我国社区学院发展现状、问题与对策

社区学院是最早在欧美应运而生的成人高等教育机构,其主要职能是高等职业教育、大学转学教育、补偿教育、社区教育和人文素质教育。20世纪90年代中期以来,我国许多省、市、区主要依托电大相继成立了社区学院,并取得了良好的社会效益。近年来,在我国创建学习型社会,构建终身教育体系的过程中,社区学院发展遇到观念、定位、管理等许多问题,必须通过加大宣传、加强管理等策略加以解决。     

A Wish List for the Advancement of University and College Counseling Centers

University and college counseling centers continue to meet emerging challenges in higher education. This article addresses three issues: the need for a more unified organizational structure to represent the profession, the potential value for counseling centers in seeking accreditation, and the importance of specialized training for those entering this professional field.     

Small College Counseling Centers:

College counseling centers have experienced continued change and development in roles and functions since their inception in the 1930s. Recent shifts include a focus on personal counseling, the broadening of services, and an increased severity in student problems. Administrative policy, restricted staffing, and limited budgets particularly impact small college counseling centers. This article explore these issues through a case study format and discusses the concurrent philosophical and training implications as challenges for the small college counseling center of the 1990s.     

Predicting women's college experiences from life history data: A four-year study

The present study was conducted over a four-year period to determine if life history or biographical information could be used to predict various college experiences of women. At the beginning of their freshman year, 897 women were administered a comprehensive life history questionnaire. During the last quarter of their senior year, 327 women (who received the life history questionnaire four years earlier) completed an inventory which assessed major dimensions of college experiences. Results indicated that life history data could be used to make longitudinal predictions of women's college experiences. The results were discussed in terms of their implications for counseling students in higher education.     

A Multi-Institution Look at College Students Seeking Counseling: Nature and Severity of Concerns

This study provides information about students seeking counseling (N = 3,844) at 9 institutions of higher education. The K-PIRS, an empirically validated measure, was used to assess 7 problem areas (mood difficulties, learning problems, food concerns, interpersonal conflicts, career uncertainties, self-harm indicators, and addiction issues). Forty-two percent of students presented with multiple problems, and most reported that their concerns interfered with their academic (87%) and social (90%) functioning. A majority of students (61%) were in a stage of contemplation when seeking counseling. Only 24% were in a stage of action. There were small differences in problem scores by participants' gender, ethnicity, year in school, type of residence, work status, previous treatment, and use of psychiatric medication. Implications are discussed for counseling practitioners working with college students.     

Providing Psychological Counseling in Community Colleges: Even Greater Challenges and Fewer Resources

Community college counseling is often not well understood in the “university-centric” higher education community. In fact, work at community college counseling centers typically involves an exaggerated version of the challenges found at university counseling centers. At a community college, there are usually vastly fewer resources from the college (number of staff, facilities, and overall financial support), and the student clients often face many more struggles (economic, academic, and psychological). Recently, various professional counseling organizations have begun including community college counselors, and expanded collaboration between those who work at community colleges and at universities benefits all.     

Addressing Sexual Assault on College Campuses: Guidelines for a Prevention/Awareness Week

The authors discuss concepts that are related to providing education and training regarding sexual assault, as outlined by the Crime Awareness and Campus Security Act of 1990, as amended in 1992. Because college counseling center staff members often initiate and plan campus outreach prevention programs, an outline is provided of a prevention/awareness week intervention that is designed to address sexual assault on university and college campuses.     

