学科交叉视域下的理工科专业高年级本科生科研素质培养模式的构建

在学科交叉前沿认清理工类专业高年级本科生科研素质培养的重大意义,打破跨学科融合的壁垒,将阶梯式教学模式与"观、描、量、析"实践教学法合理运用于教学培养之中,为高年级本科生搭建科研学习与实践的"教学—项目—研究—交流"互动平台,并引入教师评价与学生评价相结合的科研能力多元评价体系,发掘学生的学术科研潜能,构建了学科交叉视域下高年级本科生科研素质培养模式,完善了基于多学科融合的学生科研培养机制,培养具有创新精神和科学创造力的多学科交叉复合人才来满足国家未来的发展要求。     

关于深化我国地质类专业本科教学改革的探讨

本文系统分析了地质类专业现状和存在问题,并就教学改革中回归工科教育、专业认证、创新人才培养、社会评价体系、师资水平、人文环境等内容进行了初步探讨。     

扩展对比教学法在石油工程专业课教学中的应用

针对目前专业课教学中,仅注重对特定专业课的教授,而忽略专业课之间的联系的现状,提出了扩展对比教学法。这种教学法更强调专业体系内不同学科之间关系的构建。通过所授专业课的意见反馈来看,该方法有利于学生更好地理解专业术语,有利于学生从整体和更高的高度来认识所学专业的特色,为学生的专业发展和兴趣选择提供更多参考。     

Laser-based manufacturing concepts for efficient production of tailor welded sheet metals

Laser welding is an established manufacturing technology for a large variety of automotive applications due to its attractive properties such as low heat input, high precision and fast welding speed. Especially when welding high strength steels, which are dominantly used in today＇s car body construction, the low heat input by laser welding bears significant advantages with regard to the properties of the weld seam. The exploitation of the full application potential of laser welding in mass production requires an appropriate manufacturing concept and corresponding auxiliary technologies. The present paper demonstrates the integration of laser welding into the surrounding manu- facturing concepts by a modular setup with different levels of automation. This approach offers flexible solutions for individual needs thereby optimizing investment cost, labor cost and productivity. Recently available laser sources enable exceptionally high welding speed on thin gauged sheet metals but require efficient material handling con- cepts to utilize the full speed potential. Industrial concepts are presented offering efficient material handling and high process robustness for mass production welding.     

Accessibility in post secondary education： Application of UDL to college curriculum

The inclusion of students with disabilities at the university is a relatively new occurrence in the field of special education. Although legislation in the United States has supported the acceptance of students with disabilities at the post-secondary level, it has only provided minimal support with the emphasis on the learner rather than the curriculum. Now we are looking for multiple ways for students to access learning and demonstrate mastery. Universal Design for Learning （UDL） is currently seen as a means to reconceptionalize curriculum. This study examines the experience of four professors and their effort to use a Classroom Performance System （CPS） as part of reformatting their courses using UDL. The Center for Applied Special Technology, CAST （2001） states that the goal of Universal Design for Learning is to develop teaching methods that enable all students with diverse learning needs, including those with disabilities and cultural differences, to have equal access to classroom curriculum. This paradigm shift echoes the move in special education from a deficit model to a minority rights model put forward by Hahn （1989）, and which is the basis of inclusive educational philosophy. Together inclusion and UDL create learning environments that strive to serve all students. This research describes the implementation of clickers as part of the CPS program in college courses in a special education teacher preparation program. The case study demonstrates how technology can provide access for all learners with positive outcomes such as increased participation and application of knowledge. It also illustrates some of the difficulties in making this pedagogical paradigm shift particularly in the use of technology, and the value of overcoming the existing barriers in place.     

基于工作过程的高职水文与工程地质专业课程体系开发研究

高等职业教育的目标是培养社会急需的基层操作性、技能性技术人才。课程是高职教育教学的核心,基于工作过程的职业教育课程,能有效培养学生的职业能力。四川水利职业技术学院在省级、部级示范院校建设过程中借鉴国内外经验和自身实际,开发出基于工作过程的高职水文与工程地质专业课程体系,本文阐述其开发思路、课程体系构建、教学实施条件,可供相关院校借鉴。     

Learning in the workplace for garage mechanics and technicians

Employees in technical firms, like garages, need more and more formations. Due to the very fast innovation in technology, lifelong learning is a real need for these labour forces. On the other hand, there are the needed formations very specialized and expensive. Another problem employers faced in these economical sectors in Western Europe is the lack of candidates. Also in secondary education schools, the wide interest for these formations is decreasing. One of the factors causes this problem is that schools don＇t have enough money for investing in new and high-tech machines. Therefore two interreg projects were submitted and approved for financing. Interreg is an initiative of the European Union meant for the permanent development of the ＂European Space＂. The third phase of interreg means enhancing the economic and social cohesion within the European Union. In this paper, we describe two successful projects, namely Autoweb and V@K, which try to help employers, employees, schools and students to keep up with the high-tech innovations with a workplace-based e-learning program.     

