Riding the Sea and Chasing the WaveChinese Ceramics Sold to Europe in the Ming and Qing Dynasties （Ⅲ）

<正>Imitation: from Soft-Paste to Hard-Paste Porcelain In the 16th century, Europe was still in the age of pottery and unable to make real porcelain. So it is un...     

The Age of Great Prosperity in the Qing Dynasty (Part Ⅰ) The Exhibition on Artifacts of Shenyang Imperial Palace Held in the History Museum of Taiwan

The ExhibitionAge of Great Prosperity in the Qing Dynasty:Artifacts of Shenyang Imperial Palace,on show in the History Museum of Taiwan from January 29 to May 1,2011,displays 124     

The Evolution of the Central Plain Civilization in China(Ⅰ)

正China's Henan province, brief as Yu, got its name from the Yu state, which was one of the nine states in ancient China. The place with geographical advantage p...     

The Age of Great Prosperity in the Qing Dynasty(Part Ⅱ) The Exhibition on Artifacts of Shenyang Imperial Palace Held in the History Museum of Taiwan

The History of Ma Manchu's Conquest and Rule over China Starting in the late 16th century,Nurhaci,a Jianzhou Jurchen chieftain,started to unify Jurchen tribes of northeast China.Over the next several decades,he continued to move the capital southward and took control over most of     

The World of Khubilai Khan The ExhibitionChinese Art in the Yuan DynastyHeld in the Metropolitan Museum(PartⅠ)

Khubilai(1215-1294)is the founding emperor of the Yuan Dynasty,a period witnessing unprecedented cultural diversity and prosperity in ancient China.Over the past five years,the     

The Handshake Across the Vastest Ocean of the World—The Exhibition of Journeys to Peace and Cooperation

““““““““““““““““In July 1971, my father Richard Nixon, the then U.S. President, declared that he would visit China at the invitation of Chairman Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai of the People‘s Republic of China. The news astonished the world and changed the direction of history, because since 1949, the United States had had no diplomatic relations with the People‘s Republic of China. It was difficult for most people to believe that these two countries could overcome the ideological and political disparities to come together. On February 21, 1972, when my father set out on his journey for peace, he was very excited. As he stepped out of Air Force I, he decided to stretch out his hand first to Premier Zhou Enlai before he set on Chinese soil.““““““““““““““““- Julie Nixon Eisenhower, daughter of former U.S. President Richard Nixon     

The handshake across the vastest ocean of the world—the Exhibition of journeys to peace and Cooperation

“In July 1971,my father Richard Nixon,the then U.S.President,declared that he would visit china at the invitation of chairman mao zedong and Premier zhou enlai of the people‘s republic of china.“     

Can interethnic contact between majority (Han) and minority (Uyghur) people in China influence sense of Chinese national Community? The role of positive and negative direct,extended and vicarious intergroup contact

ObjectivesIn multiethnic countries, enhancing the sense of community and preventing ethnic segregation represents a major challenge. In this study we aimed to test the effects of different forms of intergroup contact in fostering sense of community among majority and minority ethnic groups in China, by focusing on the sense of the community at the national level.MethodsParticipants were Han (N = 355, ethnic majority group) and Uyghur (N = 546, ethnic minority group) people at a multiethnic university in the Xinjiang province in China.ResultsResults from path analysis revealed that positive direct contact for the minority, and positive extended and vicarious contact for both majority and minority group were indirectly associated with higher sense of Chinese national community via greater focus on positive characteristics of the outgroup. In addition, negative contact (extended contact for the majority; direct contact for the minority) were indirectly associated with lower sense of Chinese national community via reduced focus on positive outgroup characteristics. No evidence was found for negative focus (focus on negative outgroup characteristics) and intergroup threat as mediators. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings for improving intergroup relations in multiethnic and conflictual settings by using multiple forms of intergroup contact are discussed.     

Light of Buddhism——The Exhibition of Xinjiang＇s Achievements on the Protection of Historic Documents and Ancient Books Held in the National Library of China

<正>Xinjiang has long been a region with coexistence of different ethnic groups and cultures. The spread and development of various religions have had profound i...     

The Development of Feudal Relations in a Post-Conquest Reality: The Experience of the Mozarab Community of Toledo (Eleventh–Thirteenth Centuries)

The conquest of Toledo by Alfonso VI (r. 1065–1109) in 1085 opened a period of transformation and restructure in the traditional patterns that had organised the former taifa. While some scholars state that, in the early years of the Christian conquest, the traditional features of the Muslim civilisation endured, it is the aim of this article to discuss to what extent it is possible to admit a real continuity in everyday practices, taking as a prism the experience of the Mozarab community of the city. Our hypothesis is that, under the apparent continuities, a process of transformation began, through which new feudal relations managed to infiltrate the previous forms of organisation of land, taxes and religion in order to undermine their basis and make them conform to northern patterns, applying policies of segregation and cooptation.     

The Last and Most Developed Naṣrid Palace in the Alhambra: The Alijares and Its Country Estate (Fourteenth Century)

The country estate (al-munya, almunia in Spanish) of the Alijares occupied grounds near the Alhambra and the Generalife, although it was higher up. It was constructed at the peak of the Na?rid dynasty's splendour, during the last stage of the reign of Mu?ammad V (r.1354–1359 / 1362–1391), after he had finished the Palace of the Lions.

The Alijares formed the last link in the chain in the stylistic development of the palaces of al-Andalus. When its founder decided on the features of the Alijares, he was in search of something that was completely innovative, as he had already undertaken work in the medinas of Granada and in the Alhambra that turned out to be a transformation of the architectural forms so far developed.

Life in the palace and the al-munya was cut short by sizeable earthquake in 1431, which coincided with a hard Castilian military campaign against the Kingdom of Granada. The consequences of the allegiance formed after the Na?rid defeat hindered the reconstruction of the Alijares, and so the royal buildings above the Royal Water Channel (Acequia Real) of the Alhambra were abandoned. Although time has erased many of the traces of the palace and its al-munya, we have extensive knowledge of its main architectural features, thanks to an analysis of all the available sources.     

Making American Friends: The Effects of Musical Tastes and English Proficiency on Chinese International Students’ Social Networks in the United States

This study investigated the relationship between Chinese international students’ social networks in the United States and their musical tastes. Based on concept of homophily, this study used a self-reported Social Network Analysis (SNA) survey to examine whether sharing similar musical tastes affected Chinese international students’ relationship, their musical tastes, and music consumption. The results showed that having high musical taste similarity predicted closer relationship between respondents and their alters, and higher likelihood of new music consumption. This study also found that frequent American English-language songs listeners were more likely to have Americans in their social network than less-frequent American English-language songs listeners.