多逆变器并网条件下新型孤岛检测方法研究

多逆变器并网孤岛检测方法包括被动式孤岛检测和主动式孤岛检测两大类。文章首先分析了一种主动式多逆变器并网孤岛检测方法,即注入负序扰动电流的孤岛检测法。针对该方法的缺点,提出了一种新型被动式多逆变器并网孤岛检测方法,即小波技术与神经网络相结合的孤岛检测法。该方法先利用小波变换技术获取相应的信号特征,再利用神经网络根据其获取的信号特征对分布式发电系统的孤岛或非孤岛工作状态进行辨识。仿真结果表明,该方法有很好的孤岛检测性能,且检测时间短,同时不会影响系统的稳定性和供电质量。     

Frequency-feedback based islanding detection algorithm for micro-grid

The unintentional islanding of micro-grid may cause negative impacts on distribution loads and distributed generations, so it must be detected within the acceptable duration. In this paper a new islanding detection algorithm is proposed. This algorithm introduces the frequency feedback method by the reactive power compensation to derive the frequency continuous shift. Accordingly, the islanding can be detected by monitoring the frequency within 0.1 s. The simulationresults prove that this algorithm has extremely small non-detection zone, and meanwhile it presents an excellent islanding detection speed as well.     

在工程应用中ip-iq谐波检测算法改进与仿真研究

谐波检测是有源电力滤波器非常关键的一环,只有准确地检测到谐波才能进行合理补偿。为了克服有源电力滤波器中ip-iq算法补偿效果在电网波动和负载变化时出现下降的不足,提出了一种改进的ip-iq谐波及无功电流检测方法,在寻找某一小频率范围内的最优滤波器的基础上,根据电网和负载变化以及模糊隶属函数进行实时投切。该算法提高了补偿后的稳态响应。改进后的算法在工程应用中具有很强的帮助作用。通过simulink仿真证明方法的有效性。     

智能微网中平衡负载下逆变器并联控制研究

传统下垂控制没有考虑本地负荷和并联逆变器间线路阻抗等因素,无功功率不能实现准确分配,系统稳定性也会随之降低。为了实现对无功功率的合理分配,在微网系统传统下垂控制算法基础上,在电压电流双闭环控制中设计虚拟阻抗,以降低有功和无功耦合程度。然后针对低压微电网中线路阻性成分较大的问题,设计虚拟负阻抗的下垂控制算法,从而进一步降低了有功和无功耦合程度。仿真结果表明,改进下垂控制前后均可以实现对有功功率的合理分配。传统下垂控制的无功功率无法合理分配,偏差达到了 20%。加入虚拟阻抗控制算法后提高了无功功率分配精度,引入虚拟负阻抗的控制算法可使该精度进一步提高。因此,相比传统下垂控制,加入该控制算法后逆变器可以获得更好的功率分配效果。     

基于两阶段Stackelberg博弈的实时电价分布式优化

以降低峰均比即平衡负载时序为目标,采用用户用电计划和效用函数两个指标对家电进行分类,在提出的效用最大化用户目标函数基础上设计两阶段Stackelberg博弈模型,通过用户的个体优化行为实现对实时电价的分布式优化,最终达到博弈均衡。仿真结果显示,其系统负载下降了14%,峰均比下降了47%,且新机制下的负载时序和电价时序相较原负载时序与电价时序实现了明显的平衡效果,表明该模型能够有效降低峰均比并平衡负载时序,提高电力系统负载稳定性。     

中频发电机变频电源的自抗扰技术研究

针对目前中频发电机在满载时,采用开环控制运行下,系统抗干扰能力较差的问题,提出了一种基于自抗扰控制器（ADRC）的逆变器控制方法。自抗扰控制器完全独立于被控对象的具体数学模型,把系统所有不确定因素与外部扰动归结于系统总扰动,通过扩张状态观测器（ESO）对扰动进行观测,然后利用非线性状态误差反馈律（NLSEF）进行补偿。仿真和实验结果表明,所设计的自抗扰控制器能有效抑制负载及永磁发电机的干扰,具有良好的动态特性及较强的鲁棒性。     

自动按频率减负荷装置算法研究

电力系统发生事故出现较大的有功功率缺额引起频率下降,预算在不同有功功率缺额、系统不同条件下频率下降的程度及变电站中的自动按频率减负荷装置每级切除的负荷量,一些学者提出了较多、较复杂的计算公式.文章在对负荷的静态特性研究的基础上,提出一种新的简便计算方法,将负荷调节效应公式进行演化,用一基本公式可直接计算多种参数,更易记忆、理解和实现机算.     

