Political party affiliation and presidential campaign discourse

This study investigates the question of whether the political party affiliation of presidential candidates influences the nature of the discourse they produce in political campaigns. Analysis of primary and general debates, primary and general television spots, and acceptance addresses from 1948 to 2000 demonstrates systematic differences between the messages invented by Republican and Democratic presidential candidates. Democrats discuss policy more, and character less, than Republicans. Democrats attack on policy more, and character less, than Republicans. Democrats emphasize Democratic issues (e.g., education) more than Republicans, whereas Republicans stress Republican issues (e.g., defense), more than Democrats. Finally, Republicans emphasize the character traits of sincerity and morality more, and empathy and drive less, than Democrats.     

The role of the 1976 televised presidential debates in the political socialization of adolescents

On the day immediately following their viewing of the first Carter‐Ford televised debate, 156 junior‐high‐school students were interviewed to determine the role of interpersonal communication, media exposure patterns, and family and social environments in the prediction of perceptions of victory and learning about the candidates by adolescents. It was found that parents' social class was the best predictor of adolescents' perceptions of the importance of the debates, whereas the best predictor of the. students' ability to attribute victory to one of the candidates was interpersonal communication prior to and immediately following the telecast. Results are discussed in terms of previous findings, which reflect low importance of the debates in political socialization.     

高校专业设置滞后的多元分析

从教育学、管理学和经济学的角度对我国高校专业设置滞后进行分析,其原因是当代人主义教育的复兴、高校专业设置权的不足和存在专业调整成本。因此,对策在于正确认识科学主义教育和人主义教育的关系、扩大高校专业设置权和理性对待专业调整成本。     

A functional analysis of presidential television spots: A comparison of Korean and American ads

This study applies the Functional Theory of Political Campaign Discourse to the television spots from the 2002 Korean presidential campaign. TV ads appear to have become an institutionalized component of the Korean presidential campaign; as yet no study has examined the most recent Korean presidential ads. Like American candidates, Korean presidential candidates rely more on acclaims (positive utterances) than attacks (negative statements). They also rarely defend in spots. The incumbent party candidate, Roh, offered more acclaims than the challenger Lee, whereas the challenger Lee used more attacks than did Roh. However, unlike American candidates (who emphasized policy over character), policy (issue) and character (image) were almost equally discussed in Korean advertisements. Unlike American presidential candidates, the winner in Korea in 2002 emphasized character more than policy. It is clear that presidential campaign messages from these two cultures possess both similarities and differences.     

A multidimensional motivation instrument

Individual empirical studies of motivation show little divergent validity of various factors and call for better measures, especially multidimensional instruments. The same conclusions were reached from a meta analysis of 40 motivation studies by Uguroglu and Walberg (1979). After a study of approximately 50 instruments that measured motivation constructs of social, emotional, and physical self-concept; locus of control; and achievement motivation, among others, a 23-anchored-item questionnaire using a five-point scale was developed that included these factors. The instrument was administered in May of the first and second year to 115 students in grades three through eight. The purpose of the research was to operationalize and field test a motivation instrument using multidimensional measures; also to consider whether any change would occur in the correlation of a multidimensional instrument to various achievement measures over unidimensional ones. Results of the study show the correlations of motivation to academic achievement, test-retest reliability, and the predictive validity of a multidimensional instrument.     

A multidimensional analysis of changes in mathematics motivation and engagement during high school

Despite concerns about declining interest and enrolments in mathematics, little research has examined change in a broad range of constructs reflecting mathematics motivation and engagement. The current study used an 11-factor model of motivation and engagement to evaluate levels of maths motivation compared to general academic motivation and to assess group-level and individual-level changes in maths motivation during secondary school. In a multicohort-multioccasion design, Australian students completed an adaptation of the Motivation and Engagement Scale in two consecutive school years. Ratings in mathematics were lower than general academic motivation on several scales but particularly on the planning and task management scales and for the year seven cohort. Mean ratings of valuing and task management decreased over the two years, while stability of mathematics motivation was moderate. Girls reported stronger anxiety, uncertain control and failure avoidance than boys, despite also reporting greater mastery focus. The findings demonstrate that a multidimensional model facilitates a differentiated analysis of possible reasons for a waning interest in mathematics.     

Using multidimensional scaling for curricular goal analysis

Multidimensional sealing and related analytic procedures were used to estimate the accuracy of a set of goals used to pattern the design of a graduate curriculum. The analysis suggests that this goal set faithfully represents the essential elements within the area of professional practice to be taught. The procedures described have utility for a wide range of goal-focused analyses.     

浅议运动记忆规律在游泳教学中的应用

文章对运动记忆规律的内涵进行了简要的阐述,分析了游泳技能学习过程中运动记忆的特点,在以上基础上详细探讨了运动记忆规律在游泳教学过程中的应用.     

Contentious dialogue: University presidential response and the 2016 U.S. presidential election

ABSTRACT

In recent years, technology has made it possible, and at times critical, for college and university presidents to increase their campus-wide public communication. However, there is little research that analyses these frequent and timely presidential communications. Using grounded theory, this study took steps to fill this gap by analysing the unprecedented response campuses had to the 2016 United States presidential election of Donald Trump. The analysis focused on the responses of presidents from the fifty state flagship universities and found emergent themes of unity, contentious election, negative event, university values, civil dialogue, services offered, and emotional rhetoric, while also finding significance in whether the letters were sent proactively or reactively.     

Cosmopolitian-local: A multidimensional construct

Cosmopolitian-local, an attitudinal construct, has been used to predict and explain the variation in the manifest professional behavior of professionals in complex organizations. Recent research on university faculty members' attitudes has demonstrated the validity of a five-dimensional model of the construct. Factor analytic studies indicate that the five-dimensional model can serve as a standardized measure of professional orientation more plausibly than either the unidimensional or the two-dimensional models. The five dimensions of the more complex model are: professional commitment, commitment to organizational goals, organizational immobility, concern for advancement, and reference group orientation. These dimensions are significantly correlated to selected biographical, behavioral, and organizational variables.     

美国大学发展史上巨人校长的领导过程与特征研究

19世纪中后期美国高等教育出现了一次重大转型,推动这一过程的是一批巨人般的大学校长。他们的领导过程包含了理念和愿景的建构,引领大学实现与外部环境相适应,建设性运用权力,努力获取资源等。由此,他们的领导实践形成了与其他时期校长领导不同的特征。     

A multidimensional adapted process model of teaching

Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability - In the present study, we aimed to specify the key competence domains perceived to be critical for the teaching profession and depict them as...     

Writing flexibility in argumentative essays: a multidimensional analysis

Reading and Writing - The assessment of argumentative writing generally includes analyses of the specific linguistic and rhetorical features contained in the individual essays produced by students....     

A comparison of the 1976 and 1978 norms for the WRAT

A comparison of normative data for the 1976 and 1978 editions of the WRAT showed that standard scores are quite closely comparable, except for those on Spelling II, but that grade ratings are not at all comparable at the upper ends of the distributions. In test-retest situations, the same set of norms should be used to evaluate performance on both administrations.     

民意测验与2004年美国总统大选的变量分析——以盖洛普（Gallup）民意测验为例

作为媒体现象，民意测验以其准确性和可靠性不但赢得了在美国大选中的地位，也使得民意测验与总统大选最终结果之间具有了某种关联。在长达9个月的美国总统大选过程中，由民意测验引发出影响美国大选的若干变量，它们与民意测验一起成为观察和研究美国总统大选的一个独特视角。