《科学》(华东师大版)教材生命科学部分简介

依据国家《科学 (7～ 9年级 )课程标准 (实验稿 )》编写的《科学》(7～ 9年级 )教材 (华东师大版 ) ,从 2 0 0 1年秋季起已在全国各实验区试用并逐步在全国推广使用。这套教材中的生命科学内容与分科的《生物学》教材有什么不同 ,是全国中学生物学教师很关注的。用简单的一句话来说 ,它的特点就是把“生物世界”融入大自然中 ,即把生命科学和其他自然科学的内容整合在一起。7～ 9年级的中学生仍处于形象思维为主的阶段 ,他们仍然是从整体上看自然。本教材的突出特点是把自然界作为一个整体 ,将物质、能量和信息三个基本概念贯穿始终 ,注意跨…     

短视频在少儿图书营销中的战略优势及布局——以湘少社为例

新的技术催生了新的媒介,新的媒介又催生了新的经济增长点。短视频无疑是近两年在新经济形态中扮演重要角色的新媒介。短视频的媒介属性决定了其传播优势,大到综合性的国际知名出版公司,小至小众的私人出版企业,都纷纷试水短视频营销。由于受众群体的特殊性,少儿图书更契合短视频营销。少儿社要着力打造自身的短视频团队,未雨绸缪,构建矩阵营销模式,在自身无法提供强大的制作团队时,则以外包或者与主流视频媒体合作的形式,以期达到营销目的。     

Chance in Science: The Discovery of Electromagnetism by H.C. Oersted

Ignoring the role of chance in science distorts the nature of the scientific process. Teachers can address this issue by means of several in-depth historical case studies, such as the discovery of electromagnetism by Oersted. Oersted was led to his lecture experiment by logic (two new hypotheses), but its success from the first trial was largely due to chance. Reproducing Oersteds experiment in the classroom complements the story by allowing students to see for themselves the role of some accidental factors, such as the choice of materials and instruments. The message to students is that chance and logic go together in science.     

基于人工神经网络的C．TEST阅读理解题目难度的预测研究

实用汉语水平认定考试（简称C．TEST）是用来测试母语非汉语的外籍人士在国际环境下社会生活以及日常工作中实际运用汉语能力的考试。由于C．TEST的考试题目公开,题库数量较小,所以通过一般标准化考试采用的在部分目标被试中实施预测（fieldtest）的方法来获取考试题目的难度参数存在困难。然而,人工神经网络技术作为现代人工智能研究的成果,在预测（prediction）领域发挥了很大作用。本文选取C．TEST（A—D级）的阅读理解题目作为研究材料,运用人工神经网络技术对其难度进行预测,得到了网络预测难度值与实际考试难度值显著相关的研究结果。这一结果表明,利用人工神经网络模型对语言测验的题目难度等参数进行预测是可行的。     

A student-centred approach: a qualitative exploration of how students experience access and success in a South African University of Technology

This article investigates students’ understanding and students’ experiences of access and success at a Higher Education Institution. There is a growing discourse around how students at Higher Education Institutions experience access and success. These discussions are imperative so that educational practices, university systems and processes as well as educational development initiatives can be tailored to meet the needs of all students. This specifically relates to issues of how students access the university, both epistemically and culturally and what their stories of success are in their path to and through the university. Qualitative research methodologies have been used for data collection and analysis. This article describes a six-month pilot study, which falls under the Siyaphumelela (‘we succeed’) student success project. In this pilot, forty-five interviews were conducted with undergraduate students. This article is underpinned by Tinto’s theory of integration. Moving away from the discourse of unprepared and underprepared students, our approach advocates that institutions prepare better for students who have not had the advantage of acquiring the necessary skills and knowledges that would assist them to be successful in their higher education journey. This study has found that the institution is already providing services which are much needed by students for their success. However, an extension of these systems needs to take place so they reach the entire student population. Our approach in this project is holistic because we understand that how students experience access, success and student centeredness is intricately linked to becoming university students.     

Using manipulatives to support an embodied approach to learning trigonometry in a South African school: A case study

ABSTRACT

Multiple Intelligence Theory suggests that individuals perceive knowledge in eight different ways. This article reports on a study that explored the role of manipulatives in the teaching and learning of trigonometric ratios in grade 10. The approach attempts in addressing three domains of the Multiple Intelligence Theory (linguistic/verbal intelligence, logical/mathematical intelligence and spatial intelligence). The foundation of this research was a case study contained in the interpretative paradigm involving five grade 10 mathematics pupils at a high school in South Africa. The data was collected from: (1) activity sheet containing written responses of pupils; (2) observations; and (3) semi-structured interviews. The data was analysed and it was found that the use of manipulatives in teaching and learning mathematics played a positive role in leaners understanding of trigonometric ratios at grade 10 level. In general the findings of this study supported other research findings that confirm that manipulatives were important mediating tools in the development of conceptual and procedural understanding of mathematical concepts. Besides these pedagogical implications the study proved that the manipulatives effectively consolidated the features of Lesh's model.     

Implementing a teaching approach based on the multiple intelligence theory in a South African school: A case study

Abstract

This article reports on the implementation of a teaching approach based on Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences (MI) at a school in the Hammanskraal area in Gauteng, South Africa. The aim was to determine the impact that such an approach would have on teachers, learners and learner performance. This article discusses the implementation process and the impact thereof on learner results and conduct, as well as learners' opinion on the implementation of the MI approach in the classroom. The study showed that the implementation of a new approach should be monitored regularly and that teachers should receive ample support. An MI approach to teaching had a positive influence on learners' conduct and academic achievement. It also made learners more aware of their own strengths and weaknesses and how to overcome weaknesses. Learners indicated that they prefer an MI approach in teaching.     

Case Studies of School Improvement in East Africa: A New Addition to School Effectiveness Research

This article gives an account of how and why the term 'value added' has come to be used in an educational context, focusing on the early years of that usage in the UK. It discusses the fact that the term value added has developed, has been understood and defined in diverse and sometimes conflicting ways; and identifies what are called 'functional ambiguities' in the term; that is to say, ambiguities which cannot be altogether eliminated because they are necessary to how the term is made to function. Nonetheless, some criteria emerge in the course of the article for making evaluative judgements of what should and should not count as meaningful definitions of value added.