COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN GERONTOLOGICAL RESEARCH: IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH TRAINING

The recent and continuing evolution of computer technology promises to have a substantial impact upon the field of gerontology. This paper reviews the potential applications for computer methods in geronto‐logical research. Some types of research in gerontology are already dependent upon computerization, but it is highly probable that many types of research endeavors not currently employing computer methods will do so in the near future. The paper develops the rationale for this argument and then considers the issue of how graduate curricula for training research gerontologists might be revised to incorporate training of computer methods on a more systematic and detailed basis. Useful principles for these curriculum modifications are illustrated by proposing changes in the author's graduate training program. The basis of the proposed changes is the development of a microcomputer laboratory specifically dedicated to research training.     

科研过程、科研能力以及科研训练的特征分析

科研和科研训练是研究生教育特别是博士教育阶段的重要功能．对其过程和特征进行分析对于推进研究生教育实践,提高研究生培养质量都具有积极的意义。科研过程由于其知识对象具有专业化、前沿性及综合性的特征,相应地也具有专业性、探索性、批判反思性的特征。科研能力可以大致分为认知能力或者说心智水平、实践操作技能和缄默知识三种类型。科研训练必须在实际的研究过程中训练,在具体的学术环境中潜移默化,同时科研训练的规训特征也要求训练程序的严格性和程序性。     

人文社科研究生科研参与、科研产出及其差异研究

鼓励研究生在校期间参与各种科研活动,提升创新能力和学术水平,是提高研究生培养质量的重要途径之一。通过对某高校520位研究生的调查,发现目前人文社科研究生在科研活动的参与等方面总体上表现良好,但同时也存在着一些问题。利用多元logit模型进行回归分析,发现提高研究生科研参与的数量和深度以及增强研究生的科研兴趣,更利于创新能力的培养,提高科研产出。最后,在数据分析的基础上提出了如何促进研究生科研参与及产出的建议。     

学科交叉研究生培养研究综述及思考

构建多学科集成与交叉的培养环境与机制,培养未来能够解决综合性重大科技和社会问题的复合型创新人才已经成为各国研究生教育发展的共识和趋势,也是研究生培养模式改革的重要课题。对国内外有关学科交叉研究生培养研究的已有成果进行综述,在总结与分析现有成果的同时,指出了对学科交叉研究生培养研究需要进一步研究解决的问题,同时也提出了几点思考。     

Project Infusion: teachers,training, and technology

ABSTRACT

This paper describes a teacher training project at Barry University in Miami Shores, Florida. The purpose of this project is to develop, implement, and evaluate a model for providing district‐wide teacher training in the use and integration of instructional technology to achieve curricular goals that are competency‐based and designed to be world class standards. The project was funded by the US Department of Education's Fund for Innovation in Education for a period of three years. During that time, 284 elementary teachers received graduate credit at Barry University for participation in an intensive course on the infusion of technology across the curriculum and for conducting teacher training at their own schools. This paper describes the teacher training model and preliminary results of the project.     

医学学术型硕士研究生科研驱动式培养模式的研究

医学研究生教育是医学模式中的高层次教育,担负着培养高素质医学人才和发展医学科学技术的双重任务,医学研究生的教学质量直接影响到医学事业发展。医学学术型研究生培养的侧重点在于学术理论、实验研究和科研能力训练。随着科学技术的快速发展和不断进步,学术型研究生培养在课程、培养平台以及培养方法等方面面临着新的挑战。针对当前学术型研究生创新教育的改革形势,滨州医学院以提升创新能力为核心,采用科研驱动式培养模式,将科研意识、科研能力和科研精神培养贯穿于研究生培养全过程。在医学学术型硕士研究生教育中,推行模块式课程体系与科研化教学模式;组建跨学科导师团队;建立多元化综合性考核评价体系。将参与科研训练与传授理论知识相结合,通过参与系统化、规范化培养模式,使研究生的科研水平得到显著提高。     

“核心专题互助研讨式”课程模式创新研究——以社会保障法学课程内容为例

研究生教育作为更高层次的教育阶段,培养具有创新性科学研究能力的人才是其核心任务,也是评价高校研究生教学质量的最重要标准。“核心专题互助研讨式”课程模式强调专题性、互助性和独立性,充分挖掘学生的自主学习潜能,变学生的被动学习过程为主动探寻知识过程,从而有助于解决当前法科研究生科研创新能力不强的问题。     

