Anti-doping education for coaches: Qualitative insights from national and international sporting and anti-doping organisations

Within anti-doping efforts, an emphasis has been placed on the importance of providing education programmes to key stakeholder groups, including coaches. Yet, very little is known about current coach education provision in the anti-doping domain across countries and sports. Therefore, this study aimed to: (1) establish the current status of anti-doping education for coaches; (2) gain an understanding of the system through which anti-doping education is provided to coaches; and, (3) explore the opportunities for future education provision. This was done through semi-structured interviews with thirteen individuals responsible for managing anti-doping education within national and international sporting and anti-doping organisations. Most stakeholders acknowledged the importance of providing education programmes for coaches. Some already had provision in place and others were in the process of developing programmes. However, the current focus is on sportspeople and the degree to which sporting and anti-doping organisations are able to devise, implement and evaluate anti-doping education programmes for coaches is hindered by the contextual constraints they face. These include a lack of resources and limited interagency coordination, as well as challenges to overcome negative perceptions of ‘anti-doping’ efforts. Taken together, the findings indicate that policy expectations regarding anti-doping education for coaches are not being fully operationalised, and this situation is unlikely to change without: (1) greater direction and regulation of the system through which education is provided; (2) frequent and effective communication and cooperation between Code signatories; and, (3) increased fiscal and human capital investment at every level of the sporting hierarchy. Ultimately, until anti-doping education is shown to be a key priority for decision makers within sporting organisations (i.e., chief executives and board members), it is unlikely to become a central priority for coaches.     

Organisational impression congruence: A conceptual model of multi-level impression management operation in sports service organisations

The management of images projected to consumer audiences is a key task for sport service organisations; however, the number of “touch points” (interactions between employees and consumers) adds complexity to the process. In this article, the authors present a conceptual model of organisational impression congruence (OrgIC), proposing that organisations will elicit positive consumer-related outcomes if there is alignment between the desired organisational image(s), those projected by the organisation at the management/strategic level, and those projected by customer-facing employees. The conceptual model is underpinned by theories associated with impression management, reputation (as an outcome of impression management action), and cognitive dissonance theory as the basis for outcomes of in/congruence. The authors discuss possible implications and outcomes in relation to previous literature emanating from various fields (e.g., sport management, management, and marketing), and suggest directions for future research. Through the model of OrgIC, the authors contribute to theoretical development and discussion, and provide a tool that could be useful for evaluating the way that sport service organisations present themselves to consumers, and other external audiences.     

A community capacity building approach to sport-based youth development

Positive youth development (PYD) is the most popular framework guiding sport-for-development (SFD) research. To date, much of this work has focused on how sport programs are purposefully designed to promote PYD outcomes. However, the youth-context interactions that form the theoretical basis of PYD occur across all aspects of youth ecologies, meaning youth SFD organizations are most effective when they enhance the capacity of communities as well. Although the need to expand current youth-centred perspectives has been noted by SFD scholars, implementing this insight into practice has proven difficult. In this paper, the authors provide a conceptual advancement to the literature through three objectives. First, a theoretical basis for linking PYD and community capacity frameworks is provided. Second, specific capacity building strategies are critically explored within the context of youth SFD organizations. Third, a community capacity building approach to sport-based PYD is presented and discussed in light of key considerations.     

Media and international sporting rivalry: the Anglo-German sporting rivalry and the shaping of international sporting competition between nations

Abstract

This article examines the emergence the sporting angle to Anglo-German rivalry from 1908 to 1920, with the focus upon the Olympic Games. Since the cold war international sport has been awash with rivalries between nations that attempt to demonstrate their superiority upon the sports field. Although certainly not the first international sporting rivalry, but perhaps the first which was emblematic of military tensions. Here, the focus will be upon the British perspective to rivalry. The majority of the primary material comes from the British press chosen because of the wide variety of opinions upon German participation and athletes that reveal aspects of British identity revealed via comment and comparison between the two nations. The rivalry and tensions between Britain and Germany illustrated here spilled over into war in July 1914. In the period before the outbreak of war, British interest in German Olympic participation grew, as did fears of their abilities. While in the period after the conclusion of hostilities in November 1918 illustrated the regard by which Germany was held in after the war.     

发挥体育学科优势促进心理健康教育

从心理健康教育的目的和任务出发，结合体育教学的特殊性以及自己多年的体育教学实践，阐述了在体育教学中如何开展心理健康教育的一些做法。     

海丝体育用品产业联盟构建必要性、可行性及稳定性研究

以发挥21世纪海上丝绸之路核心区产业优势为目的,通过阐述福建体育用品业发展的现状及问题,提出“海丝体育用品产业联盟”的概念,并运用逻辑法分析联盟构建的必要性和可行性,采用古诺模型、塔克尔伯格模型从博弈论视角论证联盟构建的稳定性。研究发现:构建海丝体育用品产业联盟对于优化产业链、促进合作创新、促进产业多极化、加速市场一体化具有必要性;在政策、技术、机制及时间等方面具备实施的可行性;联盟后利润都将增加,稳定性长期得到保障。     