GRONWALL定理在消除铁磁谐振分析中的应用

唯一稳态消谐法是近年出现的消除非线性系统谐振新的分析方法.该方法的基本思想是如果非线性系统存在一个非谐振的正常解,并且该系统具有唯一的稳态,则此时对应的条件就是系统不发生谐振的条件.该文将这一方法应用在中性点接地电力系统铁磁谐振的分析中,以GRONWALL定理为工具,得到了相应的消谐条件.文章的结果表明,消除谐振的条件可以用一个矩阵的稳定性条件来决定,并用数值模拟进行验证,结果正确,同时也说明唯一稳态消谐法有效性.     

恒流电子负载的创新设计与实现

为满足对直流电源试验要求,提出了一种采用滞环控制的恒流电子负载模拟功率负载系统的方法,用该方法研制了恒流电子负载装置.试验结果表明,该恒流电子负载能根据所设定的负载性质自动调节负载电流,满足直流电源的试验要求.     

基于NAT的Free BSD负载均衡网关研究

为了达到最佳的负载均衡效果，将负载分给多个服务器分担，负载控制器需要根据网络流量状态和服务器资源来分配负载，这就需要应用优化的负载分配策略，达到平均分配负载的目的，本文讨论了特定流量条件下网关数目的计算模型，分布式路由策略实现负载分配的策略的方法，并研究了基于网络地址转换在Free BSD unix环境下实现负载均衡网关的方法。     

电力系统的保护和可靠性研究

为了保护电力系统各种设备,提高电力系统可靠性控制,必须合理的设置以整个电力系统为对象的保护控制系统。本文从电力系统保护的基本设想、防止电力系统事故波及的基本对策为基本出发点,对电力系统频率异常的保护系统、电力系统失步的保护控制系统、电力传输设备过负荷的保护控制方式、电力系统的可靠性控制等进行了分析,并提出了设想和对策。     

Cubic Spline Solutions of Nonlinear Bending and Buckling of Circular Plates with Arbitrarily Variable Thickness

The cubic B-splines taken as trial function, the large deflection of a circular plate with arbitrarily variable thickness,as well as the buckling load, have been calculated by the method of point collocation. The support can be elastic. Loads imposed can be polynomial distributed loads, uniformly distributed radial forces or moments along the edge respectively or their combinations. Convergent solutions can still be obtained by this method under the load whose value is in great excess of normal one. Under the action of the uniformly distributed loads, linear solutions of circular plates with linearly or quadratically variable thickness are compared with those obtained by the parameter method. Buckling of a circular plate with identical thickness beyond critical thrust is compared with those obtained by the power series method.     

p-q和ip-iq两种谐波检测方法的仿真对比

针对基于瞬时无功功率理论的p-q和ip-iq两种谐波检测方法建立了仿真模型,并在电网电压有无畸变时进行了仿真和对比。结果表明,ip-iq法在电网电压有无畸变时均能从负载电流中准确地将谐波检测出来,而p-q法只在电网电压无畸变时,才能将负载电流中的基波分量和谐波分量有效地分离开。本研究为在谐波抑制中合理选取谐波检测方法提供了理论依据。     

Dynamic voltage regulation and power export in a distribution system using distributed generation

The major aim of power quality （PQ） enhancing techniques is to maintain a specified voltage magnitude at a desired frequency for sensitive loads irrespective of faults on the power distribution network. The dynamic voltage restorer （DVR） is a device used to mitigate voltage sags to regulate load voltage. This paper presents a mathematical model for leading series voltage injection to mitigate sags thereby achieving the improvement of the utility power factor as well as power sharing between the DVR and utility. The power sharing will be as per requirement to compensate the sags considering the available distributed generation （DG）. The approach of mitigating voltage sags using the concept of leading series voltage injection is suitable for those locations where phase shift in the voltage will not cause any problem. The MATLAB/SIMULINK SimPowerSystem toolbox has been used to obtain simulation results to verify the proposed mathematical model.     

