Effects of breakfast with different calorigenic amounts on blood glucose,insulin and glucagon levels

SUBJECTSANDMETHODSSubjectsTwenty four 2 1to 2 4yearsoldhealthymedi calstudentsenrolledinZhejiangUniversityCol legeofMedicinevolunteeredforthestudy .Theyconsistedof1 1malesand 1 3femalesweightsallwithinthenormalrangefortheirheightaccordingtoChinesenorms.Me…     

Effects of vanadate on the activities of mice glucokinase and hexokinase

This study aimed at acquiring knowledge on the hypoglycemic mechanisms of sodium metavanadate (SMV) showed that the liver glucokinase and muscle hexokinase activities increased rapidly after oral SMV was given, and that the blood glucose level was correlated closely with the activities of the two enzymes but not with the insulin level; which indicated that SMV could improve the altered glucose phosphorylation in diabetic mice independently of stimulating insulin secretion. This was probably one of the mechanisms of hypoglycemic effects of SMV.     

Effects of vanadate on the activities of mice glucokinase and hexokinase

This study aimed at acquiring knowledge on the hypoglycemic mechanisms of sodium metavanadate (SMV)showed that the liver glucokinase and muscle hexokinase activities increased rapidly after oral SMV was given, and that the blood glucose level was correlated closely with the activities of the two enzymes but not with the insulin level; which indicated that SMV could improve the altered glucose phosphorylation in diabetic mice independently of stimulating insulin secretion. This was probably one of the mechanisms of hypoglycemic effects of SMV.     

不同剂量美托洛尔对围术期心率和血压的作用

目的:探讨小剂量美托洛尔静脉注射时对围手术期室上性心动过速病人HR和BP的作用。方法:围手术期SBP≥110mmHg、HR≥120bpm为美托洛尔治疗指征。ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级病例90例分为组Ⅰ、组Ⅱ、组Ⅲ,分别静注美托洛尔1mg、2mg、3mg。记录每个病人用药前及用药后1、2、3、5、10min的HR、SBP、DBP、SPO_2。结果:组Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ病人用药后1～5min HR减慢最为明显(P<0.01),平均下降的最低幅度分别达12.83％、20％和25.11％,10min后三组分别有80％、31％、18％病人心率增加至120bpm。SBP的变化基本与HR变化同步,1～3min下降最明显,5min后病人血压基奉平稳,下降的最大幅度平均为11.6％、15.74％、19.33％。各组DBP无明显变化。结论:静注美托洛尔1～3mg对围手术期心动过速有显著疗效。随着HR下降,SBP亦同步下降,而且与美托洛尔剂量成正比。对于围手术期间心动过速的病人,如果SBP≥130mmHg,建议使用3mg的剂量,用药后HR回升的现象较少;如果病人的SBP在120～130mmHg范围内,建议使用2mg;如果病人SBP在110～120mmHg,我们建议使用1mg;如果病人SBP<110mmHg,而HR>145次/min,可用0.5～1mg,并减慢注射速度,这样可避免美托洛尔所致的SBP下降过低。     

知母多糖对家兔血糖的影响

[目的]〗研究知母多糖(Anemam,AM)对家兔血糖的影响.[方法]制备家兔高血糖模型,用不同剂量组的AM和D860后,测定对照组、AM组、D860组的血糖.[结果]AM1次灌胃2mg/kg,20mg/kg可显著降低四氧嘧啶引起的家兔血糖升高;AM1次灌胃20mg/kg对正常家兔血糖无明显影响,200mg/kg可降低正常家兔血糖.[结论]AM与D860同样具有实验性降低血糖作用.     

运动对糖耐量减低患者血清抵抗素、脂联素和胰岛素敏感性的影响

探讨运动对糖耐量减低（IGT）患者血清抵抗素、脂联素和胰岛素敏感性的影响．56名中老年IGT患者随机分为3组：对照组（18例）、健步走组（19例）、健步走＋抗阻力组（19例）,健步走组采取24周健步走运动处方锻炼．健步走＋抗阻力组采取健步走和抗阻力运动相结合的运动处方锻炼,运动干预前后采用放射免疫法测定血清胰岛素、抵抗素、血清脂联素。计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）．健步走组、健步走＋抗阻力组的抵抗素、脂联素和HOMA-IR与对照组相比均有极其显著性差异（P〈0．01）;健步走组与健步走＋抗阻力组的抵抗素和HOMA-IR与健步走组相比无显著性差异（P〉0．05）,脂联素比较有极其显著性差异（P〈0．01）．运动可改善IGT患者的代谢水平．健步走＋抗阻力运动对脂联素的影响较单纯健步走更为明显．     

Effects of open vs. structured teacher-student interaction on creativity of children with different levels of anxiety

Creativity of 72 third-graders from open and structured classes was measured in relation to anxiety level. Low anxiety children were found more creative in open as compared to structured classrooms. No significant differences were found between creativity levels of high anxiety students in the two types of classes 11 would like to express my thanks to the members of the Educational Clinic for their help in carrying out this research project.     