航空工程全日制专业学位硕士高水平人才培养提升与实践

随着科技的进步与发展,社会对新型工程创新人才的需求越来越迫切。全日制专业学位硕士是一种高层次、应用型、复合型新型工程创新人才,其教育是一种全新的研究生培养模式。文章以航空工程为例,在剖析当前专业硕士教育中存在的问题及原因的基础上,从"创新专业硕士的培养理念,引导其全方面发展""引导社会力量积极参与专业硕士的培养过程,构建协同创新的培养体系"和"改革研究生课程教学方式,完善课程考核体系"三个方面提出了如何培养出高水平的专业硕士研究生的方法和措施。     

Memory Research in Counseling: A Perspective and Some Hypotheses

The purpose of this article is to outline a perspective for memory research in counseling. The primary audiences were graduate students and supervisors of students planning research plus counseling researchers interested in investigating memory issues in counseling. The importance of memory processes in counseling is briefly reviewed. The authors then present a broad perspective for memory research in counseling and levels of processing, and examine a series of hypotheses that are tied into current work in counseling. The overall heuristic of levels of processing is followed by an examination of the reformulations of the position and how these may result in testable counseling hypotheses. This type of thinking should be valuable to counselor educators as they conduct their own research and help their students plan research programs. In addition, there is potential for applications of memory research to training and practice.     

关于研究生教育中实践能力培养方式的探讨

随着社会的发展,知识的重要性越来越凸显。全国各个院校在做好本科生教育的同时,也在积极的致力于研究生教育的研究与发展。研究生教育作为高层次的学校教育,它担负着培养知识创新、技术尖端的高级人才的重任。在这个科技迅速发展,知识日新月异的时代,研究生的教育与培养关系到一个国家的竞争力和发展。国家对于高层次人才的需求导致研究生的招生规模不断扩大,也引起了人们对研究生培养问题的关注和探讨。本文从实际出发,在做好研究生理论知识培养的基础上,着重探讨研究生实践能力的培养方式,锻炼他们分析问题与解决问题的能力。结合目前多数大学的现状,提出充分利用学校现有的实验室资源和导师的项目资源,投身科研工作,于实践中培养科研能力。     

创新型药学研究生人才培养的实践教育探索

文章为培养创新型人才,利用高校内外、国内国外各方面的优质教育资源,构建开放、集成和高效的多主体协同培养研究生的体系。充分挖掘学校自身潜力,推动硕士生、博士生的基础研究和新药临床前研究等科研创新,构建2个学科交叉创新研究平台;将医院、药检所和药企的创新特色与要求纳入研究生培养内容,构建3个相应的创新创业实践平台;强化学术氛围和加强交流,构建国际学术交流平台,从而形成了开展研究生实践教育的立体网络,为培养产学研一体化的创新型药学研究生人才发挥积极作用。     

Anatomists provide the foundation for learning pathophysiology

The need for interdisciplinary graduate training programs which prepare students to conceptualize the application of their research in clinical settings continues to grow. Though several programs have been cultivated to address this need, demand still outweighs supply. The following describes a curriculum developed with the intent of incorporating medical knowledge into a PhD graduate training program. Development of this Molecular Medicine program by the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine in collaboration with Case Western Reserve University was funded by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute "Med into Grad" initiative. The core curriculum of this program begins with a foundation in Human Physiology and Disease course in which anatomy faculty introduce students to a basic overview of gross anatomy structure and function. This course is followed by five fundamental basic science courses, a composite course focusing on principles of clinical and translation research, a course on laboratory techniques and three, 12-week research rotations. In the second year of the program, students begin their dissertation research, complete their qualifying examination, and partake in an individually tailored Clinical Experience course. Interdisciplinary graduate programs like this provide another venue for faculty in anatomical sciences to help aspiring translational scientists relate basic science knowledge to human pathophysiology and health.     

Responsive Classroom?: a critique of a social emotional learning program

This paper looks critically at the Responsive Classroom (RC) program, a social/emotional learning program used ubiquitously in elementary schools for teacher and student training, in the US as well as in Australia, the UK, and other parts of Western Europe. The paper examines empirical studies on RC’s efficacy and outcomes, many of which were conducted under the aegis of a single developmental psychology lab and in US schools. The paper critiques the faulty and potentially dangerous assumptions behind these studies, many of which adhere to obsolete ideals about developmentalism and perpetuate a harmful hegemonic positivity. The paper then examines the language and materials published by RC on its Web site, with an eye toward understanding precisely what the curriculum of RC is and what are its potential shortfalls for students and teachers. Finally, the author argues for an incorporation of theory from psychoanalysis and curriculum theory, as well as philosophical critiques of neoliberalism, for evolving a more nuanced view of difficult and emotional behaviors in the classroom. Literary theory is evoked in order to argue for the complexity of human emotion and the danger inherent in glossing over difficult experience. The paper closes with implications for further research into RC and other similar programs.     

