动态对等与汉语文化词语的翻译

该文根据奈达动态对等的翻译理论,阐述文化词语的概念及其跨文化交际中的地位,从解说词语的概念意义和联想意义两方面入手,着重比较汉英文化词语的差异,并借助汉语文化词语翻译的一些基本策略剖析以上翻译的错误,探究汉英跨文化交际翻译中文化词语的翻译原则与对策.     

英汉词汇联想意义对比研究

词汇的联想意义是人们在长期的语言实践中，在概念意义的基础上，运用联想的方式，通过象征、类比等心理手段所构建的语义世界。词义是社会历史发展的产物，不同文化背景下的语言，其词的联想意义有很大的区别。掌握词语的联想意义，能使我们更准确地理解词义，进而掌握词汇的交际功能和语篇功能，提高语言运用能力，提高英语教学水平。     

从动物词联想意义看中英文化的差异

英汉民族的文化有其共性，更富于个性，在言语交际中，词语的字面信息并不难接受，而附加于词语之上的联想意义即文化信息，由于受交际交际文化差异的制约，人们对同一客观事物联想到的特性所引起的情感往往也因民族不同而各异，本文试探讨一些与禽兽相关的词语在不同的文化环境中所引起人们相同或不同的联想。     

跨文化交际中汉英词汇语义的非对应联想研究

词汇是语言的基本要素,其丰富的文化内涵往往体现出不同民族的文化特点。在汉英语言中很多词语虽然具有相同的概念意义,但由于东西方文化的差异,这些词语往往负载着不同的联想意义。以利奇的语义学理论为基础对词汇联想意义的语用价值及汉英词汇联想意义的非对应性进行分析研究有助于跨文化交际的顺利进行。     

魏晋名士言语交际中的词语联想

联想是言语交际必须具备的能力之一,联想能力突出表现为词语联想能力。善于联想有助于语言的表达和理解;积极地进行联想是一个人富于智慧的表现。《世说新语》记写的魏晋名士的言语活动,其中大量的交际言语是用词语联想方法去组织的。词语联想是魏晋名士在特殊背景中的独特思维方式。研究他们用词语联想方式构成的交际言语,可以为当代的言语交际提供借鉴。     

词语文化意义的二重对立倾向

本提出词语的化意义存在二重对立倾向，并从语义范围和词语范围两个方面探讨了词语化意义二重对立的表现形式和存在范围，提出：化意义存在二重对立的词语必须具有以下某一个条件：词语的化意义具有多重性，词语的语言意义具有相对性；化意义的二重对立正反映了这些词语在各种社全化交际背景中的本来面貌。     

词语的联想意义分类和语用交际失误

词汇反映社会文化,英汉文化差异往往对词汇联想意义产生影响,从而导致语用交际失误。本文把词语的联想意义分为形象联想、象征联想、感情联想和语用联想四种,作者运用对比手法对英汉词汇的联想意义进行分析,说明学习一门外语必须掌握词汇中的文化内涵和联想意义,只有这样才能培养学生的语言运用能力,避免交际失误。     

跨文化差异与植物词语的翻译

语言是文化的载体，翻译是一种跨文化交际。英汉语中表示各种不同植物的词语都很丰富。由于英汉民族的文化背景和传统习俗的不同，导致植物词引起的联想意义不一致。探讨英汉植物词语方面存在的跨文化差异和翻译，对跨文化交际具有积极的指导意义。     

语用视角下的“秋”与“autumn”的语义对比分析

根据符号语义学理论,词语的语义涵盖了多个层次的意义。其中概念意义是词语的核心意义,是对客观事物或现象的一个概括性的描述;语用意义是附加在词语概念意义上的意义,是在特定的语言环境中所表现出来的特定的意义,反映了语言使用者所属的文化特征。同一概念意义的词语在不同的文化中语用意义或有对应,或有不同。汉语“秋”和英语“autumn”的语用联想意义就体现了中英文化的差异。     

网络数字谐音词语浅论

目前网络数字谐音词语有招呼语、简单的日常用语和表示爱情的词语等三类。数字和社会化没有关系，和所谐汉字也不一一对应。它适应网络交际的简约性，又和汉族人的谐音化相联系。互联网的开放性和青少年的求异求新心理促成了它的广为传播。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…