溶剂胶束作用对葡萄糖氧化酶催化活性的影响

研究6种溶剂和表面活性剂对葡萄糖氧化酶催化活性的影响.研究表明,30%丙酮溶液对反应体系有激活作用,可使葡萄糖氧化酶测定葡萄糖的反应速率加快、灵敏度提高,线性范围达到0.00-10.00g/L,同时确定了最佳反应条件.研究结果对于优选新的激活剂具有一定的实际意义.     

血细胞形态学检查诊断深部真菌感染探讨

目的:探讨血细胞形态学变化对深部真菌感染的诊断价值;方法:常规方法对深部真菌感染患者的外周血和骨髓进行血细胞形态学检查;结果:发现粒细胞系统反应性增生,并有较特异的形态学改变。主要为中性粒细胞的颗粒增多和空泡变性;结论:血细胞形态学变化对深部真菌感染具有提示性诊断价值。结合患者的临床资料,可对深部真菌感染作出初步诊断。     

高等学校实验教学分层次培养模式探讨

深化教学改革,推行分层次实验教学模式,因材施教,为不同学生安排不同的教学内容,培养具有创新精神和实践能力的新型人才.     

Resistin levels of serum and follicular fluid in non-obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome during IVF cycles

Objectives: To measure serum and follicular resistin, steroids hormone levels in women with PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) (BMI (body mass index)<25 kg/m²), to assess possible correlations of resistin to hormonal and metabolic parameters and to analyze the clinical outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in women with PCOS and tubal infertility. Study design: We analyzed the clinical outcomes of IVF-ET in women with PCOS (BMI<25 kg/m²) and tubal infertility during the years 2002 to 2004 and compared the serum and follicular fluid resistin levels, estradiol (E₂), progesterone (P), testosterone (T) levels in 20 PCOS and 20 healthy, age-matched women without PCOS during IVF-stimulated cycles. The correlations between the resistin levels and the outcomes of IVF-ET were evaluated. Results: No significant differences in resistin levels of either serum or follicular fluid between PCOS and control group were found. However, resistin levels in serum were higher than that in follicular fluid in both groups. Multiple regression analysis showed that resistin levels in serum did not correlate with BMI, estradiol, LH (luteinizing hormone) and insulin level in fasting blood. No significant correlations were found between follicular fluid reisistin levels and fertilization rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate or early miscarriage rate in both PCOS and control groups. Conclusion: Our results show that resistin does not have correlation with the hormonal and metabolic parameters as well as the outcomes of IVF. These data suggest that resistin is unlikely to be a local determinant factor in steroidogenesis and growth and maturation of oocytes during IVF-ET in lean women with PCOS.     

Resistin levels of serum and follicular fluid in non-obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome during IVF cycles

INTRODUCTION Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a leading cause of anovulatory infertility and affects 5%~10% of reproductive age women (Dunaif, 1997). It is characterized by hyperandrogenemia and chronic anovulation and is associated with insulin resistance, obesity and increased risk for type 2 diabetes (Kno- chenhauer et al., 1998). Insulin resistance is thought to play an important role in aetiology of PCOS (Chang et al., 1983; Shoupe et al., 1983). In vitro and in vivo studies …     

Learning nanotechnology with texts and comics: the impacts on students of different achievement levels

Comics are popular with adolescents because of their features of humor, narrative, and visual imagery. The purposes of this study were to examine the learning outcomes and emotional perceptions of reading a science comic book and a science text booklet for students of different levels of achievement, and to explore the main factors of the two media which attract high-school students to learn science. A mixed-method quasi-experimental design was adopted. The participants were 697 grade ten students from eight schools with different levels of academic achievement. Two similar classes in each of the eight schools were assigned as the comic group or the text group. The results indicated that the science comic book benefited medium achievers more than the science text booklet did, but the contrary result was found for the high achievers. In comparison, the two media benefited the low achievers equally, but both had only a limited effect due to the students’ lack of prior knowledge. We conclude four kinds of evidence, including perceived difficulty of comprehension, reasons for interest/disinterest, emotional perceptions of learning science, and learning time, to support the phenomenon of the learning benefit of media specific to certain achievers’ science learning.     

