开放同行评议中作者-期刊-审稿人-读者的关系重构

随着开放科学的蓬勃发展,科技期刊从传统同行评议逐步演化为开放同行评议模式,使得读者成为同行评议的参与者之一。本文深入分析对比了传统同行评议模式与开放同行评议模式中“作者-期刊-审稿人-读者”四者关系变化。研究发现,开放同行评议促进了读者与其他三者的交流关系,扩大了作者受益范围,对审稿人和期刊的要求也更为严格。在此基础上,本文提出科技期刊开放同行评议转型需要追求缓而稳的节奏,制订明确规定并充分发挥期刊的媒介作用,帮助作者、审稿人和读者之间进行有效交流和沟通,以保障四者关系的和谐稳定。     

开放科学环境下学术期刊同行评议的优化路径

同行评议是学术期刊稿件评议的基本制度,是判断稿件学术水平最有效的方式之一。本文剖析我国学术期刊传统匿名同行评议模式在开放科学环境中面临的困境与挑战,探索以开放同行评议为导向的同行评议模式,实现开放同行评议与匿名同行评议模式的有机融合。提出以开放同行评议的优势项补充匿名同行评议的劣势项,弹性化实施同行评议,根据期刊的学科特色差异化选择评议模式,构建多种模式的交互式同行评议平台,促进学术合作与同行评议资源共享等优化路径,对完善我国学术期刊现有同行评议机制,提升同行评议质量具有一定实践价值。     

开放同行评议发展现状与问题辨析

受开放科学思想影响,传统的同行评议模式正在发生变革.开放同行评议自首次提出至今已走过40个年头,已被越来越多的期刊所接受并应用.时值我国加快建设世界一流科技期刊之际,对开放同行评议的系统回顾与展望有着重要的现实意义.本文通过对现行的开放同行评议模式进行梳理总结,根据不同模式的特点概括为完全开放式同行评议、透明同行评议和...     

期刊开放同行评议的价值、机制及应对策略研究

对国外开放同行评议(OPR)的期刊进行研究,分析了开放同行评议的模式;详细介绍了开放同行评议的主要价值;从透明度和开放性2个维度出发,讨论了开放同行评议的3个层次及其机制。参照7大公开要素,对开放同行评议期刊的透明度进行了等级划分,并研究了透明度等级对相对引用率RCR和社会关注度Altmetrics评分的影响。结果表明：透明度等级高的开放同行评议期刊在学术影响和社会传播力方面具有明显优势。最后,提出了一些应对开放同行评议的策略和建议,以期为科技期刊开放同行评议的开展提供参考与借鉴。     

科技期刊结构化、指标化同行评审单设计研究

科技期刊同行评审单作为同行评议的重要部分,其科学性和合理性在引导评议专家给出科学规范的评审意见的过程中发挥着重要作用。文章在对国际出版机构Rubriq公司设计的记分卡评审单进行详细分析的基础上,结合作者所在期刊评审单的结构框架,设计了一种结构化、指标化的评审单,希望能在引导专家提供高质量的同行评议报告、帮助作者提升稿件质量以及编辑精确把控稿件的学术价值方面提供帮助,同时,也希望能为其他科技期刊评审单的设计和完善提供借鉴,进而提升科技期刊质量。     

第三方开放同行评议模式研究

第三方开放同行评议逐步成为开放科学环境下预印本质量控制的有效途径和学术期刊同行评议的有益补充。本文对第三方开放同行评议的发展历程进行梳理,将第三方开放同行评议服务的开展方式归纳为第三方平台的评议和出版服务、预印本平台采用的第三方服务以及学术期刊采用的第三方服务3种主要形式。在此基础上,从评议对象与评议内容呈现方式、评议质量控制机制、评议人激励机制、学术社区建设等方面对第三方开放同行评议模式的特点进行分析,阐述其优越性,并结合国内同行评议现状总结该模式对我国业界的启示与借鉴。     

对完善我国科技期刊同行评议机制的思考

在我国科技期刊办刊模式与国际接轨的过程中,完善同行评议机制是最容易实现的部分.在实际工作中,同行评议也已成为我国科技期刊保障学术品质的关键.为此,分析我国科技期刊完善同行评议机制中遇到的主要困惑和问题,包括:审稿人库建设不合理影响期刊审稿质量;审稿方式选择不恰当影响期刊审稿工作效率;审稿人选择不当影响论文刊出的效果;审...     

