颗粒材料力学性质的离散元数值模拟

基于颗粒离散元法对二维颗粒体进行了双轴压缩数值模拟.将离散系统中的变形与连续体中相应的变形联系起来,应用于颗粒离散元方法中平均应力的计算,比较了不同颗粒形状、颗粒间摩擦系数对颗粒体的微观-宏观力学性能的影响,并分别考虑了不同摩擦系数下,颗粒颗粒间接触力的法向分量和切向分量对剪切应力的贡献.本文的计算结果表明颗粒的形状和表面性质对颗粒体的力学性能有显著的影响.     

Modelling of URM Walls Retrofitted with Cable: A Comparison Between a Basic Mechanical Model and Distinct Element Method

The Australian love of "heritage" buildings (most of them are unreinforced masonry (URM)) means that greater attention is required to secure their performance under seismic or impact loading in the future. A research project has been carried out to develop a new, economic and high strength retrofitting technique for masonry structures. A series of experimental testing on URM walls retrofitted with an innovative technique by cable system have been conducted. In this paper, an analytical model which is based on distinct element method (DEM) is developed to simulate the behaviour of retrofitted walls. In DEM, a solid is represented as an assembly of discrete blocks. Joints are modelled as interface between distinct bodies. It is a dynamic process and specially designed to model the behaviour of discontinuities. In order to assist the practising engineers to design this new retrofitted wall system, a simple mechanical model was also developed to predict the strength of the retrofitted walls. The results obtained from this simple mechanical model are compared with those from both experiments and distinct element model.     

基于主干河流修正TIN构建的DEM平原区河网提取

平原地区的河网提取一直是基于数字高程模型(DEM)的水系提取的难点。尝试利用主干河流修正不规则三角网(TIN),以提高DEM平原地区地形模拟的精度(基本方法为利用已存在的主干河流线,对其所经区域进行高程赋值,约束TIN的构建,然后进行DEM模拟),基于此进行平原区河网提取。实验表明,此种方法下,平原区提取的主干河流与实际河流有较大的吻合。     

测量絮团分维数的新方法

描述絮团分形结构的定量参数分维数可用沉降法、图像法等进行测量。本文提出了一种测量絮团分维数的新方法,即通过测量絮凝体系的表观粘度而获得絮团的分维数(文中名之为粘度分维数)。为此,将絮团依据其空间特征分成四类:分散的单体颗粒、线状絮团、面状絮团及体状絮团,类比说明体系粘度为分散相及各类絮团对体系粘度贡献的线性叠加。通过颗粒碰撞理论及絮团的绕流阻力分析殊途同归地得出了体系粘度与各类絮团分维数的数学模型。依据该模型,可以同时测量不同类型絮团的分维数,并使定量分析絮团的相对组成成为可能。     

雨介质的介电常数模型及其参数估计

得出了电磁波在有耗介质中衰减分贝数的表达式,将这种衰减与文献资料相结合,建立了雨介质对电波衰减的等效介电常数的系统辨识模型,得到了该介电常数与降雨率、电波频率的函数表达式。在电波的衰减上,模型所得结果与文献[8]所给结果完全一致,表明了模型的正确性。本章所用方法简单明了,为研究随机粒子对电磁波的衰减提供了一条新的途径。     

DEM地形表达的尺度效应及其主控因子研究

论文在介绍DEM地形分析尺度体系的基础上,重点针对DEM地形描述自身,阐述了DEM地形表达的五大尺度效应和影响DEM地形表达尺度效应的五大主控因素,以及高保真DEM构建亟待解决的关键问题等。论文对深化DEM尺度问题研究,实现高保真DEM的构建和应用具有一定的指导意义。     

双层等厚筛性能研究及振动参数优化

为研究振动参数对双层等厚筛筛分效率的影响,采用离散单元法(DEM)模拟5种不同粒径的颗粒在不同振幅、筛面倾角、振动频率下的筛分过程。运用多项式逼近方法对仿真结果进行曲线拟合,得到拟合度最好时的筛分效率与振动参数关系图。最后,选出最好筛分效率下的振动参数进行正交试验。结果表明:双层等厚筛筛分效率最优的参数组合为振动幅度7mm、振动频率14Hz、筛面倾角17°。     

