主动组织遗忘与组织创新的关系研究

在丰富的关于组织学习能力对组织创新的文献中,往往忽视了组织遗忘对组织学习能力和组织创新的影响。本研究主要分析主动组织遗忘与组织创新之间的关系,以及组织学习能力对两者关系的中介作用。通过文献探讨构建概念模型,运用珠三角地区219家企业的有效问卷调查数据,对主动组织遗忘、组织学习能力和组织创新之间的关系进行实证研究。结果表明,主动组织遗忘对组织创新的直接效应与间接效应同时存在,组织学习能力在二者之间起着中介作用。本文的结果为组织学习能力的提高和组织创新水平的提升提供了新的路径选择,主动组织遗忘,包括忘却学习和避免恶习,对组织学习能力起着直接正向的推动作用,并且通过组织学习,主动组织遗忘能间接提高组织创新水平。     

英语词汇集中学习与分散学习比较研究

在英语学习过程中,词汇学习占有十分重要的位置。在词汇习得的过程中,适当的时间分配又起着举足轻重的作用。本文从认知心理学的角度着重探讨中国学生在英语词汇学习中采用的两种时间分配形式,即：集中学习与分散学习。其中涉及单词的记忆与遗忘,复述等理论及相关实验研究。结合以上理论与实验研究,本文通过实验比较分析了集中学习与分散学习的利弊并就两种学习方式的不足处提出改进方案,得出分散学习较集中学习更有利于提高二语习得效率。     

A machine learning approach to primacy-peak-recency effect-based satisfaction prediction

Data retrieval systems supporting the discovery and reuse of open data are emerging as important tools in the open data ecosystem. However, user satisfaction with them is relatively low. This study proposes the primacy-peak-recency effect to investigate the cognitive mechanisms underlying data searchers’ overall satisfaction. To test the primacy-peak-recency effect, primacy-peak-recency cubes consisting of eye movement indicators at primacy, peak, and recency moments and their combinations are constructed as the theoretical model. A user experiment was conducted to collect eye movement data and satisfaction scores generated during 48 doctoral students’ interactions with data retrieval systems. An ensemble machine learning framework was then applied to analyze eye movement data to assess the theoretical model. The results indicate that the primacy-peak-recency cubes are salient predictors of data searchers’ satisfaction (the prediction accuracy=0.682 and regression R2=0.749). This finding suggests that data searchers’ complex cognitive processes at primacy, peak, and recency moments measured by uni-, bi-, and three-dimensional eye movement indicators are predictors of overall satisfaction, confirming the primacy-peak-recency effect. In addition, combinations of varying types of influential moments and multidimensional eye movement events are the best predictors of overall satisfaction. This suggests that influential moments and cognitive processes have additive effects on overall satisfaction. Combining theory-driven and data-driven approaches, this study sheds light on the potential of machine learning approaches for analyzing neuropsychological data for heuristics examination. With these insights, practical strategies to predict data searchers’ satisfaction and optimize the user-experience design of data retrieval systems are proposed.     

元认知策略训练与大学英语教学模式研究

目前,元认知策略逐渐受到了学术界和语言学家的关注,在大学英语的教学中结合元认知理论,将对英语这门外语学科的教学产生积极影响。以元认知理论为框架设计大学英语的教学方式,采取报告、网络、讲座、记录学习心得、学生换角色当老师授课等多种方法来端正学生的学习态度,改变学习观念,提高英语水平。本文将详细阐述元认知策略以及与它相关的大学英语教学模式。     

Iterative learning control for fractional-order multi-agent systems

In this paper, we apply iterative learning control to both linear and nonlinear fractional-order multi-agent systems to solve consensus tacking problem. Both fixed and iteration-varying communicating graphs are addressed in this paper. For linear systems, a PD^α-type update law with initial state learning mechanism is introduced by virtue of the memory property of fractional-order derivative. For nonlinear systems, a D^α-type update law with forgetting factor and initial state learning is designed. Sufficient conditions for both linear and nonlinear systems are established to guarantee all agents achieving the asymptotic output consensus. Simulation examples are provided to verify the proposed schemes.     