心理咨询技术在思想政治教育中的运用

心理咨询和思想政治教育是相互联系、相互交叉的两门学科,它们在大学生的健康成长、全面发展过程中都起着重要的作用。在目前的工作实践中,将心理咨询与思想政治教育有效结合既具有必要性又具有可行性。将心理咨询中的优秀技术运用于思想政治教育,不仅可以改善思想政治教育的效果,促进思想政治教育的深化,而且可以在更高层次上引导学生,最终促进其全面发展。     

Is there a gap between students’ preference and university presidents’ concern over college ranking indicators?: a case study of “College Navigator in Taiwan”

In order to help students make well-informed choices, reliable college ranking systems with comparable information about higher education institutions worldwide have been welcomed by many students. Because traditional college rankings had many methodological problems, a new type of user-based ranking, called “personalized college ranking” started to develop in many nations in the late 1990s. In 2008, Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan (HEEACT), launched a ranking project called “College Navigator in Taiwan” which developed the first Asian student-based college search engine to provide local and international students with transparent information on Taiwan’s higher education institutions. The main objective of this paper, therefore, is to compare the rational, strategies and pathways for establishing personalized college rankings. In order to analyze the gap between students’ preferences and university presidents’concerns over ranking indicators, HEEACT’s “College Navigator in Taiwan” is adopted as a case study at the end of paper.     

Integration or Separation? Addressing Religious and Spiritual Issues in Multicultural Counseling: A National Survey of College Counselors

Given contemporary ethical concerns, the authors conducted a national survey of 216 college counselors’ perceptions of integrating religious and spiritual issues in multicultural counseling and counselor education. Using cluster analysis, the authors identified 4 patterns of commitments to multiculturalism and religiosity. Respondents demonstrated ethical bracketing in that they considered religious and spiritual issues favorably within the framework of multicultural counseling, irrespective of their commitments to those topics. Counselors can openly address spiritual and religious diversity.     

浅谈高校思想政治教育与心理疏导

高校思想政治教育注重对学生思想、观念实施有目的的影响,以期塑造大学生的思想意识;而心理疏导则强调对个别学生的心理问题和心理困惑进行疏导。目的在于提高大学生的心理素质和心理承受能力。从高校思想政治教育和心理疏导的内涵和意义入手,提民出了高校思想政治教育与心理疏导的关系和心理疏导在大学生思想政治教育中的重要意义。     

Reasons for Utilizing Mental Health Services as Predictors of College Students’ Alcohol Risk

The authors examined college student drinkers’ (n = 153) reasons for seeking counseling services and risk for alcohol problems. Students seeking help for impulse‐ or anger‐related issues and depression were at heightened risk for alcohol problems. Only 10% of students sought alcohol‐related help despite high rates of hazardous alcohol use (80%) and dependence (39%). Targeted screening and intervention in college counseling centers may enable providers to effectively identify and treat students in need of alcohol treatment.     

心理咨询运用到高校辅导员工作的可行性研究

随着我国市场经济的发展,社会发生复杂而深刻的变化,多元文化和多元价值观往往令大学生们无所适从,心理问题日益凸显。然而,当前高校心理咨询还远不能满足大学生心理发展的需要。高校辅导员作为大学生思想政治教育的骨干力量,积极学习心理咨询知识,适时开展大学生心理辅导显得尤为必要。     

Character Style and Career and Educational Concerns in College Students

College students frequently present at college counseling centers with career and educational concerns. While these concerns are often developmental, they may also be symptomatic of underlying characterological issues. Character is defined as habitual behavior patterns and modes of resolving conflict that emerge from the individual's relationship with significant others during critical stages of early development. This article reviews the predominant traits and etiology of five character types frequently seen in the college population (i.e., obsessive-compulsive, self-defeating, hysterical, narcissistic, and borderline) and their manifestation in the type of career and education concerns with which students on college campuses typically present.     

