科技书刊中英文字体字号的编辑处理

为使书刊上的英文字形美观大方、字号适中并能与中文匹配，以国内应用最为广泛的字处理软件Word97中文版和北大方正排版软件为例，探讨英文体字号的编辑处理问题。     

A new interpretation of scientific collaboration patterns from the perspective of symbiosis: An investigation for long-term collaboration in publications

Based on complementarity in terms of factors such as skill and knowledge, researchers might build long-term partnerships with one another during their scientific careers. It has been shown that such relationships have a significant positive impact on researchers’ scientific performance. However, the preferential connection mechanism in collaboration networks actually suggests the unequal positions of participants in the process of scientific collaboration. This study argues that this phenomenon is very similar to the symbiosis function in the natural world. Hence, this work provides a novel interpretation of scientific collaboration patterns from the perspective of symbiosis. In more detail, long-term collaboration relationships are investigated based on the scope of an academician dataset with multiple fields and an economic dataset. With the aid of a quantitative metric for symbiosis degree, six meta-patterns of the short-term evolution of symbiosis degree are proposed. Furthermore, by exploring the evolution of meta-patterns, four scientific collaboration patterns are summarized according to the common characteristics as follows: leading growth, continuous leadership, chasing each other, and standing on equal footing. Extensive experimental results on an academician dataset with multiple fields show that the collaboration network evolution of four collaboration patterns is consistent with our summarized characteristics based on symbiosis. This indicates that our symbiosis-based framework can be used to effectively interpret the developmental and evolutionary trajectories of scientific collaboration.     

中文科技期刊可持续出版的影响因素分析

明确我国科技期刊可持续出版的定义和内涵,对科技期刊可持续出版的影响因素进行分类研究.采用系统工程的理论和方法,对科技期刊的影响因素进行系统分析,同时阐明这些影响因素与科技期刊可持续出版的关系.提出期刊可持续出版的实施方案,为科技期刊编辑部制订可持续出版战略决策提供理论和实践依据.     

科技期刊区分处理学术存疑论文的策略

为了科学严谨地处理科技期刊编辑出版过程中的学术不端、诚实错误和学术争议等问题,提出区分处理学术存疑论文的策略.根据论文存疑性质的不同,在分类界定的基础上,提出区分处理的基本原则和具体方法,并结合实际案例进行阐述,提供可供科技期刊编辑参考的处理策略.客观公正地处理学术存疑论文,有助于净化学术环境,实现学术共同体的内部良性...     

The use of economic classifiers for the indexing of scientific publications

The experience from the application of the OKVED 2 economic classifier for indexing scientific publications is considered. More than 9500 articles on the subject of “Automation. Computer Engineering” in authoritative Russian magazines were the material for the study. Some means for the comparative analysis of economic statistics and results of the classification of scientific publications are shown.     

科技编辑科学精神的培养

结合科技编辑活动的特征、科技出版物的性质以及科技编辑实践，论述培养科技编辑的科学精神必须提高对科技编辑科学精神的认识，必须了解科技史和科学常识，并学会用哲学的观点和方法来研究科技编辑的方法和规律。     

科学编辑理事会促进科技期刊出版诚信的政策与措施

介绍美国科学编辑理事会针对科技期刊出版中的突出问题和促进出版诚信所制定的政策和指南,以及采取的包括年会、短期培训班、专题调查/研究小组在内的各种措施。详述其促进出版诚信的重要新举措,即制定和发布《促进科学期刊出版诚信白皮书》,分析白皮书制定的背景、定位与作用、内容和拟解决的问题。说明科学编辑理事会各项政策、指南和措施、活动之间的关联与配合,以及对科技期刊出版诚信工作的实际指导作用。     

Author! author!: creating a digital archive of publications in a hospital library setting

Baptist Hospital of Miami has been honoring its staff authors annually during National Library Week since 1979, at the time the library was relocated. Upon "doing the math" and realizing that twenty-five years had passed, a special event was planned to celebrate the occasion in 2004. A merger of four hospitals in 1995 to form Baptist Health South Florida, and an addition of a fifth hospital in 2003 added into the complexity of these publications. Organizing the event led to the conclusion that there had to be a "better way" to manage the publication archive. This paper will include a look back at the event's past, present efforts to develop an archival database, and future plans to make articles available electronically to users, copyright permitting.     