考虑员工学习-遗忘效应行为的动态生产-库存优化

员工在重复性生产作业中表现出学习效应行为,在生产中断后表现出遗忘效应行为,研究员工学习-遗忘效应行为下的动态生产-库存优化问题。引入学习-遗忘理论,构建生产率具有学习-遗忘特征的集成生产-库存系统平均成本函数,证明了在一定条件下平均成本函数是关于单次供货量或供货次数的凸函数。数值分析结果表明,在生产的前期学习效应对成本的降低具有重要的作用;完全遗忘时间越长,最优的平均成本越低;当完全遗忘时间较小时,在生产的后期,供应商处于学习与遗忘的摇摆状态,学习效应对降低成本发挥作用有限;最优成本随学习率的增大而快速增大;最优成本随初始生产率的增大而缓慢减少。本文的研究结论可为管理者何时决定生产中断及中断的时间长度提供决策依据。     

工程教育认证框架下中外合作专业人才培养的探索

以学生为中心、以学习成果为导向、持续改进是我国工程教育认证的三大核心理念。工程教育认证标准为我们制定理念先进的、与国际接轨的专业人才培养方案提供了非常宝贵的依据,它也是指导中外合作专业建设的必要基础。本文从中外合作专业的人才培养目标、学生毕业要求、课程体系、持续改进以及合作教育模式等方面进行了探讨和实践总结。提出在工程教育认证框架下,以工程教育认证标准为指引,以引进国际合作院校的先进教学资源为方式,以多元文化交流和融合为抓手,从而培养出具有良好的学习能力、创新意识、外语交流能力和国际视野的宽口径、复合型、高素质工程技术人才。     

Mining relations between personality traits and learning styles

Current teaching methods gradually use technology-assisted tools such as online assessment, online teaching, and e-books. Digital learning methods give students more flexibility in learning without the limitations of time and location. Aside from using technology, the timely adjustment of teaching methods to match students’ learning styles may achieve better learning effectiveness. However, previous studies about digital learning either lacked factors related to students’ personality traits or were biased by using scores on homework or exams to make predictions of students’ learning effectiveness. Therefore, this study analyzes the correlation between learning effectiveness and learning characteristics, including personality traits, behavioral styles, and learning strategies of students using association rule mining and sequential pattern mining. The results can be used to identify key factors that affect students’ learning styles to determine students in need and provide a teaching reference for instructors to assist students in achieving better learning results.     

Photoshop轻松课堂——培养职高生Photoshop软件技术的几点教学尝试

在计算机教学中,应结合本学科的特点,以创造快乐的学习氛围为前提,激发学生的兴趣为手段,充分调动学生的积极性,让学生轻松的学,越学越快乐,从而增强学生的学习主动性、积极性,开发学生的创造力,优化素质教育。文章阐述了如何采用轻松、愉快的教学方式培养职高生Photoshop软件技术的几点尝试。     

小组合作学习对提高高职思想政治理论课教学实效性的分析

小组合作学习旨在提高学生在学习过程中合作、交流、探究和创新精神的培养。这一方法和策略契合高职思想政治理论课教学特点,小组合作学习从形式和内容上都是高职思想政治理论课的有益尝试。本文通过小组合作学习积极意义的分析,说明有效的小组合作学习不仅可以提高高职大学生自主学习能力,与他人合作的能力,还能提高思想政治理论课的教学实效性。本文从小组合作学习和高职思想政治理论课关系、实施方法、问题与反思三个方面思考高职思想政治理论课课堂上的小组合作学习的优势及出现的问题,提出更为可行的小组合作方案。     

以自主学习能力培养为导向的网络课程建设探讨

良好的网络课程建设可有效培养学生的自主学习能力。本文对高校学生开展问卷调研,了解学生自主学习状况和网络课程使用情况,从网络课程界面、资源、组织管理和成绩评定四个方面提出网络课程优化措施,以促进学生的学习自主性。     

职业院校护理专业学生学习动力水平调查研究——以上海医药高等专科学校为例

了解职业院校护理专业学生的学习动力情况,找出影响护理专业学生学习动力水平的相关因素,为今后的专业教学提供有建设性的建议。采取整群抽样的方法,选取上海医药高等专科学校护理专业在校学生,发放《护理专业学生学习动力评定量表》进行无记名问卷调查,进行数据分析。职业院校护理专业学生学习动力呈现较高的水平,不同年级、学历、是不是独生子女对护理专业学生学习动力水平的影响较大。建议职业院校可以采取相关措施,使护理专业学生的学习动力水平进一步提高,以便提高专业技能,满足社会需求。     

“三全育人”视域下高职院校学生学习成效提升研究

基于自身发展需求,高职院校必须更加关注学生的学习成效。学生的学习成效是检验高职院校“三全育人”实践效果的重要指标,而“三全育人”政策则为高职院校提升学生学习成效指明了方向。但对学生的学习指引不足、教学管理制度功能发挥欠佳、学生学习交流机会较少等问题均阻碍了高职院校学生学习成效的提升。“三全育人”视角下高职院校提升学生学习成效的基本路径包括三个方面:一是将提升学习成效要素融入“三全育人”顶层制度设计;二是构建“三全育人”学生学习成效评价体系;三是完善“三全育人”协同机制,助力学生学习成效的提升。     

Inter-project learning: processes and outcomes of knowledge codification in project-based firms

In this paper, we argue that the literature on knowledge codification has been overly concerned with the economic properties of its outcomes, neglecting the importance of its underlying learning processes. Following Zollo and Winter [Organisation Science, 2001, in press], the paper distinguishes three learning processes: experience accumulation, knowledge articulation and knowledge codification and suggests a framework to analyse the learning abilities of project-based firms. We propose that mechanisms for inter-project learning draw upon these learning processes and can be found at various levels of the project-based firm. Using empirical evidence from six case studies, we discern three empirical patterns, that we defined learning landscapes, of such mechanisms. Implications for the literature and practice of knowledge codification are discussed.     

