“学生为主体”校内经营性实训基地建设对学生能力培养的意义

实践教学是提高学生职业能力的重要手段,实训基地是实施实践教学的重要场所,高职实训基地建设对提升学生职业能力和就业竞争力起基础支撑作用。本文阐述了校内经营性实训基地(大学生实验超市)建设对学生进行专业能力、方法能力、社会能力等职业能力培养的意义。     

美国社区学院中的远程职业技术教育

本文从影响社区学院开设远程职业技术教育课程的因素、社区学院中远程职业技术教育课程与方案、社区学院远程职业技术教育课程的入学情况、修学社区学院远程职业技术教育课程的学生特征和远程职业技术教育的吸引(力)、互联网在社区学院远程职业技术教育中的应用等几个方面对美国社区学院中远程职业技术教育现状进行了描述与分析。以期对我国高等职业技术教育中远程职业技术教育的发展提供有益的启示。     

工学结合下高职教育特色与学生就业优势的打造

论述了工学结合下高职教育特色与学生就业优势的打造,以期高职教育在我国高等教育结构中能真正发挥出应有的作用,培养出具有把应用技术转化为技术应用能力的高等职业技术应用型人才,形成高等职业教育特色与学生的就业优势。     

Early career teachers’ sense of professional agency in the classroom: associations with turnover intentions and perceived inadequacy in teacher–student interaction

Teachers’ capacity to learn intentionally and responsively in the classroom is particularly vulnerable during the first years in the profession. This study investigated the interrelations between early career teachers’ turnover intentions, perceived inadequacy in teacher–student interaction, and sense of professional agency in the classroom. The survey data were collected from 284 in-service teachers with not more than 5 years of experience and analysed by structural equation modelling (SEM). The results showed that the negative relation between turnover intentions and early career teachers’ sense of professional agency was completely mediated by perceived inadequacy in teacher–student interaction. The results indicate that experiences of insufficient abilities to solve pedagogically and socially challenging student situations have a crucial effect on early career teacher’s capacity for adaptive reflection and active transformation of instruction.     

高职院校发展定位及发展特色的探讨

发展定位和发展特色是高职院校能否生存和是否有竞争力的关键。文章从高职生源、培养目标和毕业生去向三方面进行了分析,认为高职院校应安于其位,转变办学理念,明确职责,加强服务功能的建设;通过特色专业的设置、师资队伍建设和实训基地的建设创设高职院校的发展特色,以加强高职院校市场竞争力。     

Preparing Students for College and Career in the United States: the Effects of Career-Themed Programs of Study on High School Performance

In the United States, education policy calls for every student to graduate from high school prepared for college and a career. National legislation has mandated programs of study (POS), which offer aligned course sequences spanning secondary and postsecondary education, blending standards-based academic and career and technical education (CTE) content and often including work-based learning opportunities. This study examined the effects of these career-themed POS on high school achievement outcomes in the United States. We used structural equations and an instrumental variable approach to test the effects of POS enrollment and participation in CTE course sequences on GPA and graduation. Results indicated that POS enrollment improved students’ probability of graduation by 11.3 % and that each additional CTE credit earned in POS increased their probability of graduation by 4 %. There were non-significant effects for high school GPA. These findings suggest that POS benefited students in terms of retention at no cost to their achievement.     

Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy,Perceived Stress,and an Integrated Model of Student Persistence: A Structural Model of Finances,Attitudes, Behavior,and Career Development

In response to the extraordinarily diverse adult student population present in college today, a new structural equation model adapted from Cabrera et al. (1993) integrated model of student retention was identified with the addition of three variables: career decision-making self-efficacy (CDMSE), perceived stress and financial difficulty. The study examined the persistence of students (N = 937) 24 years of age or older studying in two-year and four-year degree programs, by combining data from a survey questionnaire and institutional records. Twenty-three variables were included, twelve endogenous variables and eleven exogenous variables, within a nonrecursive structural equation model. The exogenous variables controlled for the background characteristics of the population of adult students examined. Of the twelve endogenous variables of a new integrated model of student persistence, CDMSE, a career development construct related to the perceived vocational futures and career-related tasks of adult students has the widest range of influence among the endogenous variables.     