The quantifying analysis of effectiveness of music learning through the Dalcroze musical method

Movement activities can be used to integrate with any other curriculum in childhood education. The movements can inspire the sense of rhythmic concepts for children. This study aims at investigating how children can be motivated and inspired rhythmically by body movement through Dalcroze approach. In this research, the author revealed how physical movements can motivate children＇s potential sense of rhythm and inspire children＇s interest of musical rhythmic concepts learning. The study was conducted with 1000 primary school 6th grade students from twenty primary schools in Taipei, Taiwan. These 1000 6th grade students have the same age, same music syllabus and have equally same music training at their schools. The 1000 students were divided into two equal groups, one having different activities of body movements at school, and the other without. The different activities included tapping, swinging, clapping, turning, and stamping simple rhythms. The experiments consisted two parts which were rhythm dictation and improvisational skills. All the participants were equally given the pre-test and post-test as evidences of progress of the experiment, and the researcher then compared with the differences of the two tests of the two groups before and after the experiment to see if there were any progress in their learning of musical rhythms. The study lasted 6 months and consisted of three stages： observation, comparison, and analysis. The author observed and compared the two groups of students, analyzed the results and found out that the two groups demonstrated obvious differences in their degree of progress on learning of musical rhythms.     

Same vague expression, different conceptualizations

The study was to investigate the vague words measurement across native and non-native English speakers and gender differences. Ninety-two students from the University of Oklahoma participated in this study by filling out an internet-based questionnaire on the vague words. The researchers put each of the thirty-two vague words in a context, or the same word put into different contexts. The participants were asked to rate the degree or the numerical value that they thought was the most appropriate in the context of the vague word. It was found that ten out of the thirty-two words had a significant difference across the native and non-native English speakers, and two of thirty-two words had a significant difference across genders. The word ＂fairly＂ showed the most significant difference interactions of language speaking by gender.     

概念图在高中生物复习总结中应用的初探

高中生物复习课教学是师生双方从新的视角对所学知识进行系统梳理、深化、拓宽及灵活应用的教与学的过程．应用概念图可以有效地组织课程内容,激发学生自主构建生物学知识体系,使知识概括化、网络化,并能灵活地迁移．     

How intuition contributes to high performance： An educational perspective

Intuition usually is defined as the capability to act or decide appropriately without deliberately and consciously balancing alternatives, without following a certain rule or routine, and possibly without awareness （Gigerenzer, 2007; Hogarth, 2001; Klein, 2003; Myers, 2002）. It allows action which is quick （e.g. reaction to a challenging situation） and surprising, in the sense that it is extraordinary in performance level or shape. This paper reports theories of intuition and their empirical evidence in the field of professional work. It aims at reporting the state of research on intuition, discussing the relevance of different approaches for analyzing work performance, and describing challenges for future empirical research in the domain of professional working life.     

工程制图中组合体尺寸标注学习难点的突破及实践

"工程制图"课程中,组合体尺寸标注的学习一直是难点,主要原因是大一的学生没有相关专业课的知识支撑,只能机械地学习和记忆,导致这部分内容学习效果不好。针对组合体尺寸标注中的难点问题,提出了相应的解决方法,并在教学中进行了实践,提高了学生对组合体尺寸标注的理解,取得了较好的教学效果。     

利用农村环境资源提高初中生物学教学质量

由于基础设施的限制,农村中学学生视野较窄,但他们所处的生活环境中生物资源丰富多彩．农村中学生物教学可利用得天独厚的自然资源,促进教学,激发学生的学习兴趣,引导学生更好地学习生物,认识生物资源与人们生活的密切关系,促进学生的资源保护意识,培养高尚的情操。     