Switching to online learning during COVID-19: Theorizing the role of IT mindfulness and techno eustress for facilitating productivity and creativity in student learning

Online learning environments facilitate improved student learning by offering IT tools to enhance student productivity- and creativity-in-learning. COVID-19 impacted social-distancing measures forced an abrupt switch to online learning in most universities, putting immense pressure on the students to creatively adapt to new ways of online learning. Despite the purported positives of online learning, in the COVID-19 scenario, students reported mixed outcomes. While some students could adapt to the ‘new normal’, others struggled to adjust to the transformed IT-enabled learning scenario. Grounding our work in IT mindfulness literature, we posit that an IT-enabled learning environment may have differential impact on students’ productivity- and creativity-in-learning, depending on the extent of their IT mindfulness. Besides leveraging the mindfulness-to-meaning theory, we hypothesize the mediating role of techno eustress in the relationship between student IT mindfulness and learning effectiveness. We test the theorized model through data collected via a two-wave survey in a university student population exclusively using IT-enabled learning environments during the pandemic lockdown period. Results indicate that IT mindfulness has significant positive relationships with both productivity- and creativity-in- learning. Moreover, these relationships are mediated by the students’ techno eustress perceptions. Theoretical and practical implications arising from our study are also discussed.     

“00后”大学生典型课堂问题行为与修正策略研究

课堂问题行为的出现,是“00后”大学生对课堂教学的兴趣减退的一个主要表现。针对大学生产生手机依赖、情绪和行为方式以从众为标准的现状,该文对当前“00后”大学生出现课堂问题行为的心理动机进行分析,并从教学方式和家庭氛围两个方面分析“00后”大学生典型课堂问题行为的成因,从而提出维护学生的学习思维和主观动机、帮助学生推进独立人格发展的两点修正策略。     

多中心多维度教学方法框架构建及其应用研究

高校教育教学实践当中广泛采用的教学方法主要有“以教师为中心”和“以学生为中心”两种。前者更能保证教学过程的高度组织性和知识体系的完整性;后者形式新颖、手段多样,更容易受到年轻学生和老师的欢迎,对学生积极性的调度也更高。近年来,伴随着对传统以教师为中心的教学模式的反思,以学生为中心的教学模式在不同教育层次和范围内得到了很多应用。然而,因为受众层次、学科方向特点、教学内容难易、课堂规模等因素的不同,很难在两种教学模式中进行简单的扬弃抉择。一种更理性、更高效的方法是根据实际情况,对课程内容在知识点层次上基于微课,以学生为中心进行学习交流,在知识体系层面上进行教师主导的体验式串联教学,既注重学生积极性调动和多维度的学习方式,又重视课程内容体系保证和课堂过程完整,打造学生与老师多中心、线上线下多维度的半翻转课堂模式。结合教学实践提出的多中心多维度的教学方法框架以及其具体应用示例,收获了良好的教学效果和学生反馈。     

大一学生优良学风建设路径探究

优良学风是提高教育教学质量的根本保证,是实现人才培养的重要保障,对学生的发展与成长成才发挥着关键作用。优良学风有利于激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生的自主学习能力,养成良好的学习品格,营造积极的学习氛围。该文从大一学生优良学风建设的重要性入手,结合工作实践剖析大一学生的学习现状,试图探索大一学生优良学风的建设路径,以期为学生的成长成才奠定基础。     

大学英语学习高原现象的成因和对策

大学英语学习的高原现象是指学生的英语成绩长期无法提高,甚至产生倒退的状况。其原因主要有学生自身、教师及学校几方面。解决高原现象应通过培养学生自主学习的能力、激发学生学习英语的热情、加强课堂管理,以及继续深化教学改革来实现。     

质疑能力的培养

"学贵有疑,小疑则小进,大疑则大进。"质疑并提出问题是探求知识、发现问题的开始,是一种可贵的探索求知精神,也是学生主体性的充分发挥。疑乃思之端,学之源,善于思考才能善于学习,在课堂教学上培养学生提出问题,解决问题的能力,有助于学生数学思维能力的提高,激发学生学习数学的兴趣,更能发挥学生的主体作用。处于教学活动主导地位的教师,对学生有效数学质疑能力的培养,应给予足够的重视。