Guidance and Counselling of the Gifted and Talented in New Zealand

This paper examines the state of guidance and counselling in New Zealand specific to the needs of gifted and talented young people. It considers the policy and practices in education in this domain and guidance and counselling services in this context. Drawing on key literature in this field, it identifies the major issues and needs of the gifted and talented that counsellors should be aware of and be able to address. Finally, it looks at future developments in this increasingly important area of interest.     

Counselling the Gifted and Talented in France: Minimizing Gift and Maximizing Talent

After a presentation of the French school system, we describe how the three principal practices—acceleration, enrichment, and special classes—for the education of the gifted are functioning in France. Then, we deal with the counselling of the gifted through 1) the presentation of the professional involved in these tasks, 2) the role played by the parent associations of gifted children, and 3) the identification practices. For the talented, there are many practices, from primary education onwards, which allow schooling to be reconciled with sports studies or artistic tuition. The concept of “dual project” is introduced: the need for sportsmen/women to elaborate their career plan at the same time as their sporting project. The conclusion stresses that in France, measures for the gifted are not clearly laid out; whereas, provisions benefiting from clear and explicit information have been made for the talented and are encouraged by various institutions.     

Education and Counseling of the Gifted and Talented in Germany

One of the principle reasons responsible for the fact that nurturing the gifted and talented in Germany has (once again) advanced to a pedagogic concern in the 1990’s lies in the dichotomy of equality and excellence. Are these two pedagogic goals actually incompatible, as often maintained in open discussions? After a long period of oscillation between these two poles, in the age of information a new emphasis has increasingly been placed on excellence. “It becomes more and more important for bright students to be using their abilities to stimulate this new era with economic and political productivity. But this will not happen if the current ‘laissez faire’ approach to gifted students continues into the next decade”(Gallagher, 2000, p. 691). Following a short definition of giftedness and related conceptions, arguments for gifted education stemming from the areas of learning psychology and instructional psychology will be discussed. The central problems concerning identification and programming will then be addressed in greater detail. Hypotheses will be developed, on the basis of the ATI model that gifted students need creative, stimulating learning environments. Various approaches will be presented here and discussed in the context of TIMSS and PISA. The second part of the article will deal with guidance and counseling issues with respect to the special needs of gifted children and adolescents and their social contact persons (peers, parents, teachers). In conclusion, German program evaluation, studies in the fields of gifted education, counseling and nurturing giftedness and talent will be presented. The outcomes of these studies and their consequences for improvements for the quality of gifted and talented education and counseling in Germany will be discussed. Excellence is one of the most important educational-psychological challenges of the new century.     

"超常教育""英才教育""天才教育""资优教育"辨

本文通过对“超常教育”“英才教育”“天才教育”“资优教育”等概念的辨析 ,认为“超常教育”过于偏重智力而忽视其它方面的能力 ;“英才教育”是为“少数人集团”服务的教育 ,而他们中间不一定个个都是“英才” ;“天才教育”则过于强调先天遗传的因素 ;而“资优教育”则相对较为科学与合理。因此 ,笔者建议 :统一使用“资优教育”这一概念。     

台湾资优教育探析

台湾资优教育始于1962年,到现在已有五十余年的发展历史。了解台湾地区资优教育的发展概况,探讨台湾资优学生鉴别的相关规定和程序,分析其多元化的实施模式,讨论资优教育的原因和存在的问题,以期对我们的拔尖创新人才培养有所启发。     

发展超常教育需要解决的三个问题

大多数的文化都重视人的才智,然而,很少有国家能够形成持久的文化氛围让这种才智自由发展。缺乏通用定义,过分强调超常学生的学习成就以及缺乏相关的学术研究和评价机制是造成这种困境的原因。要营造超常教育文化氛围,需要找到天赋、天才以及创造力等概念的通用定义;同时,必须承认天才是一个多层面的复杂概念而非仅仅是学习成就上的或者认知性的。另外,必须有效地做好成果的评估工作以及超常儿童的扎实培育和后天开发工作。     

国际数学资优教育的研究综述

在有关数学资优教育的研究中,涉及较多的是对数学资优生的界定、特征、评估及培养途径,许多国家都形成了数学资优生的教育模式。其中的许多成果及实践经验对我国的数学资优教育都具有重要的参考价值。     

Voices in the Wilderness: Counselling Gifted Students in a Swedish Egalitarian Setting

An egalitarian setting; that is, a setting established on an ideological and cultural basis, in which individual differences traditionally is a sensitive and often problematic issue, the counseling of gifted individuals present a particular problem. Sweden provides the setting in which the current study was carried out. This qualitative case study focuses on how one highly gifted individual—a 27-year-old male—has experienced his school years and university training and how successful counselling for him was construed. The case is argued to be fairly typical, and it is also suggested that Received Mentorship might be the only way to counsel a gifted individual in a forbidding egalitarian setting. The article concludes by proposing a number of recommendations for counselors who work in similar settings.     