区块链技术支持的科技论文出版平台Orvium特色服务运营模式及启示

通过实证调研法,整合、分析Orvium平台相关网络信息与文献,分类剖析Orvium平台特色服务运营模式.提出Orvium平台在零延迟即时发表、持续透明协作同行评议、升级科研成果分享度、全面贯彻同行评议激励机制、出版内容质量提升、贡献者分享出版收益、社会力量深度参与科学出版等方面优势显著.建议我国科技期刊应创建透明可信的科技论文出版管理工作流,构建公平普惠的科技论文出版收益分配体系,探索开放获取的科技论文研究数据交易模式,打造动态自进化的科技论文同行评议专家库.     

国外开放获取期刊的同行评议方式研究

通过网络调研和文献梳理的方式,结合具体案例,如Elsevier、Nature、PLoS、F1000 Research等,对国外开放获取期刊的同行评议方式进行研究.认为结构化同行评议、发表后开放式同行评议以及第三方独立同行评议,各有利弊,应该取长补短,优化评议方式,更好地发挥科技期刊作为学术质量把关者和过滤器的作用.     

“以刊评文”的危害与应对策略研究

在系统梳理“以刊评文”的由来和成因的基础上,提出了“以刊评文”的危害,包括:1)以SCI为导向,损伤科研生态;2)优秀科技论文外流,知识产权割让;3)科研方向跟从,应用价值不高;4)期刊竞争不平等,有碍国内科技期刊发展。阐释了以建立健全同行评议为核心的应对策略:1)建立小同行专家库,实行分类分领域评价;2)优化同行评议生态,提升专家评审素质和环境;3)建立国家开放知识库和预印本平台,推进开放评审与开放获取相结合的公开机制;4)建立有国际影响力的论文引文索引数据库,完善自身评价手段和工具。     

Politicking for the Public Library

ABSTRACT

In today's current political environment raising support for millage renewals, bond campaigns or even millage continuations for public libraries is affected by national politics, and a tendency towards tax aversion on principle across the country. The lessons we can learn from the governing boards of small and rural public libraries are worth raising up to a greater national consciousness. Board governance, community consciousness, and facilities management are clear and logical tools that elected boards of public libraries can use to politick for support of libraries.     

British Writings on Romania: From Travel Accounts to Studies

This article surveys a sample of sources of the information about Romania available to British readers in nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals. It traces first contacts between the Romanian lands and Britain after the union of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859, then after their independence from the Ottoman Empire. The article highlights an increased Romanian interest in British periodicals, which reported and reviewed Romanian literature and scholarship. The article concludes that nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals offer a great variety and wealth of new material previously unavailable or unknown to researchers. It also states that only a portion of a large quantity of this material has been indexed and is therefore available via the bibliographic sources mentioned in the article. The author argues for the need of a new and updated British-Romanian bibliography, which can draw on new online resources offering access to thousands of new newspapers and periodical records.     

Architectures of Knowledge and Literary Tradition: A History of the Almanac in Croatia

ABSTRACT

The history of the almanac in Croatia is reconstructed through primary research in bibliographic and archival sources. The almanac is a vehicle for knowledge communication in informal contexts, engaging both oral tradition and literary forms traceable to medieval literacy and ways of structuring knowledge. The history of the almanac in Croatia reflects the changing context of the book trade, literacy, and the evolution of language. Four main stages are identified: (1) the beginning of the annual almanac in the seventeenth century; astrological almanacs reflecting the sensibility of the Baroque period; (2) the Enlightenment's stimulation of almanac publishing in the spirit of contemporary secular reforms in agriculture and education; (3) nineteenth-and twentieth-century almanac trade, showing complex and overlapping networks for the production, distribution and appropriation of printed almanacs;(4) roughly the end of World War II, when the almanac slowly moved out of the role of a popular mass medium and into specialized niches represented by regional, diaspora, and religious almanacs.     