Discrete element analysis of a cross-river tunnel under random vibration levels induced by trains operating during the flood season

Floods result in many problems, which may include damage to cross-river tunnels. The cross-river tunnel, as a new style of transportation, deserves a large amount of attention. In this paper, a large-scale cross-river tunnel model is proposed based on discrete element method (DEM). Micro parameters used in the model are calibrated by proposing a triaxial numerical model. Different in situ strata, high water pressures of normal flood-water levels and random vibration levels induced by running trains are taken into account to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of a high-stress tunnel in deformation and stress analysis. The results show that the upper half of the tunnel, including the concrete lining and the surroundings, is at higher risk than the lower half. Vibration waves transferring into the surroundings undergo an amplification process. The particles of the surroundings at the vault of the tunnel separate and move downward and then reassemble during the dynamic vibrations. The vibration levels, represented by particle accelerations, are lower under flood conditions than those under normal conditions. As train speed increases, the acceleration of the track and particles in the foundation increases, accompanied by a decrease in deformation.     

闽江沿岸景观三维重现研究

以4D数据为基础,利用三维地理信息系统软件IMAGIS,通过数据预处理、三维建模、纹理映射、三维场景生成等过程,建立了福州滨江景观三维可视地理信息系统.该系统具有数据集成管理、信息查询分析、规划方案比较、规划方案三维预评价以及成果输出等功能.并提出系统建立过程中应注意的问题,如DEM格网大小设置、模型数据量控制、避免多面重合以及设置纹理存放路径等.     

Effect of bedding direction of oval particles on the behavior of dense granular assemblies under simple shear

Initial fabric anisotropy can greatly affect the shear behavior of particulate materials during shear. The bedding plane effect induced by particle orientation is one of the main fabric anisotropic factors that may affect other factors. It is hard to experimentally examine the effect of bedding direction of particles on the shear behavior of particulate materials, such as sand. A 2D discrete element method (DEM) is employed in this paper to study the influence of different orientations of oval particles on the behavior of dense assemblies under simple shear. As well as the macroscopic shear behavior, the evolution of particle orientation, contact normal, and inter-particle contact forces within the samples with different initial bedding angles during shear have been extensively examined. It was found that the initial bedding direction of the particles has great influence on the non-coaxiality between the directions of principal stress and principal strain increment. The bedding direction also affects the strength and dilatancy responses of DEM samples subjected to simple shear, and the samples with larger bedding angles exhibit higher shear strength and larger volume dilation. A modified stress-force-fabric relationship is proposed to describe the effect of particle bedding direction on the shear strength of samples, and the new equation can better describe the stress-force-fabric relationship of assemblies with initial anisotropic fabrics compared with the existing model.     

三峡水库静库容计算模块的VC＋＋实现

介绍了基于VC＋＋开发动态链接库的步骤。依据DEM数据构建了三峡水库静库容计算算法．具体阐述了基于VC＋＋计算三峡水库静库容的实现过程。使用属性表单的向导模式实现动态链接库的参数传递，并以显式方式实现动态链接库的链接。     

泰宁1：1万DEM的生成及应用

以福建省泰宁县为例，详细给出了在Surfer 8.0中利用地形图生成DEM数据的具体流程和实际步骤，并进一步在Erdas Image 8.7中生成了坡度坡向图和三维模拟飞行，经实践证明该方法确实能快速有效的生成大批量的DEM基础数据，且经济实用，为其它地区批量生成DEM和DEM的应用提供了借鉴。     

泰宁1∶1万DEM的生成及应用

以福建省泰宁县为例,详细给出了在Surfer 8.0中利用地形图生成DEM数据的具体流程和实际步骤,并进一步在Erdas Image 8.7中生成了坡度坡向图和三维模拟飞行.经实践证明该方法确实能快速有效的生成大批量的DEM基础数据,且经济实用,为其它地区批量生成DEM和DEM的应用提供了借鉴.     