Correlation between process parameters and primary dendrite arm spacing in laser welding of Cu and Al

A combined numerical model of thermal field and the primary dendrite arm spacing （PDAS） was proposed to correlate the process parameters and PDAS in laser welding of Cu and A1. The solidification parameters simulated by the finite volume method with commercial software ANASYS FLUENT were applied in the PDAS model to predict the dendrite arm spacing of fusion zone. Dendrite was also examined by the metallographic method to validate the model. Results indicate that the calculated PDAS agrees with metallographic measurements reasonably, especially the Hunt model. PDAS increases apparently with increasing laser power while decreases slightly with increasing welding speed. Increasing laser power increases the secondary dendrite and increasing welding speed increases the microporosity in dendrite.     

A writing story： Opening up to judgement-Individual assessment as system assessment or writing as school

This is a writing story about trying to create just classroom assessment practices not excluding anybody and therefore an attempt to explore what an opening up to judgment, and in my view, what assessment focused on learning might mean and subsequently imply. Social justice and democracy is at stake. How to develop and improve our assessment literacy？ How to develop trustworthy and good assessment systems？ What are our tools and what methods can we use？ Given a discussion about either summative or formative assessment and preferably both, this is primarily an attempt to think about principals before turning to instruments or starting with the beginning and beyond rather than the endpoint. I argue for keeping classroom assessment as an indefinite problem, a problem not to be solved or a term not to be understood once and for all. That will hopefully foster cultural pluralism and heterogeneity around the term： learning more, learning all, all learning. Ultimately this is about the linguistic conditions for change; but as a move from language to law and as aporetic thinking and through the pivoting but liberating effects of writing; a writing both positioning and giving direction. Through language and as a right to philosophy that is. It is about creating a heteroglossia of a fresh writing inscribed in, through and with otherness; ＂another logic＂ that is.     

中学生物教学合理运用多媒体技术的探讨

如何充分发挥多媒体辅助教学的优势，将多媒体技术合理运用于中学生物教学，以取得最佳教学效果，是值得深入探讨的课题．在农村中学高中生物学教学过程中，对新授课、复习课以及实验课等3种课型教学进行了对照试验，认为对抽象知识教学及系统复习课运用多媒体手段效果较佳，但多媒体课件演示不能替代学生实验操作技能的训练．     

高中信息技术课程教学评价方法的探讨

新课标中明确指出评价是信息技术教学的重要组成部分,要把学生学习的过程评价与期末考试等总结性评价相结合,适度加大过程性评价在期末成绩评定中的比重．根据教学经验及新课标要求,就信息技术课程教学评价谈点滴体会．     

Crystal structure and formation mechanism of the secondary phase in Heusler Ni-Mn-Sn-Co materials

In the present work, crystal structure and for- mation mechanism of the secondary phase in Heusler Ni- Mn-Sn-Co materials were investigated using X-ray dif- fraction, scanning/transmission electron microscopy and selected-area electron diffraction techniques. Experimental results showed that the secondary phase presented in both Ni44.1Mn35.1Sn10.8Co10 as-cast bulk alloy and melt-spun ribbon, possessing a face-centered cubic （fcc） NilTSn3-type structure. The secondary phase in the as-cast bulk alloy was resulted from a eutectic reaction after the formation of a primary dendritic flphase during cooling. However in the melt-spun rapidly solidified ribbon, the secondary phase was largely suppressed as nano-precipitates distributed along the grain boundaries, which was attributed to a divorced eutectic reaction. The secondary phase exhibited partial amorphous state due to high local cooling rate.     

The perspective of six Malaysian students on playing video games： Beneficial or detrimental？

This study provides a glimpse into understanding the potential benefits as well as harm of playing video games from the perspective of six Malaysian secondary school students, aged 16-17 years old. The rationale of the study is to enable parents, educators, administrators and policy makers to develop a sound understanding on the impact of playing video games before making any judgment on the contemporary youth culture. Thus, further decision on the acceptance of video games as a new innovation in school or at home could be considered. Although this study is not very extensive, the findings suggest that playing video games contributes to cognitive, social, motivational and emotional development. However, potential harms do exist. Parents play an important role in guiding their children either directly or indirectly, as indicated by the respective students. Caution is advised in the interpretation of the study＇s findings as it is solely based on the perspectives of the students, as the first person＇s views. Nevertheless, each student has their very own perspective on the impact of video games on them.