论非英语专业学生跨文化交际意识的培养

跨文化交际意识的培养是外语教学的重要内容。大学英语教学的最终目的是培养学生用地道的英语进行有效的跨文化交际。主要探讨外语教学中培养学生健康的跨文化交际意识的重要性和方法,旨在为大学英语教师在教学中有目的,有计划地培养学生的跨文化交际意识,提高学生跨文化交际能力提供理论依据。     

The Intercultural Dimension in EFL‐Teaching: A Study of Conceptions Among Finland‐Swedish Comprehensive School Teachers

The overall aim of this study is to deepen our knowledge about the attitudes of teachers at the upper level of the Finland‐Swedish comprehensive school towards the treatment of culture in English foreign language (EFL) teaching. More specifically, the questions are how teachers interpret the concept “culture” in English foreign language teaching, how the cultural objectives are specified and what teachers do to attain these objectives. The study strives to reveal whether or not language teaching today can be described as intercultural in the sense that culture is taught with the aim of promoting intercultural understanding, tolerance and empathy. The empirical data consists of verbatim transcribed interviews with 13 Finland‐Swedish teachers of English at grades 7–9. The findings are presented according to three orientations. Within the cognitive orientation, “culture” is perceived as factual knowledge and the teaching of culture is defined in terms of the transmission of facts. The action‐related orientation sees “culture” as skills of a social and socio‐linguistic nature and the teaching aims at preparing students for future intercultural encounters. Within the affective orientation, “culture” is seen as a bi‐directional perspective. Students are encouraged to look at their own familiar culture from another perspective and learn to empathise with and show respect for otherness in general, not just concerning representatives of English‐speaking countries.     

论全球化背景下大学英语跨文化交际教学

在全球化的背景下,大学英语教学不应局限于外语语言本身,更应引导大学生去探求和理解语言背后相关的社会和文化含义,促进大学生跨文化交际能力的培养,满足现代社会对大学生外语能力的要求。论述了跨文化交际教学与英语教学的相互关系,阐析了跨文化交际教学在英语教学中的重要性,进而介绍了跨文化交际教学导入的基本内容和方法,如何培养大学生的跨文化交际能力。     

高职院校培养学生跨文化交际能力的探索与实践--以影片《推手》的跨文化教学为例

随着世界全球化进程的飞速发展,社会对跨文化交际能力强的人才需求不断增长。培养学生自觉的跨文化意识、提高学生的跨文化交际能力已成为高职高专教育的培养目标之一。电影作为独特的文化载体,自身承载着丰富的语言和文化信息,能带给观看者经久不忘的文化体验。因此,在外语教学过程中,教师将电影纳入外语教学体系,运用文化体验和体验式学习的理论成果,通过有效的教学设计,可以使电影教学成为培养和提高学生跨文化交际能力的有效途径,从而达到外语教学的最终目标。     

大学英语教学与跨文化交际能力的培养

大学英语教师应深刻认识到,跨文化交际能力是21世纪人才培养的需要。跨文化外语教学是外语教学发展的需要;同时他们也应明确跨文化外语教学的目标和具体原则,在教学过程中对传统外语教学方法和手段进行改革,开发出一些将文化教学与英语语言教学结合的新方法。     

回归语言教学本身，提高英语课堂实效——对小学英语课堂教学的“冷思考”

新课程改革以来,新的教育、教学理念引领着小学英语教师迅速成长,小学英语课堂教学也随之发生了根本性的变化,但由于培训、师资的后续跟进问题以及其他相关因素的影响,在小学英语课堂中也出现了一些问题。文章结合英语教学、教研经验对小学英语课堂教学问题进行深入地剖析,对新背景下的小学英语课堂教学作了一些“冷思考”,就小学英语课堂以及语言教学的本质问题进行了一些积极的探究。     

浅论英语阅读教学的文化导入

英语教学的终极目标之一是培养学生用语言进行跨文化交际的能力。英语阅读教材蕴涵着丰富的社会文化内容,学生有必要认知。教学中的文化导入是学生走进它、认知它的重要方式。这些文化知识的获取对培养学生跨文化交际能力确有指导意义。文章对英语阅读教学中文化导入的意义、内容、原则、方法等进行初步论述,为英语学习者抛砖引玉。     