建设体育强国背景下我国传统体育文化对外传播的现状与对策

中华传统体育文化有着悠久的历史,保持自身体育文化的鲜明特色并广泛传播,不仅是建设体育强国、复兴中华文明的需要,也是保持世界体育文化的多元化,促进国际体育和谐、健康发展的需要。然而,目前对异质文化语境下体育文化传播的特殊性重视不够,在传播战略、传播机制、传播技巧、传播意识、传播手段和途径等方面都有所欠缺。因此,应对国际传播的现状和环境进行深入调研,全面把握对外传播的规律;同时,加强内部建设,打造富有中国文化特色的体育文化产品,加大政府扶持力度,明确战略定位,并构建强有力的国际传播网络;借鉴国外典型个案,为我国传统体育文化的单项传播进行整体设计;提高传播意识,重视培养体育文化传播的专业人才,积极推进我国传统体育文化的传播工作。     

Factors affecting the likelihood to engage in adequate physical activity to promote health

The aim of this study was to assess the likelihood of individuals to participate in enough physical activity to promote fitness and, more conservatively, to accrue only health benefits. Sedentary (n = 883; 20.5%) and active (n = 1144; 26.5%) groups were identified from the 1990 Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey of English adults (n = 4316). The data were analysed using logistic regression. Participants were described using 20 variables identified from previous research, six of which made a significant contribution to the model (P < 0.05). The odds of being sedentary increased with age, self-perception of lifestyle problems, and lower scores on education, self-perception of motivation to exercise, perception of own participation in physical activity and recognition of exercising enough for health benefits. The odds of being active were associated with the opposite characteristics to those observed for sedentary behaviour. The extreme scores varied from individuals who may be 385 times more likely to be sedentary, to those who were 29 times more likely to be active, depending on scores on the selected variables. The results of this study provide a means to determine individual propensity to participate in adequate physical activity, and to identify those who may benefit most from health promotion campaigns.     

Factors affecting the likelihood to engage in adequate physical activity to promote health

The aim of this study was to assess the likelihood of individuals to participate in enough physical activity to promote fitness and, more conservatively, to accrue only health benefits. Sedentary ( n = 883; 20.5%) and active ( n = 1144; 26.5%) groups were identified from the 1990 Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey of English adults ( n = 4316). The data were analysed using logistic regression. Participants were described using 20 variables identified from previous research, six of which made a significant contribution to the model ( P ? 0.05). The odds of being sedentary increased with age, self-perception of lifestyle problems, and lower scores on education, self-perception of motivation to exercise, perception of own participation in physical activity and recognition of exercising enough for health benefits. The odds of being active were associated with the opposite characteristics to those observed for sedentary behaviour. The extreme scores varied from individuals who may be 385 times more likely to be sedentary, to those who were 29 times more likely to be active, depending on scores on the selected variables. The results of this study provide a means to determine individual propensity to participate in adequate physical activity, and to identify those who may benefit most from health promotion campaigns.     

Leveraging community sport organizations to promote community capacity: Strategic outcomes,challenges, and theoretical considerations

Community sport organizations (CSOs) provide valuable contexts for promoting community development. These initiatives are most effective when they involve local stakeholders in the process of development. A key first step to achieving this objective is building community capacity, defined as local stakeholders’ skills, knowledge, and resources that may be leveraged for change. Interestingly, despite this conceptual importance, few researchers have focused on capacity building in the sport context. This has limited the theoretical advancement of community capacity theory as it relates to CSOs and community development. Using a qualitative case study approach, the authors analyze the outcomes and challenges of implementing community capacity building strategies in an American CSO, and draw on the empirical data to contribute to this theoretical conversation. Interviews, participant observation, and document analysis were used to generate data, and deductive techniques were used for thematic analysis. The results highlight the outcomes of the capacity building strategies and challenges associated with implementation. In addition, the conclusion focuses on theoretical contributions to community capacity theory, namely the role of sport in facilitating inter-community relations across social groups and the link with process models of organizational capacity.     

农民运动行为及生命质量的健康促进策略研究

探讨农民运动与健康的知识、态度、行为和生命质量特点,为相关的干预研究提供科学依据.对浙江省6市1地区1 117(男551,女566)名农民的生命质量与体育锻炼因素间的关系进行了研究.结果显示:男性农民的生命质量高于女性,并存在显著性差异.造成这些差异的主要原因是与体育锻炼因素不同有关.运动与健康知识、态度、信念和行为对农民生命质量性别差异影响较大.结果提示,在新农村体育建设中,应重视对农民相关体育知识的宣传与教育,转变思想观念,激发锻炼热情,促进和提高其生命质量水平.     