Slavic Approval Plans: What Works and What Doesn't

ABSTRACT

The paper looks at library approval plans for material published in Slavic, East European, and Eurasian countries from the selector's point of view. Reasons why a selector would or would not want one are examined. Success with approval plans requires monitoring receipts, as well as good and ongoing communication among the selector, the acquistions department, and the vendor. A preliminary list of vendors offering approval plans for the countries of the region appears in the appendix.     

How Digital Content Resellers are Impacting Trade Book Publishing

Some key questions for publishers in today’s market are: Could Amazon’s recent merger and acquisitions strategy create a disruptive or paradigm shifting business model in the publishing industry? Do their recent actions post mergers and acquisitions illustrate a predicable pattern of behaviour that publishers can strategize around? This paper will explore these questions and look at some of the possible reasons behind Amazon’s business practices and the possible consequences to publishers.     

Germany's New Culture of Welcome—Our Libraries are an Essential Part of it

ABSTRACT

German authorities are expecting more than 1 million refugees by the end of 2015. These people come to Germany to seek protection and assistance and to build a new life, therefore it is important to welcome them and to assist them in their integration as soon as possible. This situation creates a versatile and perfectly fitting opportunity for cultural and educational programs, including libraries, which can play a vital role in this integration process. The key to integration is the knowledge of the German language, and the most important challenge now is to teach the necessary language skills to as many asylum-seekers as possible.     

Syndicating Rich Bibliographic Metadata Using MODS and RSS

Abstract

Many libraries use RSS to syndicate information about their collections to users. A survey of 65 academic libraries revealed their most common use for RSS is to disseminate information about library holdings, such as lists of new acquisitions. Even though typical RSS feeds are ill suited to the task of carrying rich bibliographic metadata, great potential exists for developing applications that can exploit metadata exposed to Web services via RSS. Using the MODS metadata format, entire catalog records can be seamlessly embedded in RSS 2.0 feeds. Existing tools, such as Library of Congress Java toolkits and XSLT stylesheets, can facilitate this process, while a new XSLT stylesheet may be used to create the RSS feeds complete with MODS records. As an example of the added functionality these MODS/RSS feeds can offer, records from a MODS-enriched RSS feed can be ingested into a non-RSS application such as Zotero. As more emerging library technologies use Web services architectures to handle data objects, the ability to syndicate catalog records will become more critical to providing innovative library Web services.     

由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变——对武汉科技信息服务平台建设的思考

为进一步提升武汉科技信息共享服务平台使用效率,本文从平台资源建设、资源应用、供需对接方式和供需特点等方面分析了武汉科技信息资源服务现状;基于需求和利用的角度,结合平台管理实践和走访用户、问卷调查等研究方法,从信息资源需求主体和平台自身建设管理两个维度,找出制约科技资源供需对接的主要因素;以市场化和制度化为创新理念,从政策创新、机制创新、市场化服务、环境营造、人才培养等方面提出平台建设由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变的对策建议.     

Selling Women on PDAs from “Simply Palm” to “Audrey”: How Moore's Law Met Parkinson's Law in the Kitchen

This essay investigates key moments in the history of personal digital assistant (PDA) marketing to women. Analyzing promotional texts for three PDAs that received considerable press coverage from 1999 to 2001, this essay explores the cultural significance of the convergence of anxieties about women's place in the gendered division of labor with the computer industry's changing marketing imperatives. Drawing on an array of promotional texts, including news articles, press releases, promotional Web sites, and ads appearing in newspapers and magazines, this paper tells the story of how the computer industry aimed to sell smaller, faster computing devices to women while promising to mediate and thus reproduce women's overwork as paid and familial laborers. After experimenting with the PDA as a sexy fashionable gadget for working women, marketers approached women as mothers with “Audrey,” an Internet appliance designed for the kitchen.     

Communicating With Bank Stakeholders During Recession: Why It's Important,Who Is Doing It,and How to Stay in the Loop

This study explores the attitudes and actions of bank managers toward communication spending during recession. Results of this study indicate that organizational leaders cut communication spending early during recession and also erroneously rely on the bank's financials to mitigate irrational customer withdrawals. This research is used to illustrate the need for public librarians to meet the needs of bank stakeholders when their institution ceases to communicate during crises, for academic librarians to educate students in undergraduate and graduate programs regarding heightened information needs during recession, and for corporate librarians to understand a potential avenue for competitive advantage during recession.