科学编辑理事会促进科技期刊出版诚信的政策与措施

介绍美国科学编辑理事会针对科技期刊出版中的突出问题和促进出版诚信所制定的政策和指南,以及采取的包括年会、短期培训班、专题调查/研究小组在内的各种措施.详述其促进出版诚信的重要新举措,即制定和发布<促进科学期刊出版诚信白皮书>,分析白皮书制定的背景、定位与作用、内容和拟解决的问题.说明科学编辑理事会各项政策、指南和措施、活动之间的关联与配合,以及对科技期刊出版诚信工作的实际指导作用.     

The study of systems and methods for scientometric analysis of scientific publications

This paper provides an overview of the methods and systems that are applied for scientometric analysis of scientific publications. Methods to identify promising research directions are described. The results of an experimental study aimed at determining the directions of scientific research within the subject area of “regenerative medicine” by using various methods are presented. Conclusions are made about the prospects and shortcomings of the applied methods. Directions for further research are proposed.     

Evidence of open access of scientific publications in Google Scholar: A large-scale analysis

This article uses Google Scholar (GS) as a source of data to analyse Open Access (OA) levels across all countries and fields of research. All articles and reviews with a DOI and published in 2009 or 2014 and covered by the three main citation indexes in the Web of Science (2,269,022 documents) were selected for study. The links to freely available versions of these documents displayed in GS were collected. To differentiate between more reliable (sustainable and legal) forms of access and less reliable ones, the data extracted from GS was combined with information available in DOAJ, CrossRef, OpenDOAR, and ROAR. This allowed us to distinguish the percentage of documents in our sample that are made OA by the publisher (23.1%, including Gold, Hybrid, Delayed, and Bronze OA) from those available as Green OA (17.6%), and those available from other sources (40.6%, mainly due to ResearchGate). The data shows an overall free availability of 54.6%, with important differences at the country and subject category levels. The data extracted from GS yielded very similar results to those found by other studies that analysed similar samples of documents, but employed different methods to find evidence of OA, thus suggesting a relative consistency among methods.     

Gender-specific patterns in the artificial intelligence scientific ecosystem

Gender disparity in science is one of the most focused debating points among authorities and the scientific community. Over the last few decades, numerous initiatives have endeavored to accelerate gender equity in academia and research society. However, despite the ongoing efforts, gaps persist across the world, and more measures need to be taken. Using social network analysis, natural language processing, and machine learning, in this study, we comprehensively analyzed gender-specific patterns in the highly interdisciplinary and evolving field of artificial intelligence for the period of 2000–2019. Our findings suggest an overall increasing rate of mixed-gender collaborations. From the observed gender-specific collaborative patterns, the existence of disciplinary homophily at both dyadic and team levels is confirmed. However, a higher preference was observed for female researchers to form homophilous collaborative links. Our core-periphery analysis indicated a significant positive association between having diverse collaboration and scientific performance and experience. We found evidence in support of expecting the rise of new female superstar researchers in the artificial intelligence field.     

Foreign and Russian scientific electronic publications on priority research areas and critical technologies

The results of an analysis of the international flow of periodical and proceedings publications in different priority areas (the nanosystem industry and materials, information-telecommunication systems, rational wildlife management, and power and power conservation) and of critical technologies entering into them are presented. As the main sources of the information on foreign and Russian databases (SCOPUS, Current Contents. CSA, Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory, RZH VINITI, and the Russian Academy of Sciences) open scientific Internet resources were used. For correctness, a separate preparation of the terminological base of each subject area was made. Lists of publications on the detailed publishing and data about the availability of access to them on various Internet platforms were compiled as a result. The characteristics of the most important electronic resources for each area are given. The publishing houses and companies responsible for the major publications on the considered subjects not accessible at present to the Russian scientific community through widely known consortia (NEIKON and the Russian Federal Property Fund) are revealed.     

Academic medical libraries' policies and procedures for notifying library users of retracted scientific publications

Academic medical libraries have a responsibility to inform library users regarding retracted publications. Many have created policies and procedures that identify flawed journal articles. A questionnaire was sent to the 129 academic medical libraries in the United States and Canada to find out how many had policies and procedures for identifying retracted publications. Of the returned questionnaires, 59% had no policy and no practice for calling the attention of the library user to retracted publications. Forty-one percent of the libraries called attention to retractions with or without a formal policy for doing so. Several responding libraries included their policy statement with the survey. The increasing number of academic medical libraries that realize the importance of having policies and practices in place highlights the necessity for this procedure.     

