A Note on Noncentrality Parameters for Contrast Tests in a One-Way Analysis of Variance

The noncentrality parameter for a contrast test in a one-way analysis of variance is based on the dot product of 2 vectors whose geometric meaning in a Euclidian space offers mnemonic hints about its constituents. Additionally, the noncentrality parameters for a set of orthogonal contrasts sum up to the noncentrality parameter for the omnibus F test. The author provides an example of Helmert contrasts to demonstrate the use of the noncentrality parameters in contrast tests.     

对Bermond猜想(32)的一个注记

文章对Bermand猜想（2）加强条件后给出了证明。     

A Note on the Application of Multiple Matrix Sampling to Standard Setting

In many of the methods currently proposed for standard setting, all experts are asked to judge all items, and the standard is taken as the mean of their judgments. When resources are limited, gathering the judgments of all experts in a single group can become impractical. Multiple matrix sampling (MMS) provides an alternative. This paper applies MMS to a variation on Angoff's method (1971) of standard setting. A pool of 36 experts and 190 items were divided randomly into 5 groups, and estimates of borderline examinee performance were acquired. Results indicated some variability in the cutting scores produced by the individual groups, but the variance components were reasonably well estimated. The standard error of the cutting score was very small, and the width of the 90% confidence interval around it was only 1.3 items. The reliability of the final cutting score was.98     

关于球面平均A（r,f）的一个注记

本文证明了下述结论：设ｆ为开平面上的亚纯函数县Ａ（ｒ,ｆ）＝Ｏ（ｌｏｇ＾１＋εγ）（ε为小于１的正数）,则对任何有理函数Ｑ,有Ａ（ｒ,Ｑｆ）＝Ｌ（ｌｏｇ＾１＋εγ）,。     

一个关于Peano公理的注记(续)

证明了关于自然数集={1,2,3,…}的Peano公理系统中的第五条公理(即数学归纳原理)乃该系统中其余公理的逻辑推论.因之,可将它自该系统中删去而仅把它作为一个重要定理以优化该系统.     

C[a,b]中凸函数拟弱收敛性的补充

本证明C[a,b]中的有界凸函数序列，必须有拟弱收敛子列，并对有关结果和了进一步补充。     

A Short Note on the Relationship Between Pass Rate and Multiple Attempts

For a certification, licensure, or placement exam, allowing examinees to take multiple attempts at the test could effectively change the pass rate. Change in the pass rate can occur without any change in the underlying latent trait, and can be an artifact of multiple attempts and imperfect reliability of the test. By deriving formulae to compute the pass rate under two definitions, this article provides tools for testing practitioners to compute and evaluate the change in the expected pass rate when a certain (maximum) number of attempts are allowed without any change in the latent trait. This article also includes a simulation study that considers change in ability and differential motivation of examinees to retake the test. Results indicate that the general trend shown by the analytical results is maintained—that is, the marginal expected pass rate increases with more attempts when the testing volume is defined as the total number of test takers, and decreases with more attempts when the testing volume is defined as the total number of test attempts.     

关于直径为5的图脆弱度的一个注记(Ⅱ)

The line persistence of a graph G, p1 (G) is the minimum number of lines which must be removed to increase the diameter of G. In Ref. [ 7 ] ( J. Shanghai Univ., 2003,7(4) :352-357), we gave a characterization of graphs of diameter five with P1 ( G ) ≥ 2. In this paper we will show that each of the 8 special graphs Xi ( i = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 ) listed in condition (2) of Theorem 1 in Ref. [ 7 ] can not be deleted. Therefore the results we obtained in Ref. [ 7 ] can not in general be improved.     

完美3线图L_3(G)的一点注记

本文主要得到了:当7≥k≥4时,L_3(G)含有洞C_k的充要条件,3线图L_3(G)含有洞的充分性条件及L_k(G)的一些性质.     

A Note on the Validity of the Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory (MTAI)

Abstract

Student teachers who scored high on the MTAI were rated more favorably by secondary school students who did not plan to attend college than by students who planned to attend college. The teachers who scored low on the MTAI were rated more favorably by their college-bound students.     