Effects of over-expressing resistin on glucose and lipid metabolism in mice

Resistin, a newly discovered peptide hormone mainly secreted by adipose tissues, is present at high levels in serum of obese mice and may be a potential link between obesity and insulin resistance in rodents. However, some studies of rat and mouse models have associated insulin resistance and obesity with decreased resistin expression. In humans, no relationship between resistin level and insulin resistance or adiposity was observed. This suggests that additional studies are necessary to determine the specific role of resistin in the regulation of energy metabolism and adipogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the effect of resistin in vivo on glucose and lipid metabolism by over-expressing resistin in mice by intramuscular injection of a recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1-Retn encoding porcine resistin gene. After injection, serum resistin and serum glucose (GLU) levels were significantly increased in the pcDNA3.1-Retn-treated mice; there was an obvious difference in total cholesterol (TC) level between the experiment and the control groups on Day 30. In pcDNA3.1-Retn-treated mice, both free fatty acid (FFA) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were markedly lower than those of control, whereas HDL cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels did not differ between the two groups. Furthermore, lipase activity was expressly lower on Day 20. Our data suggest that resistin over-expressed in mice might be responsible for insulin resistance and parameters related to glucose and lipid metabolism were changed accordingly.     

当归多糖对实验性糖尿病大鼠糖代谢的影响及其机制

研究当归多糖（ASP）对实验性糖尿病大鼠糖代谢的影响,探讨ASP对实验性糖尿病大鼠的降糖机制。制备实验性糖尿病大鼠40只,随机分成4组,分别用生理盐水、低剂量ASP（20mg.kg-1）、高剂量ASP（100mg.kg-1）以及盐酸二甲双胍（150mg.kg-1）灌胃给药,每日1次,连续21天。同时采用正常大鼠为健康对照,观察ASP对实验性糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖、血浆胰岛素、胰岛素敏感性指数、肝糖原等指标的影响。发现ASP能明显的降低糖尿病大鼠的血糖,其机制可能与其促进胰岛B细胞修复和再生有关,提示ASP有作为口服降糖药辅助用药的可能性。     

Influence of levels of information as presented by different technologies on students' understanding of acid,base, and ph concepts

We investigated how different levels of information presented by various technologies affected secondary students' understanding of acid, base, and pH concepts. Secondary students who were selected for the study had just completed their study of acid–base chemistry. No attempt was made to provide further instruction. We analyzed changes in the understanding of individual students by constructing concept maps from the propositions that the students used in interviews conducted before and after a series of acid–base titrations. After the initial interview, students were divided into three groups. Within each group, students individually performed the same set of titrations using different technologies: chemical indicators, pH meters, and microcomputer-based laboratories (MBL). After the titrations were completed, all students were interviewed again. We found that students using MBL exhibited a larger positive shift in their concept map scores, which indicates a greater differentiation and integration of their knowledge of acids and bases. The chemical indicator students exhibited a more moderate positive shift in their concept map scores, and the pH meter students exhibited a smaller positive shift. We also found that the MBL students constructed more inappropriate links in their concept maps than the chemical indicator or pH meter students. However, we speculate that this increased number of inappropriate links indicates a high level of involvement with the technology. We therefore argue that the level of information offered by the technology affected students' understanding of the chemical concepts.     

Effects of cooperation on spelling achievement at three age levels (Grades 2, 4, and 6)

In a field experiment among second, fourth and sixth grade pupils from 27 primary schools, two instruction methods were compared. At 13 schools (control condition) pupils did spelling exercises as usual, i.e. individually. At 14 schools pupils worked in pairs; each pupil was asked to check a partners’ work and discuss mistakes. At grade 2 cooperation led to less off-task behaviour when pupils did spelling assignments of a more complex type. Nevertheless we found a negative effect on achievement. At grade 4 cooperation led to less off-task behaviour for complex assignments and an increase in pupil’s effort as rated by their teachers as well. These findings were accompanied by a weak effect on achievement. Cooperation did not affect effort nor achievement of pupils from grade 6. At none of three grade levels we found indications of better reasoning strategies as a consequence of pair learning. The differential effect of cooperation at the three age levels may be explained in terms of complexity of learning subject and of lesson type.