现代美国天才教育发展的保障与困惑

美国的天才教育一直走在世界的前列。文章以二十一世纪为背景,介绍了美国天才教育发展的现状,包括各方力量是如何在政策、服务、研究、学习这四方面给予支持,来保障其发展的连贯性和稳定性。同时,本文也提及美国在天才教育领域发展中存在的问题．希望对我国的天才教育改革同时起到启发和提示作用。     

英国数学英才教育的实证研究及对我国的启示——基于英国三所中学数学英才学生的问卷调查

英国是世界上公认的重视英才教育的国家,而且其英才教育的理念、培养和评价等教育体系比较成熟。通过对英国三所中学的141名数学英才学生进行问卷调查、个别访谈,结果表明:英国数学英才学生"痴迷"数学,"钟情"创新;数学知识获取方式和学习方式多元化;学习自我效能感高;英才身份认同感强。这些对我国的数学英才教育具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Identifying and Nurturing Gifted Children in Israel

The article describes Israel’s approach to the education of gifted and talented children. It describes the programs for gifted and talented children in Israel and the process for selecting students for these programs. The method of selecting students for programs is consistent with the Ministry of Education’s definition of giftedness, the goals of the giftedness programs, and the characteristics of these programs. The selection method is affected by the standards required of the instruments as well as other constraints, such as the constraints on funding for this purpose.The author of this article is the director of the Szold Institute program for identifying gifted children. The project is funded by the Israeli Ministry of Education     

关于英才教育法律政策的国际比较

法律和政策体系的建立不仅可以引导英才教育的发展方向,而且可以为英才教育的发展提供相应的保障和支持。21世纪以来,越来越多的国家和地区普遍采取了支持英才教育的政策、计划和立法保护。总结和分析国外法律政策的特点,对我国在英才培养目标、鉴别体系、管理机构、课程设置、师资选拔与培训以及经费保障与社会资源支持方面的制度设计具有重要参考和借鉴意义。     

美国英才教育研究评析——以美国国家英才研究中心为例

美国国家英才研究中心（NRC）是美国目前最大、最有影响力的英才教育研究机构。本文通过美国国家英才研究中心及其近年最具代表性研究成果的介绍与考察，旨在使读者对美国目前英才教育及研究现状有一个总体的了解，并为我国的教育工作者提供参考与借鉴。     

美国英才教育中的选拔机制:能力要求与方法选择

英才的选拔是英才教育的起点和重点,美国在英才教育选拔方面积累了宝贵的经验。在能力要求上,联邦政策聚焦于智力水平、创新能力、艺术领域、领导能力以及特定学科领域。在此基础上,州政府对英才的能力要求已形成较大共识,但具体关注仍存在差异;在方法选择上,州政府开发并综合运用推选、标准化测验和其他非正式方法。美国的经验对我国英才教育选拔机制的形成与完善具有很强的借鉴意义。     

加拿大努纳武特地区的多元文化教育

1999年4月1日正式建区的努纳武特地区是加拿大最年轻的省级行政区,这里的多元文化教育的发展,具有因纽特民族和北极地域特征而形成的特殊性.本文从宏观和微观两个纬度,阐述各级政府及社团在其中所发挥的作用以及地区教育机构和学校所实施的具体举措,借此为多元文化教育的研究丰富新内容扩展新视域.     

天才的表现、实质与发展

本文以心理学领域的相关研究结论,首先解释了天才表现的参照系、行为内容和绩效水平;然后分析了天才的内在特殊能力与独特的认知加工过程,以及天才的情感特征与人格特质;最后讨论了天才发展中自然成长与有意训练、常规发展与认知跳跃这两类关系。对天才的深入探索,有助于纠正传统关于“天才”的错误认识,形成科学的天才观和人才观,有效指导人才培养及相应的教育实践工作。     

文学隐喻的"天才"与天才儿童教育

关于天才儿童教育的争论除了源于教育理念本身的差异外,还有一个隐蔽的重要原因,那就是“天才”这个词在我国的社会文化生活中代表了两种截然不同的概念一是文学隐喻的“天才”概念二是专业研究的“天才”概念。两种概念的交叉混用导致人们种种不正确的教育观念和行为,严重阻碍了我国天才儿童教育发展的进程。本文拟对“人人都是天才”、“培养天才”这两个隐喻表达在教育中的错误理解和消极影响进行分析,以澄清“天才”的两种概念及天才儿童教育的专业内涵。     

英德两国的高等教育指导与咨询及其启示

本介绍了英德两国高等教育指导与咨询服务体系的主要特征、机构设置、任务、角色和层次,在此基础上进行了比较和总结,并结合当前中国高等教育的实际谈了启发和建议。     

美国数学教育改革与数学天赋学生培养的简略回顾--如何在鱼腹中发现珍珠

数学天赋教育是数学教育改革的重要分支，美国最近20多年的数学教育改革提供了关于数学天赋教育的有价值的经验，天才班并不是培养数学天赋学生的唯一选择，数学教师必须努力在一般课堂中识别数学天赋学生并开发他们的潜能；必须学会运用基本的策略来调整课堂教学以提高对天赋学生教学的能力；必须逐步建立自己的信念，调整自己的知识结构来培养数学天赋学生。     

Family Processes and Psychosocial Problems of the Young Korean Gifted

It is widely known that Korean parents have a high aspiration for providing opportunities of higher education and high expectations for their children’s academic achievement. Young Korean gifted children with ages from four to ten years did not show many psychosocial problems. However, some showed such problems as distractibility and inattentiveness, aggressiveness, helplessness, or psychiatric symptoms, when parents exert pressure, fathers are not involved in education, or parents do not discipline children’s behavior. Korean young gifted children showed high motivation for learning, when parents provide support, help, and supervision on TV watching. Based on the results, it was suggested that parents provide support for learning, rather than pressure on learning, and discipline their children’s behavior when they are young. In addition, fathers need to be more involved in their children’s learning in order to prevent psychosocial problems of the young gifted.