Effects of breakfast with different calorigenic amounts on blood glucose,insulin and glucagon levels

SUBJECTSANDMETHODSSubjectsTwenty four 2 1to 2 4yearsoldhealthymedi calstudentsenrolledinZhejiangUniversityCol legeofMedicinevolunteeredforthestudy .Theyconsistedof1 1malesand 1 3femalesweightsallwithinthenormalrangefortheirheightaccordingtoChinesenorms.Me…     

Effects of vanadate on the activities of mice glucokinase and hexokinase

This study aimed at acquiring knowledge on the hypoglycemic mechanisms of sodium metavanadate (SMV)showed that the liver glucokinase and muscle hexokinase activities increased rapidly after oral SMV was given, and that the blood glucose level was correlated closely with the activities of the two enzymes but not with the insulin level; which indicated that SMV could improve the altered glucose phosphorylation in diabetic mice independently of stimulating insulin secretion. This was probably one of the mechanisms of hypoglycemic effects of SMV.     

胰岛素休克小鼠血糖变化的研究

研究小鼠禁食不同时间及注射胰岛素导致小鼠休克时血糖的变化,并观察酸性生理盐水稀释胰岛素对低血糖休克出现时间及血糖值有无影响.结果表明,小鼠分别禁食12﹑18﹑22﹑24h时的血糖值之间无明显差异（P〉0.05）,在各组小鼠注射胰岛素后,血糖均明显下降（P〈0.05）,但各组下降后的血糖值之间无明显差异（P〉0.05）;不同剂量的胰岛素或是否用酸性生理盐水稀释胰岛素,注射后出现休克的时间及休克时各组小鼠血糖值之间无明显差异（P〉0.05）.     

《夏日十字路口》的女主人公解读——兼与《蒂凡尼的早餐》女主人公比较

在美国现代作家杜鲁门.卡波特的作品中塑造了两个出色的女性形象,《蒂凡尼的早餐》里的郝莉和《夏日十字路口》里的格蕾迪,社会阶级、家庭背景以及各自所持的人生观的不同使得这两位少女为着自己想要的人生道路进行着不同的挣扎。然而,结局却是一样的萧条、肃杀。作为卡波特的第一部中篇小说,《夏日十字路口》有着举足轻重的地位,对它的研究可以揭示出卡波特早期作品中业已形成的特定风格及对其成熟作品的影响。     

离子缔合光度法测定微量锌的研究

提出了Zn(Ⅱ)-SCN-RHB离子缔合物光度法测定微量锌.此方法检出限为0.026μg/ml,线性范围为0.13～0.65μg/ml,RSD为0.89%.     

双负二项风险模型的破产概率

研究的是保费收取的次数为负二项随机序列的复合负二项模型时的破产概率．对离散的经典风险模型进行改进,讨论了盈余的性质,给出了关于破产概率的一个定理,得到了破产概率的上限．     

突破一类电学难点问题的关键

文章通过剖析电路中电阻变化的两种情况 ,找到了解决一类电学难点问题的可行性方法 .     

货币政策工具运用对中介目标影响的实证分析

随着市场化程度的提高,货币的内生性程度增强,从而使以货币供应量作为中介目标的货币政策效应趋于弱化,此外,国有企业,国有商业银行的体制和制度弊端,金融市场不发达,社会保障体制不健全和我国居民的传统消费伦理观也是制约货币政策效应的重要因素,因此,对货币政策效应的约束条件,不仅来源于货币领域,而且来源于实体经济的各相关环节,通货紧缩时期,不是资本不足,而且滞留在为生产过程和银行领域的资本数量太大,货币政策是为然不能完全有效地解决这些问题,在这种条件下,直接有效的投资扩张只能来自于财政政策,货币政策主要是解决经济运行所需要的流通手段。     

Drinking glucose improves listening span in students who miss breakfast

Low blood sugar level resulting from fasting has been shown to reduce performance on a number of cognitive tasks. In this study, 80 non-diabetic A-level students missed breakfast. They completed a version of Daneman and Carpenter's Listening Span Test at 9.00 a.m. Half were then given a drink containing glucose, while the other half received a saccharine drink matched for taste. After 20 minutes, both groups completed another form of the Listening Span Test. A subset of the sample had their blood glucose levels determined immediately before the drink and again before the second application of the test. Blood glucose levels did not change, but listening span performance significantly improved after a glucose drink yet not after a saccharine drink. It is concluded that missing breakfast does not seriously affect blood sugar levels in healthy young students, but listening span performance which is a good predictor of listening comprehension is improved when fasting individuals imbibe a glucose-rich drink, although not when a saccharine drink is drunk. Ideally students should eat breakfast, but if this is omitted, then a glucose snack or drink before the first class may reverse any adverse effects.     

小学生习作用字情况调查

我们以国内几大作文网站的小学生习作为语料来源,建立了小学生作文语料库。从语料库统计出的数据看,所涉汉字8 067种,其中2 536个汉字覆盖全部语料的99%,而另外的5 531个汉字仅覆盖了全部语料的1%。同时统计出高频字在小学各学段中出现的字种量:第一学段有1 800个,第二学段有2 500个,第三学段有3000个。将小学生作文中的高频字与《现代汉语常用字表》和小学语文教材中出现的常用字进行分段比较后得出,在第一、第二、第三学段中分别有499、324、381个汉字不见于《现代汉语常用字表》,有220、159、268个汉字不见于现行的小学语文教材常用字。     