关于大学生职业规划的深层思考

在就业形势日益严峻的今天,大学生进行职业规划可以增强个人的实力,提升竞争力。但许多大学生并没有真正理解职业规划的实质与核心,在规划中存在诸多问题。本文从理论上、实操上为大学生职业规划提供了一种新的系统思路,引导大学生对职业规划进行更理性、更科学的思考与探索。     

论高校辅导员职业定位的若干问题

随着我国高等教育事业进入体制改革的全面推进和快速发展的新时期,依据学生工作出现的新特点和新情况,高校辅导员的职业观念、工作方案、工作思路以及成长目标都需要进行适当的调整。     

大学生的诚信与成才

诚信在大学生成才中起着重要作用,具体表现为:诚信是做人的根本,大学生要成才先要学会做人;大学生要成才,必须先要有真才实学,而真才实学的获得,要靠诚信;大学生要成才,就要在竞争中脱颖而出并为社会所承认,这也要靠诚信;诚信是一种资源,可以帮助大学生在成才路上少走弯路,是促进大学生进步的强大动力。     

Understanding the development of interest and self-efficacy in active-learning undergraduate physics courses

Modeling Instruction (MI), an active-learning introductory physics curriculum, has been shown to improve student academic success. Peer-to-peer interactions play a salient role in the MI classroom. Their impact on student interest and self-efficacy – preeminent constructs of various career theories – has not been thoroughly explored. Our examination of three undergraduate MI courses (N?=?221) revealed a decrease in students’ physics self-efficacy, physics interest, and general science interest. We found a positive link from physics interest to self-efficacy, and a negative relationship between science interest and self-efficacy. We tested structural equation models confirming that student interactions make positive contributions to self-efficacy. This study frames students’ classroom interactions within broader career theory frameworks and suggests nuanced considerations regarding interest and self-efficacy constructs in the context of undergraduate active-learning science courses.     

高校辅导员队伍职业化、专业化建设分析——基于职业生涯规划教育的视角

高校辅导员队伍的职业化、专业化是提高辅导员工作专业化程度和服务水准的必经之路。大学生职业生涯规划教育是辅导员工作的一项重要内容。本文就高校辅导员在大学生职业生涯规划教育工作中的地位和作用、工作现状进行了分析,阐述了大学生职业生涯规划教育工作为高校辅导员队伍职业化、专业化建设提供了很好的平台和切入点,在此基础上进一步分析了利用职业生涯规划教育推动辅导员队伍职业化、专业化建设的措施。     

The legal side of parliamentary procedure

This article describes the ideal comprehensive community college, a general profile of the community college student, and how a speech communication curriculum can be developed to fit the unique functions of the community college. The authors offer suggestions for a speech communication curriculum in college transfer, technical/career education, community services, and compensatory education programs for the community college.     

Multiple Choices,Multiple Chances: Fostering Re-entry Pathways for First Generation College Students

Student or program deficiencies are the classic explanation for student departure from community college partners of career technical education programs. However, a complex set of factors impact college attendance, persistence, and departure decision-making. Participants' experiences both within and outside program structures can reshape long-term goals. Based on a 7-year study of a population of 256 students, this article examines detailed case studies of 2 students' experiences leaving and reentering community college. It reveals how one program supported multiple exit and entry points. Interconnected educational and career pathways were made visible with the creation of a visual model that situated program experiences in a broader educational and career pathway. Additionally, both the use of creative solutions and adherence to rigid program parameters impacted students' career and educational trajectories. For more effective results, programs should support parallel career planning and encourage participants to question program structures in relation to their needs.     

美国社区学院“责任自愿评估框架”:指导原则、指标、意义与挑战

"责任自愿评估框架"(VFA)是美国第一个服务于社区学院,并由社区学院自愿实施的全国性责任评估计划,其指导原则是:信息必须有价值,容易收集和共享,有利于促进社区学院实现自己的大学使命。VFA指标体系内容包含学生进步及效果指标,劳动力、经济与社区发展指标和学生学习效果指标。对社区学院来说,VFA的使用既带来一定的机遇,也面临一些挑战。     

用科学发展观指导大学生职业生涯规划

职业生涯规划在高等教育大众化、大学生就业形势日益严峻的今天显得尤为迫切与重要。高校应以科学发展观为指导,构建大学生职业生涯规划指导组织体系,加强大学生职业生涯规划课程建设,建立相应的理论体系和实施方案,拓宽大学生职业生涯规划平台,加强大学生职业生涯规划咨询与测评体系建设,注重大学生职业生涯规划指导队伍建设,为大学生成人成才服务。     

Does school context moderate longitudinal relations between teacher-reported self-efficacy and value for student engagement and teacher-student relationships from early until midcareer?