试论霍英东的体育价值观及其对中国体育事业的卓越贡献

本文采用文献研究法和调查研究法等,对霍英东的强身才能强国的体育价值观,以及他对全面恢复中国在国际体育组织的合法席位的作用、多年来捐赠巨款支持祖国体育事业、努力为我国培养体育后备人才、倾力发展祖国各项体育运动等方面作出的卓越贡献进行阐述。     

Using social network analysis to investigate interorganizational relationships and capacity building within a sport for development coalition

Sport for development (SFD) agencies often face issues with resource dependency, where they encounter resource deficiencies and rely upon other organizations to build capacity and attain their organizational goals and objectives. The purpose of this study was to investigate what resource networks existed among agencies within a city-wide SFD coalition and the advantages and disadvantages of their participation. The authors examined an SFD coalition involving 27 agencies and their five resource networks: information, finance, human resources, infrastructure, and strategic planning. Results indicate the SFD agencies developed relationships across the five networks. A subgroup of well-connected agencies shared numerous relationships spanning multiple networks, and they assumed central positions with greater access to resources and more capacity in these networks. Coalition advantages, such as better service delivery to clients, outweighed disadvantages, such as limited time. The findings indicated the potential for SFD agencies to cultivate relationships, gain access to resources, and build capacity within these interorganizational networks.     

老年人健康问题及其健身锻炼

随着我国进入老龄化,老年人的健康问题日益突出,本文从生理心理方面对老年人健康进行分析,指出老年人 更应在科学的锻炼和合理的饮食上加以注意,并加之同朋友,子女等多方面的交流,以减少心理上的焦虑,压抑,等 等。     

From sporting past to future well-being: sport heritage and intergenerational learning in Glasgow

ABSTRACT

This article focuses on the context of private sporting clubs, previously referred to by sports historians as ‘the long residuals of sport’, as important sites of sporting culture and sport heritage in local communities. The project explores the history and meaning of sport through intergenerational collaboration between the academic researcher, primary school children and experienced members of Glasgow Southside's sports community. The research reflects on the process of intergenerational learning, reminiscence and heritage activities to inform future cultural histories of sport, as well as sports development and future well-being. Through a focus on interpreting cultural and social change in Glasgow sport by educating children and elder members of the community in the use of sport media archives, as well affording opportunities to examine the usefulness of intergenerational communication in community settings, the project investigated the cultural transmission of sporting cultures of the past, and its influence over, or disconnection from, contemporary sporting practices of young people. The article concludes that by acknowledging and sharing the heritage of private sport clubs, such ‘communities of practice’ have an important role to play in fostering stronger socio-cultural ties between clubs, their members and young people.     

心育与体育的综合干预对研究生应对能力及心理健康的影响

通过文献资料、心理测量及数理统计等研究方法调查分析了浙江工业大学研究生在心理压力及生活事件方面的现状,并采用团体心理辅导与拓展体育训练相结合的综合干预方法对研究生进行了实验研究.结果表明:在生活事件的负性事件、恶性事件、总分、学习、婚姻、家庭、工作与经济、人际关系的频度和强度因子上,研究生的得分均高于本科生,且在婚姻和家庭因子上存在显著性差异;实验干预后,研究生的应对方式、心境和心理健康状况都产生了积极的改善,对团体心理辅导及拓展体育训练活动满意并认为有所收获.     

体育与健康课程实施的发展策略

课程实施是体育与健康课程理想得以实现、课程价值赖以生成的重要途径,是达成体育与健康课程愿景的战略通衢。为了切实提升体育与健康课程改革由课程愿景转变为课程现实的科学性和实效性,必须强化如下策略:体现中国特色,创新体育与健康课程实施的运行机制;树立新观念,真正发挥课堂教学的主渠道作用;注重实效,大力推广大课间体育活动;重视条件建设,提供强有力的课程资源保障;科研引路,充分发挥课程研究的牵引作用。     

义务教育体育与健康课程标准实施策略

《体育与健康课程标准(实验稿)》经过近10年的实践探索,在取得显著效果的同时也出现许多不足之处.修订后的《义务教育体育与健康课程标准》于2012年秋季开始执行.通过对实验稿实施过程中存在的不足进行分析,提出修订稿在具体执行中的6个策略:构建全员培训机制,注重培训实效;加大学校体育软硬件建设,确保有效实施;建立“督查督办”机制,强化执行严肃性;加强课堂管理,创建良好课堂教学环境,促进规范实施;加强与高等学校体育专业人才培养的对接,增强实施底气;利用农村广阔天地的独特性,推进农村学校体育的有效实施.     

Challenges and strategies of building and sustaining inter-organizational partnerships in sport for development and peace

While sport management scholars have explored inter-organizational partnerships and their associated challenges, they have devoted less attention to inter-organizational partnership development and sustainability in sport for development and peace (SDP), particularly across a wide range of organizations with varied missions and foci. Hence, the purpose of this qualitative study was to examine challenges faced by SDP organizations when forming and sustaining inter-organizational partnerships across contexts and partnership types, and to uncover strategies they have employed to overcome these challenges. Common challenges encountered across 29 SDP organizations included competition for resources, skepticism of sport as a development tool, unequal power relations, misaligned goals and mission drift, and implementation issues. Strategies included focusing on building relationships and networks, demonstrating benefits to partner, starting small then diversifying, keeping focused on mission and goals, involving partner, and treating the partnership as a business relationship. Theoretical extensions and practical implications are discussed, along with directions for future research.