Measuring the novelty of scientific publications: A fastText and local outlier factor approach

Although the novelty of scientific publications has been the subject of previous studies, most have examined the distribution of references in the bibliography, which may not be effective in capturing implied scientific knowledge. We propose an analytical framework for measuring the novelty of scientific publications using a paper's title. At the heart of the framework, fastText is used to construct a vector space model in which papers with similar scientific knowledge are located close to each other, and the local outlier factor is used to measure the novelty of scientific knowledge implied in the papers on a numerical scale. The feasibility and validity of the analytical framework were assessed by comparing the average novelty scores of papers recommended with novelty-related tags in Faculty Opinions to those of papers without such tags. This case study of 15,653 papers published in a biomedical journal confirms that our framework is a useful complementary tool for the continuous assessment of the novelty of scientific publications and can serve as a starting point for developing more general models.     

Measuring the scientific publications of double first‐class universities from mainland China

This paper reports a comparative study of the scientific publications of double first‐class universities based on international and domestic Chinese databases from 2006 to 2018. The main results are as follows. Quantitatively, the absolute total number of articles published by Chinese universities has increased. Specifically, the number of international publications in the natural and social sciences from double first‐class universities showed an increasing trend, but the number of domestic journal articles showed the reverse trend. Moreover, based on the number of papers published by each university over the years, we recognized that the ranking changes of universities fall into four categories: rising, declining, stable, and fluctuating. Qualitatively, the international and domestic publications issued by double first‐class universities greatly improved from 2006 to 2018. Moreover, scientific publications, either international or domestic, were unevenly distributed among the double first‐class universities. In general, the double first‐class universities developed rapidly in recent years and play an important role in the development of science and technology in China.     

为他人做嫁衣:也谈科技期刊编辑的作者服务

合理调节编辑、作者之间的关系是科技期刊发展的关键.科技期刊编辑的作者服务是建立编辑与作者关系的桥梁,有利于稳定和扩大作者队伍,营造良好的学术道德氛围,树立期刊良好的品牌形象.科技期刊编辑应通过坚守职业道德,加强学科专业和编辑业务理论学习,尊重作者,服务作者,积极应用新媒体技术,构建与作者互相尊重、互相进步的和谐关系,最终达到提升期刊影响力的目标.     

科技期刊读者阅读过程的心理定势

作者结合实例分析了科技期刊读者阅读时的四种心理定势:①读者与作者同步,保持一致,读后有充实感;②读者与作者倾向同步,基本一致,但又互相补充;③读者与作者互逆,读者虽然不同意文章蕴含的思想方法和客观发展规律,但能接受;④读者与作者完全相悖,持相反意见。     

Mining diversity subgraph in multidisciplinary scientific collaboration networks: A meso perspective

This paper proposes a framework to analyze the interdisciplinary collaboration in a coauthorship network from a meso perspective using topic modeling: (1) a customized topic model is developed to capture and formalize the interdisciplinary feature; and (2) the two algorithms Diversity Subgraph Extraction (DSE) and Constraint-based Diversity Subgraph Extraction (CDSE) are designed and implemented to extract a meso view, i.e. a diversity subgraph of the interdisciplinary collaboration. The proposed framework is demonstrated using a coauthorship network in the field of computer science. A comparison between DSE and Breadth First Search (BSF)-based subgraph extraction favors DSE in capturing the diversity in interdisciplinary collaboration. Potential possibilities for studying various research topics based on the proposed framework of analysis are discussed.     

The orders of documents, the orders of activity, and the orders of information

The invention of literacy was also the invention of written information. Humanly usable information has been (and will likely continue to be for the foreseeable future) tied to human documents. Any order we impose on or find in information is closely tied to human uses that give rise to it or for which it is repurposed, and those orders are expressed in the documentary genres that mediate human communicative action within social activity systems. These social forms of genres and activity systems shape our consciousnesses, cognitive capacities, social identities, and potentials for action. Making sense of a single claim, sentence, or even datum requires an understanding of what kind of text it appears in, engaged in what sort of inquiry using what methods, and where it stands within the evolving intertextual discussion of the field. Sense making requires integrity of the text and visibility of the provenance and socio-historic dynamic from which it arises. Even as the processes of communication have been less tied to immediate social circumstances, they have fostered new kinds of social relations and communicative circumstances that maintain their social character and functionality. As we convert older technologies of information storage based on the physical texts, to digital technologies that can readily draw together heterogeneous pieces from more heterogeneous circumstances, the user ultimately must make sense of the information, and the technologies will need to find ways to support that sense making.