关于Erd(o)s与Rosenfeld的一个猜想的注记

研究了Erdos与Rosenfeld提出的一个关于正整数的因子差集合的猜想,用初等简洁的方法证明了存在k个正整数Nt＜N2＜…＜Nk,使得|k∩i=1D(Ni)|≥2.     

江苏成人教育跨世纪发展战略研究(下)(1998-2010年)

《江苏成人教育跨世纪发展战略研究》系江苏省教育科学“九五”规划重点项目 ,本文是该项目的主要研究成果。该项目比较全面地分析了江苏成人教育跨世纪发展的宏观环境 ,明确提出了二十一世纪对国民素质的基本要求。成人教育的特殊个性决定了成人教育在开发人力资源、提高国民素质方面的特殊地位和作用 ,这是其他任何教育所不能替代的。在此基础上 ,提出了江苏成人教育跨世纪发展战略指导思想、发展战略目标以及发展战略对策。     

简析《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》的逻辑结构

<关于费尔巴哈的提纲>是孕育马克思唯物主义历史观的"天才萌芽的第一个文件".这个"天才萌芽"就表现在这部著作十一条的逻辑结构中.     

Shorter Version of the Counseling Self-Estimate Inventory (COSE): A Sample from Turkish Counselor Candidates (COSE-TR)

Counseling self-efficacy is defined as a counselor’s beliefs regarding their ability to counsel a client effectively. Larson et al. (1992) developed the Counseling Self-Estimate Inventory (COSE) to determine counselors’ self-efficacy in the dimensions of microskills, counseling process, difficult client behavior, cultural competence, and awareness of values. The COSE has been used widely in the United States as well as being adapted to other cultures. The purpose of the present study was to obtain validity and reliability evidence for the COSE in a Turkish sample towards the creation of a Turkish version (COSE-TR). Analyses regarding internal consistency and construct validity were undertaken via CFA and EFA, and divergent and convergent validity assessments were performed. The devised COSE-TR obtained a Cronbach alpha coefficient of .92. Exploratory factor analysis suggested a four-factor model with 53.82% of the total variance explained, which the CFA also supported. The COSE-TR correlated negatively with trait anxiety as measured on the ‘State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Scale’ (involving only Trait anxiety STAI-T; Spielberger 1983), but positively with generalized self-efficacy as measured via the ‘General Self-Efficacy Scale’ (GSE; Schwarzer and Jerusalem 1995). As for language equivalence, there was no difference between the means of total scores obtained from the original COSE and the created Turkish shorter version. Results revealed that the shortened COSE-TR can be regarded as a valid and reliable instrument for measuring counseling self-efficacy with Turkish counselors. Implications for counseling psychology, counselor education and supervision in developing nations and the transculturality of counseling self-efficacy are discussed.     

Why We (Usually) Don't Have to Worry About Multiple Comparisons

Abstract

Applied researchers often find themselves making statistical inferences in settings that would seem to require multiple comparisons adjustments. We challenge the Type I error paradigm that underlies these corrections. Moreover we posit that the problem of multiple comparisons can disappear entirely when viewed from a hierarchical Bayesian perspective. We propose building multilevel models in the settings where multiple comparisons arise. Multilevel models perform partial pooling (shifting estimates toward each other), whereas classical procedures typically keep the centers of intervals stationary, adjusting for multiple comparisons by making the intervals wider (or, equivalently, adjusting the p values corresponding to intervals of fixed width). Thus, multilevel models address the multiple comparisons problem and also yield more efficient estimates, especially in settings with low group-level variation, which is where multiple comparisons are a particular concern.     

A Meta‐Study of Journal of College Counseling (JCC) Author and Article Publication Characteristics From 1998 to 2009

Patterns of articles accepted for publication in the Journal of College Counseling from the past 12 years were reviewed in this metastudy. Results were described and statistically analyzed to identify trends over time in characteristics of authors, including sex, institutional classifications, employment setting, and domicile, and characteristics of articles, including article type, research design, sample size, types of participants, and statistical procedures.