Academics leave your ivory tower: form communities of practice

Institutions of higher education (HE), public and private, are moving through a crisis period of tapped‐out states, funding cuts, tuition increases and layoffs. It makes good sense to rise to meet these new realities with new ways of doing things, and the places that succeed will be the ones that do. A holistic approach is necessary whereby excellence in teaching and learning as well as research should be the ultimate aim. Among the various ways to achieve this, is the promotion of communities of practices (CoPs) among the academics. Therefore, CoPs are to be seen as an “extension” of any programme to achieve excellence, because as it has been shown it is the sharing of the tacit knowledge that makes the difference in any organisation in its pursuit for a competitive advantage. An HE institution should be considered to be at a greater advantage than any other non‐academic organisation since each staff member is a knowledge worker whose mission is to transmit, create and incorporate new knowledge to the existing knowledge. This paper looks at the possible reasons preventing academics from participating in a CoP. It will be shown that CoPs can play a very important role in a university set‐up.     

eCAF: A new tool for the conversational analysis of electronic communication

Electronic communication is characteristically concerned with 'the message' (eM), those who send them (S), and those who receive and read them (R). This relationship could be simplified into the equation eM = S + R. When this simple equation is applied to electronic communication, several elements are added that make this straightforward act of sending and receiving a message more complex. These new elements are characteristics such as asynchronicity, unknown senders and readers, non-linear text and the absence of non-verbal cues. What is apparent is that the complexity of these messages lies in their impact outside the online environment. It is clear from the messages themselves that the information is being applied to real, authentic contexts and is not limited to the online environment. Conversational analysis frameworks must attempt to understand this complexity if the meaning of electronic messages is to be understood. This paper proposes a new conversational analysis framework, the electronic conversational analysis framework (eCAF), for use with electronic communication. The eCAF has been designed as a new methodological tool that incorporates the unique virtual/real worlds that individuals participate in and links these two locations to the phases of electronic discussions.     

《三家巷》:一个复杂的话语场

通过辨析<三家巷>的主题类型、周炳成长的复杂性,可以揭示文本内部不同话语相互交叉、渗透、龃龉、矛盾所形成的复杂的话语场.同时,还力图说明是哪些话语因素形成了与历史语境的对话关系,从而使作品受到持续的关注,成为一个敞开的话语场.     

语文及语文课程称谓的探讨

<全日制义务教育语文课程标准(实验稿)>把语文课程界定为母语教育课程.这种界定不仅容易引起歧义,导致语文课程性质的社会语言学的视域错位,且与已经颁行4年之久的<中华人民共和国国家通用语言文字法>的有关规定不相符合.应把语文课程标准中的母语、祖国语文、祖国语言文字等改为中国通用语文,它将对新世纪语文课程改革发挥积极的作用.     

A conversational analysis of developments in religious education in Europe and in Turkey

This contribution is focusing on the question: ‘In what way is the issue of religious education in general and Islamic religious education in particular articulated in Europe and in Turkey, and what can be learned from the respective articulations for the interreligious dialogue?’ In the first section, the historical context is presented that makes up the diversity and situatedness of models of religious education (RE) in Europe, and its relation to citizenship education. Then the role of Islam in RE in Europe is addressed. In particular, Islam and RE/Islamic RE in the Dutch context is highlighted. In the second section, the Turkish educational system is described from the Ottoman Empire to the Republican Era, including the position of Islam. Turkey’s present day secularised educational system is presented and the changed position of Islam in education. In the third section, the authors introduce the concept of ‘conversational analysis’ by using ‘European tinted lenses’ to further explore the Turkish articulation of Islam in education, and ‘Turkish tinted lenses’ to explore the European articulation with regard to Islam in RE. Concluding, some interesting aspects are emphasised where European and Turkish educators can learn from and with each other, and some recommendations for further research are given.     

对话式大学英语阅读教学的前景探索

对话式教学由来已久,但将其运用到大学英语阅读教学中却并不多见。大学英语阅读教学中的对话不仅是言语的交流,更是主体间视界的融合、精神的相遇、思维的碰撞和心灵的呼应。文章以社会建构理论,社会文化理论为理论支持,分析大,学生是一个已经掌握了一定的英语知识,已经具备独立思考的能力的群体,即他们能够从自身经验出发通过师生以及生生间的英语对话建构起对话题的深入理解。这个过程既能够充分发挥学生学习的能动性,也能培养合作学习共同探索的意识,建立起良好的运用语言开展阅读教学的自由开放的学习氛围。     

Mother-child conversational interactions as events unfold: linkages to subsequent remembering

The study reported here was designed to examine linkages between mother-child conversational interactions during events and children's subsequent recall of these activities. In this longitudinal investigation, 21 mother-child dyads were observed while they engaged in specially constructed activities when the children were 30, 36, and 42 months of age. Analyses of the children's 1-day and 3-week recall of these events indicated that at all age points, features of the activities that were jointly handled and jointly discussed by the mother and child were better remembered than were features that were either (1) jointly handled and talked about only by the mother, or (2) jointly handled and not discussed. Potential linkages were also explored between incidental memory for personal experiences and deliberate recall of familiar but arbitrary materials. In this regard, children's recall of the special activities was positively correlated with their recall of objects in a deliberate memory task performed at 42 months.     

