从尼采对形而上学的变革看现代形而上学的价值转向

尼采以强力意志永恒轮回的生成世界观、透视认识论和生存价值论颠覆了西方传统形而上学，实现了形而上学的价值转向，即把传统的绝对实在的形而上学变为了相对阐释的形而上学；把传统的观念世界的形而上学变成了生活世界的形而上学；把传统的理性本体的形而上学变为了非理性本体的形而上学。     

形而上学的历史命运

形而上学在西方文化中的地位举足轻重。它的命运，尤其是它在近、现代哲学革命中的发展历程，对当代哲学重建具有深刻的启示意义。形而 主题和本体论，由古希腊哲学家规定并逐渐形成了自己的特征。在发生认识论转向的近代哲学中，形而上学被哲学家们运用于认识论问题的研究并得到了新的发展。即使在“拒斥形而上学”运动中，它也没有因曹到批判而退出舞台。相反，现代哲学家们一直致力于重建形而上学，因为它是人的禀性，是哲学的基础。但是，重建形而上学必须以人及人的实践为出发点和核心；东、西方哲学精神的融合是未来形而上学的出路。     

论形而上学的深层关怀－对后现代主义哲学抿斥形而上学的一种回答

无论是科学主订还是人本主义的现代西方哲学和后现代西方哲学，他们之所以高举反形而上学的大旗，其理论原因在于他们都没有异清形而上学的深层本质和深层关怀，因而割断了古代西方哲学和现代西方哲学的历史联系，其实，在玳西方哲学中已经孕育着现代西方哲学的精神，无论是亚里士多德，康德还是黑格尔等哲学巨人的思辨的形而上学体系中已经包含着一种现代哲学的人文主义精神，不过这种精神由于历史的原因，它们都被种种思辨的浓雾遮蔽着。     

教育理论的形而上学之思

教育理论的构建影响教育学的独立与兴衰，乃至民族、社会和国家的发展。教育理论之形而上学的机械论、无用论、唯经验论和唯实践论忽视了教育理论在形而上学意义上的整体性、范导性、多元性和独一性。无论是具有纯粹普遍性的教育理论还是“个别的一般”的教育理论，都具有形而上学旨趣。教育理论的形而上学发端于其理论意识、形而上学的沉思、育人的道与理、交互中的共识等。在其存在论意义上，它具有自主性、科学性和交互性等特性。在其生命力的意义上，它始于教育思想和行动中的矛盾，维护和发展个体的、面向可能世界的、回归生活世界的、始终具有创新力的教育理论。总之，教育理论的形而上学本质上是“面向思的事情”。     

海德格尔对笛卡尔的主体形而上学的克服

西方哲学至笛卡尔发生了转向 ,主体形而上学得以确立。随此转向人类生活发生重大变化。海德格尔以其“存在”理论 ,从笛卡尔的先天预设和认识方式入手对笛卡尔的主体形而上学加以克服 ,重新阐释了“存在”的含义。     

反思形而上学

形而上学有着悠久的历史渊源,然而人们对形而上学的理解并不是一帆风顺的。要想真正理解什么是形而上学,必须对其概念有一个详细的考究。形而上学对历史的发展有很大的推动作用,但为什么在15世纪被充分的否定？到了21世纪的今天,形而上学依然有强大的生命力。人们应该对这种现象进行反思。     

亚里士多德和形而上学问题的初步暴露

亚里士多德形而上学体系以＂存在＂作为研究对象,调和了米利都学派和柏拉图的理论。在＂形式＂与＂质料＂的关系问题上,亚里士多德形而上学暴露了其固有的矛盾。呈现亚里士多德形而上学体系的内在矛盾,是清理西方形而上学思想的必修课。     

形而上学唯物主义剖析

在马克思主义哲学课程中,形而上学唯物主义是最为晦涩的概念之一。这一概念佶屈聱牙,教材的解释也语焉不详。形而上学唯物主义与近代自然科学发展有不解之缘,其兴衰可谓"成也原子论,败也原子论"。从原子论入手考察,能很好地揭示形而上学唯物主义的背景、理论内容及思想局限;对形而上学唯物主义条分缕析,能促进学生打通古今唯物主义传统、融合科学和哲学知识、领悟哲学的问题意识。     

令人生疑的“形而上学诸论”——邓晓芒《西方形而上学的命运》简论

在批评海德格尔未能揭示形而上学命运之原因的同时，《西方形而上学的命运》一声称在西方哲学中发现了一个最深刻的“内在矛盾”，并断言海氏思想其实乃是一种比他所竭力解构的传统形而上学更高层次的“存在的形而上学”。这种说法貌似玄妙，其实缺乏充足的理据。事实上，海德格尔对形而上学的克服根本不是什么在更高层次上“复兴”形而上学，而是把形而上学带向其边缘状态，当然这并不意味着非历史的摧毁或否定。     

西西弗斯的石头——论科学中的形而上学

作为对宇宙、人生的深切和终极关怀与探索的哲学形而上学所具有的完备性，是其它科学所不可取代的，也是一切学问的基础，其它学问的有效性、合理性由它得到说明和辩护。实际上，对世界本质的形而上的信仰和追求是西方众多科学家、哲学家的共同理想。而西方自然哲学史也就是寻求科学知识确定性基础并努力为科学合法性辩护的历史。事实表明，形而上信念已逐步内化为科学家的思想、良知、研究纲领、规范结构或科学的精神气质之中，形而上学是科学中的西西弗斯的石头，将永远存在     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.