Teachers’ self-efficacy and value represent two central components of their motivation. However, there is a scarcity of knowledge regarding the relevance of value for teaching quality and student outcomes, as well as the extent to which interrelations depend on contextual resources and demands. Engaging students in their learning is an essential aspect of teachers’ work which should promote warm and positive relationships between them and their students. Not only teachers’ self-efficacy for student engagement, but also the value they attach to being able to engage students, should be important for teacher-student relationship quality. Using longitudinal structural equation models, we analyzed relations between self-efficacy and value for student engagement, reported teacher-student relationships, and the potential moderating roles of perceived excessive work demands and the resource of school belonging. Data from 395 Australian teachers in primary and secondary schools encompassed 3 timepoints from the end of teacher education, during teachers’ early career (average 3 years teaching), and midcareer (average 10 years teaching). Informed by social cognitive, expectancy-value and job demands-resources theories, key findings revealed that teachers’ reported relationships with their students at midcareer were predicted only at low levels of perceived excessive demands, by early career self-efficacy and early career value in interaction with self-efficacy. At midcareer, value associated with teacher-reported relationships with students only at low levels of excessive demands, and school belonging. Conversely, perceived teacher-student relationship in early career predicted teachers’ value for student engagement at midcareer. Implications for theory, teacher education and teachers’ professional practice are discussed.     

The Expected Monetary Value of a Student: A Model and Example

ABSTRACT

The authors introduce a model for estimating the amount of revenue a typical student will bring to an institution of higher education. The model uses event history analysis to analyze the length of time typical student will remain enrolled, accounting for the possibilities that the student will drop out, be disqualified by the university, graduate “on time,” or even take more time than the traditional eight semesters to complete a degree program. Once the pattern of enrollment has been estimated, it is a relatively simple matter to estimate the revenue impact of a student during a specific semester by multiplying the per-semester tuition rates by the probability that a student will be enrolled that semester. Finally, the discounted present value of the individual semester revenues provides an estimate of a student's revenue impact over the life of his or her academic career.     

高职院校学生管理工作中存在的问题与对策

目前,高职院校学生管理工作尚未能很好适应高职大学生的管理要求,存在着思想政治教育与学生管理工作脱节,职业规划、就业指导与学生管理工作结合不到位,学生网络思想政治教育与学生管理工作未形成合力,学生自我管理机制不够完善等问题。要解决这些问题,需要高职院校从切实提高思想政治教育课教师的积极性、加强学生工作队伍的专业素养提升、深化职业规划和就业指导在学生管理工作的渗透、完善学生网络管理和教育与学生管理的工作机制、重视发挥学生自我教育、自我管理、自我服务的作用等方面入手,提升高职院校学生教育管理效率,推动高职院校学生管理工作更科学、更健康、更深入地开展。     

Evaluation of creative problem-solving abilities in undergraduate structural engineers through interdisciplinary problem-based learning

For a structural engineer, effective communication and interaction with architects cannot be underestimated as a key skill to success throughout their professional career. Structural engineers and architects have to share a common language and understanding of each other in order to achieve the most desirable architectural and structural designs. This interaction and engagement develops during their professional career but needs to be nurtured during their undergraduate studies. The objective of this paper is to present the strategies employed to engage higher order thinking in structural engineering students in order to help them solve complex problem-based learning (PBL) design scenarios presented by architecture students. The strategies employed were applied in the experimental setting of an undergraduate module in structural engineering at Queen’s University Belfast in the UK. The strategies employed were active learning to engage with content knowledge, the use of physical conceptual structural models to reinforce key concepts and finally, reinforcing the need for hand sketching of ideas to promote higher order problem-solving. The strategies employed were evaluated through student survey, student feedback and module facilitator (this author) reflection. The strategies were qualitatively perceived by the tutor and quantitatively evaluated by students in a cross-sectional study to help interaction with the architecture students, aid interdisciplinary learning and help students creatively solve problems (through higher order thinking). The students clearly enjoyed this module and in particular interacting with structural engineering tutors and students from another discipline.