大学生朋辈心理辅导的实践与探讨

当前大学生心理健康问题日益突出,而且大学生心理健康教育中存在方法单一和相关的软硬件不足等问题。朋辈心理辅导是高校开展心理健康教育的一种新形式,也是心理健康教育非常有效的方法之一。多年的大学生朋辈心理辅导的实践表明:大学生朋辈心理辅导的特点突出,实施方式多样,实践效果非常明显。大学生心理健康教育必须倡导朋辈心理辅导,并将其和思想政治教育有机结合起来,这对大学生形成客观的自我意识、培养积极的个性品质,使其向健康、文明的方向发展有重要意义。     

MINNESOTA COMMUNITY COLLEGE FACULTY ACTIVITIES AND ATTITUDES, 1956–1980

A six‐page questionnaire sent in 1980 to a 25% random sample of teachers in Minnesota's 18 public community colleges provides information that is compared with similar information collected in 1956 and 1968. The nature and extent of professional activities, sources of satisfaction and dissatisfaction with careers, attitudes toward collective bargaining, and some demographic variables of Minnesota community college teachers are described and compared.

Minnesota community college faculty members in 1980 were generally contented, as they were in 1956 and 1968. In all periods they spent most of their time on teaching‐related activities. Although the proportion involved in consulting with schools, business, and industry has doubled in the past 12 years, faculty involvement in off‐campus services is still limited. Research and scholarly writing is not a function of most of the faculty. About three‐fourths of the respondents supported collective bargaining in 1980. The most serious source of dissatisfaction, reported by 40% of the respondents in 1980 was inadequate salary. The chief source of satisfaction reported in all three periods was the opportunity to help college‐age students learn and develop. Implications of the results for a re‐examination of community college functions are discussed.

The pecking order in this state does not reflect the major contribution of this system to higher education. Working conditions, particularly in terms of load and support services are primitive. Financial rewards, the status and extra income of consulting fees are severely limited. I can no longer afford five percent salary increases and twenty percent inflation. I am currently looking for a position in private industry, which seems to have the resources education does not. (Sociology instructor)

I cannot remember a profession/job that could be more personally rewarding, spiritually constructive or totally satisfying as college teaching. (English/history instructor)     

河北省高职学生心理健康状况及其教育的对策

高职院校的大学生作为中国高校学生中一个特殊群体,存在着不同程度的心理问题。本文通过对河北省高职院校大学生心理健康现状及心理健康教育状况的调查分析,提出高职院校应完善心理健康教育教学体系,全面开展心理咨询与辅导,注重教育方法的灵活性,加强心理健康教育的师资队伍建设,学校教育与家庭教育相互配合。     

Adapting Dialectical Behavior Therapy for College Counseling Centers

College counseling centers report increased student presentation with severe psychological issues (Gallagher, 2012 ). Although dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) has demonstrated efficacy with multiple clinical populations, standard model DBT is not feasible for many traditional college counseling centers. This article describes the iterative development and evolution of a comprehensive DBT program adapted to fit the scope of a traditional college counseling center. Guidelines for implementing lessons learned over the 3 years of the program are provided.     

Trainees Versus Staff: Exploring Counseling Outcomes in a College Counseling Center

Investigators compared counseling outcomes among nonpaid graduate-level trainees and professional staff at a college counseling center. Counseling outcomes for 331 college student participants were measured using the Outcome Questionnaire 45.2 (OQ45.2), employing a pretest–posttest design. The two groups of service providers did not differ significantly (p = .179; α > .05). A unique aspect of this study was the statistical control for the clients’ readiness to change. The implications for practice in college counseling centers suggest the use of graduate-level trainees as effective counseling providers and a method to cope with high demand for services.     

高校心理咨询工作中值得注意的几个理论问题

本文通过对高校心理咨询与心理治疗、心理教育关系的分析、认为从我国国情出发,只有对三者的工作目标、任务、对象、模式、内容、方式方法等严加区分,才能有效地做好上述三种工作;通过对高校心理咨询内容和重点的分析,认为随着科技进步和教改的推进,应将发展性咨询作为我国高校心理咨询的重点。明确这两个理论问题,不仅对纠正我国高校心理咨询实践中的工作偏差和充分发挥心理咨询在高校教育中的应有作用十分必要,且对于把握高校心理咨询工作的发展方向至关重要。