加强中心血站血液质量管理的思考

加强血液质量管理是血站管理工作的核心问题,是安全输血的重要前提条件。本文探讨了中心血站如何从提高工作人员的认识和自身素质,通过确定全面质量管理的基本指导思想,采取法制化管理与标准化管理并举和三级管理体系,以及通过引进国际质量体系来加强血液质量管理。可以借助科技进步来促进血液质量管理。     

煤矿瓦斯和煤尘的监测与控制

通过大量资料和数据,利用目标规划等方法建立了数学模型,利用ORIGIN、MATLAB、LINGO等软件对所建立的模型进行了求解和分析,得到以下的结论:利用Origin软件可求得每天的相对和绝对瓦斯涌出量并取其范围,再对照收集数据判断该煤矿是否属于高瓦斯矿井;通过Matlab6.5软件对收集的数据进行拟合,得到瓦斯浓度变化和煤尘爆炸浓度下限变化量关系的曲线和函数,判断煤矿不安全的程度;从目标规划入手,运用Lingo软件确定该煤矿所需的最佳通风量,并利用收集的数据得出工作面备风系数,从而确定2个采煤工作面所需风量和局部通风机的额定风量.     

免疫初乳对正常和实验性糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响

目的研究免疫初乳对正常小鼠和四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响.方法用正常小鼠和糖尿病模型小鼠研究免疫初乳调节血糖的作用.连续30d给予正常小鼠和四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠免疫初乳,30d后眼眶取血,取其血清测定小鼠空腹血清血糖.结论免疫初乳能显著降低四氧嘧啶致高血糖小鼠的血糖水平并提高其糖耐量,且高剂量免疫初乳组的效果好于低剂量组的效果.但免疫初乳对正常小鼠的血清血糖及糖耐量没有影响.     

糖尿病患者自我注射胰岛素的健康教育与护理

目的：总结糖尿病患者自我注射胰岛素的护理,减轻糖尿病患者家庭经济和护理负担,提高生活质量。方法：对需注射胰岛素的糖尿病患者进行心理疏导,告知注射胰岛素的相关注意事项。结果：通过健康宣教,提高糖尿病患者胰岛素治疗效果,更好控制血糖水平。结论：让糖尿病患者正确使用胰岛素,加强糖尿病的治疗效果。     

简易血型测定和血涂片制作在实验教学中的应用

方法：在生理学实验教学中，采一滴指血，同时做两个实验，即血型测定和血涂片的制作。目的：通过上述实验方法的设计，在原计划《生理学》实验“血型测定”为两个学时的实验内容中，增加了已学组织学实验内容“血涂片的制作”，使学生在有限的一次实验课中，节省了采血的次数，扩展了实验内容，增加了学生亲自参与实验的机会，提高了学生实践动手能力和思维能力。在学新知识的同时，巩固了已学知识，从而达到了知识“迁移”的目的。     

太极拳运动对2型糖尿病患者的疗效影响

观察太极拳锻炼对2型糖尿病患者的疗效,研究太极拳对2型糖尿病患者的影响及其作用机制.     

溶剂胶束作用对葡萄糖氧化酶催化活性的影响

研究6种溶剂和表面活性剂对葡萄糖氧化酶催化活性的影响.研究表明,30%丙酮溶液对反应体系有激活作用,可使葡萄糖氧化酶测定葡萄糖的反应速率加快、灵敏度提高,线性范围达到0.00-10.00g/L,同时确定了最佳反应条件.研究结果对于优选新的激活剂具有一定的实际意义.     

Research on the protection effect of pioglitazone for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） in rats

Objective： The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） has markedly increased. Insulin resistance has been implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. This study was aimed at observing the relationship between insulin resistance and NAFLD, and evaluating the role of pioglitazone （PGZ） acting as insulin-sensitizing agents in the prevention and treatment of rat fatty liver induced by high fat feeding. Methods： The rats were separated randomly into 6 groups： model group Ⅰ were fed high fat diet for 8 weeks, PGZ prevention group were given PGZ 4 mg/（kg.d） simultaneously, while control group Ⅰ were fed normal food for 8 weeks; model group Ⅱ were fed high fat diet for 16 weeks, PGZ treatment group were given PGZ 4 mg/（kg.d） orally simultaneous with high fat diet for 8 weeks after high fat feeding for 8 weeks, control group Ⅱ were fed normal food for 16 weeks. The rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks and 16 weeks respectively. Liver weight, body weight, serum activities of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α）, fasting blood glucose （FBG）, fasting plasma insulin （FINS）, HOMA （homeostasis model assessment） insulin resistance index （HOMA-IR）, and the liver histology of rats of all groups were assayed. Results： After 8 weeks, the liver in model group Ⅰ showed typical steatosis, accompanied with mild to moderate lobular inflammatory cell infiltration, liver indexes and serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TNF-α were significantly increased （P〈0.05） compared with control group Ⅰ. Whereas, the degree of hepatic injury was attenuated in PGZ prevention group, liver indexes and serum levels of ALT, ALP were significantly decreased （P〈0.05） compared with model group Ⅰ. After 16 weeks, notable steatosis, and lobular inflammation were observed in model group Ⅱ rat liver, while the degree of hepatic injury was attenuated in the PGZ treatment group. Liver index, serum levels ofALT, AST, ALP, FINS and HOMA-IR were significantly increased （P〈0.05） in model group Ⅱ compared with control group Ⅱ. Whereas, in PGZ treatment group, serum levels of AST and FINS showed decreasing tendency, liver indexes, serum levels of ALT, ALP, TNF-α and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased compared with model group Ⅱ. Conclusion： Insulin resistance plays a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in rats. Pioglitazone can attenuate insulin resistance and biochemical and histological injury in high fat-induced fatty liver in rats.