单相光伏逆变器的改进型孤岛检测方法

分析光伏逆变器在并网时的安全保护问题,详细分析了孤岛效应检测的基本原理,提出了一种主动式移相孤岛检测和过／欠压／频的被动式孤岛检测相结合的反孤岛效应方案．使用DSP进行数字控制实现逆变器的孤岛检测,完成了孤岛硬件保护电路和DSP软件设计,实验结果表明,该孤岛检测方案快速可靠,检测所需时间远小于国际标准所规定的最大检测时间．检测盲区非常小,确保系统安全和高效运行．     

基于LCL型光伏并网电流谐波抑制的控制方案

新能源光伏发电并网系统中的逆变器、非线性负载以及变压器等器件产生的谐波,会影响电能质量和安全。为了抑制系统中的谐波,使输出电流很好地跟踪并网电压,实现输出电流的稳定性,提出一种带锁相环和电压反馈双电流环的LCL型光伏并网逆变器谐波抑制方法。对逆变器控制系统进行分析,建立数学模型,通过MATLAB/Simulink搭建仿真系统。仿真结果证明:该方法可以有效抑制谐波,提高电能的供电质量,满足新能源光伏并网系统对电流谐波畸变率的要求。     

Adaptive Controller for Vehicle Active Suspension Generated Through LMS Filter Algorithms

The least means squares (LMS) adaptive filter algorithm was used in active suspension system. By adjusting the weight of adaptive filter, the minimum quadratic performance index was obtained. For two-degree-of-freedom vehicle suspension model, LMS adaptive controller was designed. The acceleration of the sprung mass,the dynamic tyre load between wheels and road,and the dynamic deflection between sprung mass and unsprung mass were determined as the evaluation targets of suspension performance. For LMS adaptive control suspension, compared with passive suspension, acceleration power spectral density of sprung mass acceleration under the road input model decreased 8-10 times in high frequency resonance band or low frequency resonance band. The simulation results show that LMS adaptive control is simple and remarkably effective. It further proves that the active control suspension system can improve both the riding comfort and handling safety in various operation conditions, and the method is fit for the active control of the suspension system.     

新型单相有源滤波器的设计与应用

为了消除电力电子装置产生的谐波,提出了一种基于有功能量平衡控制的单相有源滤波器的设计方法.该方法不需要应用传统的检测方法,只需对电源电流和滤波器直流侧电压进行采样控制即可实现谐波补偿.本文对这种方案的双闭环控制系统进行了校正分析,应用Saber仿真软件对该方案进行了验证,并设计了实验样机.仿真与实验结果表明该方法可将谐波畸变率控制在10%以内.     

悬臂梁受线性分布荷载的辛解答

与传统的半逆解法不一样,采用弹性力学平面直角坐标系辛体系,运用分离变量法,求出矩形梁非齐次边界条件的解.辛解法能够有效处理各种边界条件,特别是矩形梁受线性分布荷载时,显示该方法的有效性.     

Control strategy of hybrid fuel cell/battery distributed generation system for grid-connected operation

This paper presents a control strategy of a hybrid fuel cell/battery distributed generation （HDG） system in distribution systems. The overall structure of the HDG system is given, dynamic models for the solid oxide fuel cell （SOFC） power plant, battery bank and its power electronic interfacing are briefly described, and controller design methodologies for the power conditioning units and fuel cell to control the power flow from the hybrid power plant to the utility grid are presented. To distribute the power between the fuel cell power plant and the battery energy storage, a neuro-fuzzy controller has been developed. Also, for controlling the active and reactive power independently in distribution systems, the current control strategy based on two fuzzy logic controllers has been presented. A Matlab/Simulink simulation model is developed for the HDG system by combining the individual component models and their controllers. Simulation results show the overall system performance including load-following and power management of the HDG system.