An analysis of Good Luck Charlie from perspective of conversational implicature

Good Luck Charlie is a popular sitcom which uses simple plot and humorous language to describe a vivid picture of a lovely family. According to linguistics, people should obey four maxims of cooperative principles. However, they sometimes violate maxims to express emotion, avoid embarrassment or create humors. This paper tends to analyze humor in this TV series from the perspective of conversational implicature.     

A bibliometric analysis of higher education literature

The bibliometric laws formulated by Bradford and Lotka have been applied to the literatures of a number of disciplines. In this instance, the laws are applied to citations to journals in 569 papers on higher education. Bradford's Law focuses on scatter, that is, the distribution of use of items; Lotka's Law concentrates on the productivity of authors. The conformity of higher education literature, as represented by the database used, is not perfect with the two bibliometric laws, but the results do suggest that the underlying concepts of the laws may well have applicability to examination of the discipline. A further suggestion is that this kind of examination has implications with regard to the means by which scholarship is communicated.     

文学的多义性浅析

在文学欣赏过程中,我们经常发现同一作品、同一句子、同一词语往往可以有这样的理解,也可以有那样的理解,而且不管是那种理解都似乎有道理,这就是我们平常所说的多义性。那么是什么原因导致这一现象的出现呢?本文拟通过大量的诗词作品及事例围绕这一问题进行探讨,以期揭开其神秘面纱。     

The literature on planned organizational change: A review and analysis

In this paper, the state of the art of the literature on change is examined in an attempt to explain why most attempts at change in schools fail. The historical development of modern change studies is traced from the early 1940s to the present. This evolution is analyzed and evaluated and some probable future directions in the literature are suggested. Finally, some preliminary conclusions are drawn and reasons are suggested for the failure of most attempts at change.     

Children's attitudes towards disability: A review and analysis of the literature

A first step towards the design and implementation of a successful mainstreaming program requires a careful examination of two key issues. First, what are children's attitudes towards disability, and second, what are the critical elements involved in facilitating attitude change? This paper examines the current research literature on children's attitudes towards disability and programs aimed at attitude change. The review culminates in a synthesis of the key themes and issues involved and provides a foundation for further study.     

高职院校如何有效开展创业教育的思考 --5例学生创业者经历个案分析

通过对5例高职学生创业者个案的追踪回访,以他们近2年的创业经历,分析了高职学生这一创业群体在创业过程中的共性和差异,并以此为切入点对现行高职院校在创业意识教育、创业心理教育和创业能力教育及创业知识结构教育等方面存在的问题进行了探讨,指出针对高职院校特点构建适宜的创业教育体系和实践环境是有效开展创业教育的必要措施。     

从会话分析看模糊语言的语用功能

模糊语言(vaguelanguage)就是语言的不确定性(indeterminacy),它不同于含糊和歧义,其使用受到多方面因素的影响。从会话分析的角度看,它具有多种交际功能。模糊语言同精确语言一样,都被广泛使用。     

告别现代主义--简析后现代主义文学

后现代主义是20世纪70年代中期在西方出现的，它经历了一个由概念的产生到问题的论争、再到最后的综合整一的过程。作为一种泛文化思潮，它有着广泛的包容性，与现代主义有某些继承关系。又有新的创新突破，既显示出自身的独特性，又有其局限性。它给我国当代社会的文化予一定启示。     

关联理论对成功推导会话含义的作用

Sperber＆Wilson在他们合著的《关联：交际与认知》一文中提出来的关联理论,是认知语用学的基础,它在语言学界产生了空前的影响,并引起了广泛的注意。正确理解和掌握这种理论的基本观点,探讨认知语境在话语理解中的作用,有利于加深对交际本质的认识,有利于成功理解会话含义,进行成功的社会交际。     

如何看待儿童的“无理取闹”——基于蒙台梭利的视角

儿童的"无理取闹"行为屡见不鲜。玛丽亚·蒙台梭利从自然发展概念出发,对儿童"无理取闹"的原因进行了科学揭示。所谓的"无理取闹",在多数情况下,是处于特定敏感期的儿童的特定需求没有得到满足而引起的一种本能反应。敏感期是儿童"无理取闹"的多发期。解决儿童"无理取闹"行为的科学方法是设计符合儿童自然发展需要的"有准备的环境"。