Live and Learn: Informal Learning Among Future Professionals

Although most workplace learning occurs informally, instructional design and technology professionals often focus their attention on more formal interventions, such as training. This article addresses a research study that examined the perception and use of informal learning strategies among instructional design and technology graduate students, the future members of the workforce of instructional designers and performance improvement practitioners. Results of this study may have implications for both instructional design and technology graduate programs and managers of instructional design and technology teams in organizations.     

新一轮研究生教育改革下我国研究生奖助体系及其人才培养研究

研究生奖助体系作为研究生教育中的重要组成部分,保障在读研究生生活、引领研究生教育发展、提升研究生教育质量方面起着至关重要的作用,其激励导向与研究生人才培养的质量也具有重要关系。文章梳理新中国成立后研究生奖助体系发展的七个阶段,分析新时期研究生奖助体系与人才培养的特点,揭示新一轮研究生教育改革中研究生奖助体系与人才培养在价值理念、评价标准与培养策略、发展互动方面的有效衔接,提出未来中国研究生奖助体系与人才培养将向注重产学研协同创新、激发研究生发展潜力等方面转变。     

研究生教育:从美法德经验论我国的问题与出路

美国、法国与德国的研究生教育历史悠久,很多办学经验是值得借鉴的,秉承培养科研人才的办学宗旨使得这些国家的研究生具有较高的含金量.我国目前的教育状况已经在一定程度上脱离了这个宗旨,部分学生的硕士或博士学位获得目的并不是为了从事科研事业,并且学位论文的质量也非常令人堪忧.研究生教育中存在诸多问题:学位变成敲门砖;教育中存在马太效应;教育过程严进宽出;教育模式一成不变;课程设置与社会需求不对称;科研精神不断弱化.为了改变这种现状,就需要不断完善研究生的教育制度,在净化科研队伍的过程中保证研究生的质量,使得传统的科研精神得以传承     

创新与引领:教育技术学硕士生培养改革的探索与实践——以江苏师范大学为例

如何培养运用信息技术促进教育变革的高级专门人才,是后信息化时期教育技术学研究生培养必须解决的大课题。实践表明,通过创新目标为培养教育信息化的建设者、研究者、创新者和教育改革的设计者,创设新的课程体系,采用跨国远程教育、跨校委托培养、能力目标导向培养、研创式教学、助奖激励、项目培养等措施推动培养模式改革,以"三师"、"优博"、"借师"为抓手提升师资队伍水平,可使教育技术学硕士生培养适应新形势,引领新发展。文章概括分析了江苏师范大学教育技术学硕士研究生培养改革的做法和经验。     

The relationship of prior training and previous teaching experience to self-efficacy among graduate teaching assistants

This study, based on the theoretical model of Teacher Self-Efficacy proposed by Denham and Michael (1981), explored the effects of prior training, previous teaching experience, and certain demographic variables on the teaching self-efficacy of graduate teaching assistants. An adapted version of the Self-Efficacy Toward Teaching Inventory (Tollerud, 1990) was administered to a sample of graduate teaching assistants. Graduate teaching assistants with prior training endorsed a significantly higher level of self-efficacy than those with no training. Correlational analyses demonstrated significant positive relationships between prior training and previous teaching experience with level of self-efficacy. Multiple regression analysis indicated that previous teaching experience explained a significant amount of variance in self-efficacy. Results are discussed in light of the current training and utilization of graduate teaching assistants, and suggestions for future research are offered. is with the College of Education     

提升高校大型科研仪器在研究生培养中效能的思考

高校如何通过整合、优化科研资源,建立和制定有效的大型科研仪器共享管理机制,发挥大型科研仪器在研究生培养中的功能作用,提高研究生培养质量,提高大型科研仪器的投资绩效,是众多高校急需解决的现实问题。     

英国研究生教育多样化及其启示

文章阐述了英国研究生教育多样化的特征，并对其形成原因进行了分析。最后总结了英国研究生教育多样化对我国研究生教育改革的启示。