science和中国知网数据库收录的7192篇国际学者发表的英文文献、3778篇中国学者发表的中英文文献为研究对象,运用信息可视化软件CiteSpace,从时间分布、空间分布、研究热点冲积图、关键词共现图谱、关键词聚类图谱等方面,揭示了国内外碳中和研究现状与发展趋势。结果表明：①从时间脉络上看,国内外碳中和演进分为3个阶段：萌芽期（1991—2006年）、发展期（2007—2014年）和繁盛期（2015—2021年）;进入21世纪后,国内外碳中和发文量均呈现快速增长趋势,2021年中国碳中和研究爆发式增长,年发文量超1500篇。②从空间分布上看,碳中和研究地区和研究机构呈现多极化发展趋势,美国、中国和英国等国家发文量较高,主要以高校和研究所为主。③从研究热点上看,围绕基础研究与动态监测评价、技术研发与应用、政策设计与路线图3个重大科学问题,碳中和研究主要从碳足迹、能源、碳捕获与封存技术、生命周期评价、碳交易市场和全球治理等热点展开。④从关键词聚类上看,碳中和相关研究可以从个体、行业、国家3个层面聚类成4个主题：个体碳中和态度与行为、碳中和技术、碳市场与碳金融体系、政策引导与全球治理。本文对每个主题的内涵和研究进展进行梳理,总结出碳中和的研究热点与演进趋势,为中国实现碳中和目标提供理论参考。     

Caller ID and the meaning of privacy

Caller ID service continues to be a controversial issue in the U.S. because of its privacy implications. State and federal regulators, legislators, scholars, and the courts have examined and responded to the privacy issue from a policy perspective, but perhaps without a complete understanding of the meaning of privacy in the context of the debate. What types of privacy are involved, how significant are these interests, and how might privacy needs compare and be balanced? This article explores privacy in the context of the Caller ID debate from a social science perspective. It examines motives for seeking and preserving privacy and explores the dynamic relationship between the caller and called party positions. It then provides an analysis of current and proposed Caller ID features and policies with a view toward understanding how these proposals balance competing privacy needs. This article establishes an analytic framework and a foundation for further study of caller and called party privacy that should lead to a better understanding of the privacy debate and the privacy implications of Caller ID.     

竞争态势分析:类型、内容及方法述评——兼论我国的研究现状

概述了专利竞争态势分析的对象和内容,将专利竞争态势分为全局性态势和竞争者态势两大类型,分别从总体发展趋势、区域竞争态势、技术竞争态势、竞争者构成等全局性态势分析方面,竞争者技术特点、竞争者地区分布、竞争者竞争实力和地位、竞争者关联性等竞争者态势分析方面,梳理和介绍了专利竞争态势分析的具体内容和方法,并对分析方法进行了简要评价,对我国的研究情况进行了简要论述。     

三江源草地多功能性及其调控途径

三江源区是地球第三极典型代表区域之一,具有世界上独一无二的生物物种及其组成的生态系统,发育和保持着世界上大面积原始的高寒生态系统,是中国和亚洲重要的淡水供给地,也是黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的源头和重点区。生态系统服务、自然景观、生物多样性具有全国乃至全球意义的保护价值。草地是三江源的主要植被类型,由草地管理引起的诸多生态、环境、社会问题,其管理和治理不仅是牧区的问题,也是包括黄河、长江、澜沧江等江河流域的问题。本文综述了三江源草地管理的现状、问题和需求;提出了基于草地生态系统服务和人类对草地“生产—生态—生活”多目标需求的多重管理目标及管理框架,建立三江源区域草地进行多重目标管理的调控途径及技术支撑;以期对三江源生态可持续发展、国家公园建设和黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展及后续相关政策的制定提供一定的启示。     

在互动中发展的教育与文化——教育与文化的关系研究

本研究认为,教育是人类文化的传承与创造活动,文化是教育之根。教育与文化是同源共生、共生共进的互动关系。文化是本质性的,教育是文化的形式是一定人类文化的表现;教育作为文化的形式,会反作用于文化整体,使其体现深刻的文化性格和意义。因此,教育与文化是在互动中发展的。     

不忘初心 守正出新?——试论个体的信念形成与改变的心理过程

理想信念的形成和改变与个体的心理过程和心理状态密切相关。文章分析了不忘初心的内涵与作用,个体的信念形成与改变及其影响因素,以及守正与出新的辩证统一关系,期冀能对党的建设和理想信念教育有所启示。