Effectiveness of cooperative learning (jigsaw II) method in teaching English as a foreign language to engineering students (Case of Firat University,Turkey)

The present study compares the effects of the cooperative jigsaw II method and traditional teacher-centred teaching method on improving vocabulary knowledge and active–passive voice in English as a foreign language for engineering students and the students' attitudes towards learning English. Jigsaw is a cooperative learning model that involves small groups of 5–6 students teaching each other subject matter with success dependent upon student cooperation. Sixty-six engineering students participated in the study and a pre-test–post-test control group experimental design was employed. The students were randomly assigned into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group used cooperative Jigsaw II as an instruction method while the control group used traditional teacher-centred instruction. The groups were administered an achievement test, as a pre-, post- and delayed post-test. The results revealed statistically significant differences in favour of the experimental group on the dependent variables of improving vocabulary knowledge and learning active–passive voice in English. The attitude scale results showed that the cooperative learning experience had a significant positive effect on engineering students' attitudes towards learning English and promoted better interactions among students as well.     

Instructional methods and languages in class: A comparison of two teaching approaches and two teaching languages in the field of intercultural learning

The article presents the results of a quasi-experimental intervention study with a 2 × 2 factorial design. We implemented a problem-based intercultural learning unit in four secondary schools (grades 9 to 12) and varied the teaching approach (analytical/affective-experiential) and the language of instruction (German/English). The learning unit covered six 45-min lessons and was conducted in nine school courses (n = 143). Five additional school courses (n = 66) served as a control group. In all experimental groups, students engaged with critical incidents. These were either analysed (analytical focus) or acted out as role plays (affective-experiential focus). In addition, students analysed film clips (analytical focus) or participated in a simulation game (affective-experiential focus). The experimental groups outperformed the control group in the post-test, which required the analysis of critical incidents. Both teaching approaches were equally effective; however, students evaluated affective-experiential learning more positively. Using a foreign language for teaching did not impair performance.     

The effectiveness of teaching science subjects through English medium: A narrative analysis of teacher experiences and perceptions in Sri Lankan secondary schools

This article analyses four narratives told by four teachers teaching science subjects in four different public secondary schools in the district of Gampaha in Sri Lanka. Gampaha is the second most populous district in Sri Lanka, and is known for excellent results in General Certificate of Education (Advanced Level) exams which school leavers sit at the end of the secondary school cycle. The teachers’ narratives focus on the policy and practice of teaching science subjects through English at secondary level, which was reintroduced in a small number of selected government schools in Sri Lanka in 2002. After using the two local languages, Sinhala and Tamil, for nearly half a century, the Sri Lankan education authorities decided to bring back the English medium to the teaching of science subjects at secondary level as a third language option. One of the policymakers’ reasons was an apparent decline in the English-language fluency of students at this level. To implement the new policy, science teachers (who had themselves been taught in Sinhala or Tamil) were asked to teach in English. More than a decade into the English-medium option, the author interviewed four of them. Their testimonies about their experiences in teaching science subjects offer valuable insights into the difficulties experienced by both teachers and students when teaching and learning in a foreign language such as English. The author’s analysis of his respondents’ statements reveals hidden realities which challenge the benefits of reintroducing English as a medium of instruction (MOI) for science subjects. Thus, the lived experiences of the teachers may help to inform language policy in education in Sri Lanka, and perhaps also in other countries.     

浅析跨文化交际视角下的英语教学

学习一门外语,不仅要学习其语言结构,词汇语法,而且要把握如何用这门语言进行无障碍交流。因此,作为一名外语教师,有必要将语言知识与文化知识的教授融为一体,将跨文化交际能力的培养融入到外语教学中,以培养出适合社会发展需求的应用型人才。该文浅析了跨文化交际在英语教学中的必要性、存在的问题及解决方法。     

英语专业本科毕业论文写作的问题与对策

英语专业本科毕业论文写作一直是高校外语教育研究和关注的热点,如何提高学生论文质量是外语教师不断努力的教学目标之一。针对毕业论文写作过程中学生与教学中的问题,找出问题症结所在,进行相对应的指导和管理的改革,才能真正帮助学生圆满完成这一学习任务。     

An exploration of EFL teachers’ attributions

The present study investigated English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers’ attributions of success and failure. It also set out to investigate whether these attributions vary by teachers’ age, teaching experience, gender and educational level. To do so, 200 EFL teachers were selected according to convenience sampling among EFL teachers teaching English in Language Institutes in Mashhad and Tehran, two cities in Iran. The participants completed the language teacher attribution scale measuring four attributions: teaching competency (TC), teacher effort (TE), student effort (SE) and institution supervision (IS). The present study yielded mixed results regarding English language teachers’ attributions of success and failure events. It was also found that these attributions vary by their age, teaching experience and educational level, but not by gender. The discussion and implications of the research are further presented with reference to the earlier findings.     