Application of digital elevation model in delineating drainage networks

1 Introduction1 Drainage network is of wide application in hydrological and geomorphological studies. It can be used for not only rainfall-runoff simulations on the watershed but also simulations of the transport of non-point source pollutants. Drainage network composition data can be used for geomorphologic evaluations [1]. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is digital records of terrain elevations for ground positions, and is also the main data for watershed analyses, which usually has three fo…     

Comparative study and error analysis of digital elevation model interpolations

Researchers in P. R. China commonly create triangulate irregular networks （TINs） from contours and then convert TINs into digital elevation models （DEMs）. However, the DEM produced by this method can not precisely describe and simulate key hydrological features such as rivers and drainage borders. Taking a hilly region in southwestern China as a research area and using ArcGISTM software, we analyzed the errors of different interpolations to obtain distributions of the errors and precisions of different algorithms and to provide references for DEM productions. The results show that different interpolation errors satisfy normal distributions, and large error exists near the structure line of the terrain. Furthermore, the results also show that the precision of a DEM interpolated with the Australian National University digital elevation model （ANUDEM） is higher than that interpolated with TIN. The DEM interpolated with TIN is acceptable for generating DEMs in the hilly region of southwestern China.     

低酸度淋洗离子色谱法测定大豆中的植酸含量

本文以含 Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)的溶液为淋洗液,以 Fe(Ⅲ)—磺基水杨酸为柱后衍生体系,在国产分离柱上分离了磷酸与植酸。利用 Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)与植酸的络合作用缩短了植酸的保留时间,使植酸可在低酸度(PH=4)下被洗脱,实现了植酸的快速离子色谱分析。利用此法,测定大豆样品中植酸的含量,得到满意的结果,本法比文献已有的方法更简便.     

Discrete element modeling of sand behavior in a biaxial shear test

The mechanical behavior of sand is very complex, and depends on factors including confining pressure, density, and drainage condition. A soil mass can be contractive or dilative when subjected to shear loading, and eventually reaches an ultimate state, referred to as the critical state in soil mechanics. Conventional approach to explore the mechanical behavior of sand mainly relies on the experimental tests in laboratory. This paper gives an alternative view to this subject using discrete element method （DEM）, which has attracted much attention in recent years. The implementation of the DEM is carried out by a series of numerical tests on granular assemblies with varying initial densities and confining pressures, under different test configurations. The results demonstrate that such numerical simulations can produce correct responses of the sand behavior in general, including the critical state response, as compared to experimental observations. In addition, the DEM can further provide details of the microstructure evolutions during shearing processes, and the resulting induced anisotropy can be fully captured and quantified in the particle scale.     

SVM颗粒运动形态及其能量耗散的预测分析

基于离散单元法建立了圆柱形颗粒阻尼器的仿真模型,研究了阻尼器内颗粒在不同激振条件下的运动形态及其能量耗散大小。为了获取两者之间的定量关系,应用基于网格搜索法(GS)的支持向量机(SVM)建立了颗粒运动形态的分类预测模型及其能量损耗的回归预测模型,对颗粒运动形态的分布及其能量损耗的大小进行了预测,并通过仿真进行了验证。结果表明:基于GS方法优化的SVM能够建立一个预测准确度很高、推广泛化能力很强的分类和回归预测模型,该预测模型不仅能够很好地揭示颗粒系统在不同运动形态下的能量耗散的变化规律,而且还能在较大的激振条件范围内确定系统能量耗散最大值及对应的运动形态。     

基于小波变换的DEM多尺度分析模型的研究

介绍了小波、离散小波变换和多尺度分辨分析的基本思想及利用小波分析对空间数据进行多尺度表达的三个模型．利用小波分析的方法和模型简化DEM数据并对DEM数据进行多尺度表达．实验结果表明，这些模型和方法对DEM的多尺度表达效果非常明显．     

Numerical Analysis of Soil Plug Inside Suction Foundations During Suction Penetration by Discrete Element Method

The phenomenon of the soil plug usually rising inside the suction foundations during suction penetration was quantitatively described and predicted. The formation process of the soil plug was simulated and calculated by DEM （discrete element method） model. The seepage flow, the self-weight of soil, the friction on the chamber wall as well as the suction inside the chamber are considered as the main external forces in the process. The results are compared with a set of laboratory model tests performed by using three soil types （sand, silty clay and clay） in the Bohai Sea area. The heights of soil plug from numerical estimations are lower than those from model test results, mainly because the suction pressure and friction resistance are applied in an ideal way under the numerical simulation.