从跨文化交际研究的基本目的及内容谈外语教学中跨文化交际能力的培养

基于跨文化交际研究的基本目的及内容,作者提出了在外语教学中,不仅要注重语言教学．同时还应该注重文化教学,培养学生的跨文化意识,采用多种渠道加强学生的跨文化交际能力,最终实现外语教学的真正目的。     

论影视民族志在大学新任教英语教师科研创新中的应用

经调查,目前大部分大学新手英语教师的论文选题主要来源于教学经验、书评和原有的论文等。为了帮助新手教师们扩大选题范围,影视民族志被借用以此探究影视作品中的教学方法、理论及文化。它具体包括实证性研究和文献研究等。它的运用可以提高教师们的科研创新能力并丰富科研成果。     

高职英语教学中的文化教学

外语教学的最终目的是培养外语学习者的跨文化交际能力。文章分析了高职英语教学的现状,探讨如何通过不同的方法在高职英语教学中开展文化教学,以提高学生的跨文化敏感水平和跨文化交际能力。     

EFL teachers’ conceptions of speaking competence in English

The present article lies at the intersection of research on teacher cognition and speaking competence in a second language. It is a qualitative analysis of teacher accounts of speaking in the context of English as a foreign language (EFL) in Iran. More specifically, the study is an exploration of three EFL teachers’ conceptions of learning and teaching the speaking skill in English. The teachers represented varying levels of experience and education and were classified as experts and novices. Through juxtaposing teachers’ views of how students should learn to speak and how the teachers themselves learned to speak English, the research study uncovers the interwoven nature of learning experience with teaching conceptions. It also unveils the images underpinning their conceptions of how to learn and teach speaking in an EFL context. The results also portray teachers as having unique ways of thinking of speaking while at the same time sharing certain patterns.     

Changes in teachers’ beliefs after a professional development project for teaching writing: two Chinese cases

A plethora of research has found that teachers’ beliefs directly influence their classroom practices and teaching outcomes. While numerous studies in second/foreign language writing have examined the effectiveness of different innovative approaches on students’ learning to write, there is a paucity of research on writing teachers’ beliefs about these approaches and how their beliefs change in the process of their professional development. Such a lacuna becomes prominent in English as a Foreign Language contexts, especially in China, where there are numerous calls for changing the nature of classroom practices from product-focused to process- and student-centred instruction. In order to fill this gap, this brief article reports on a case study regarding changes in two Chinese English teachers’ beliefs after attending a professional development project for teaching writing. A key research question guides this study: What changes, if any, did the two teachers experience in their teaching beliefs during the project? Two writing teachers were voluntarily recruited for a case study. Findings show that the professional development project for teaching writing broadened the teachers’ understanding of different writing theories, provided a clear model of how to integrate these new approaches into regular writing courses, changed their instructional focus and shifted their perception of teachers’ roles in teaching practice.     

教学媒介语折射出的外语教师教学环境观——基于国内外语课堂教学媒介语研究现状

教学媒介语是教师进行课堂教学时所使用的语言,是外语教学法的一个重要参数。教师对外语教学中教学媒介语的态度和教学媒介语的实际使用情况折射出教师不同的教学环境观。本文对国内的有关研究进行介绍和分析,发现外语教师在联结学派和认知学派中采取了折衷的观点。     

英语教学中的中国文化渗透

英语教学中的文化教育在跨文化交流中的作用已经引起外语工作者的关注,而在中国的英语教育过程中,文化教育却存在着偏激现象。在全社会重视英语的同时,却很容易忽视汉语的学习。英语教学中的中国文化渗透是非常必要的,而这是汉语教学无法替代的。