Science Letters：Evaluation of a kinetic uricase method for serum uric acid assay by predicting background absorbance of uricase reaction solution with an integrated method

A patented kinetic uricase method was evaluated for serum uric acid assay. Initial absorbance of the reaction mixture before uricase action （A0） was obtained by correcting the absorbance at 293 nm measured before the addition of uricase solution, and background absorbance （Ab） was predicted by an integrated method. Uric acid concentration in reaction solution was calculated from AA, the difference between A0 and Ab, using the absorptivity preset for uric acid. This kinetic uricase method exhibited CV〈4.3% and recovery of 100%. Lipids, bilirubin, hemoglobin, ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione and xanthine 〈0.32 mmol/L in serum had no significant effects. △A linearly responded to 1.2 to 37.5 μmol/L uric acid in reaction solution containing 15 μl serum. The slope of linear response was consistent with the absorptivity preset for uric acid while the intercept was consistent with that for serum alone. Uric acid concentrations in clinic sera by different uricase methods positively correlated to each other. By Bland-Altman analysis, this kinetic uricase method accorded with that by quantifying the total change of UV absorbance on the completion of uricase reaction. These results demonstrated that this kinetic uricase method is reliable for serum uric acid assay with enhanced resistance to both xanthine and other common errors, wider range of linear response and much lower cost.     

急性肾功能衰竭家兔心肌损伤的体液机制

目的：观察急性肾功能衰竭（ARF）家兔心肌匀浆自由基、一氧化氮的变化，探讨心肌损伤的体液机制。方法：60只家兔均分为四组（n=15）。ARF模型1组：皮下注射1％HgCl2（1．3ml／kg．bw）；ARF模型2组：肌肉注射50％甘油（10ml／kg．bw）；以等量生理盐水代替HgCl2和甘油作为对照1、2组。24h后，所有动物颈总动脉放血备检，并选择固定位置。制备10％心肌匀浆。经Aeroset型全自动生化分析仪测定血清反映肾功能的生化指标。检测心肌匀浆丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、一氧化氮（NO）及其合酶（NOS）的变化。结果：与相应对照组比较，ARF模型1、2组心匀浆SOD活性下降、MDA含量升高（P〈0．05），ARF模型1、2组心匀浆NO含量增强、NOS及iNOS活性增强（P〈0．05～0．01）。结论：ARF家兔心肌损伤的机制与自由基损伤及NO升高有关。     

油橄榄叶提取物对铅中毒小鼠骨髓NO和NOS的影响

目的探讨油橄榄叶提取物(OLE)对铅中毒小鼠骨髓NO含量和NOS活性的影响。方法选健康小鼠,每日灌胃醋酸铅溶液的同时灌胃不同剂量的OLE进行治疗,连续用药30 d,检测血铅含量、骨髓一氧化氮(NO)含量及一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性的变化。结果与模型对照组相比,小鼠灌胃OLE后血铅水平下降,骨髓NO含量及NOS活性明显降低。结论 OLE对铅中毒小鼠有一定的疗效,能改善骨髓生化指标,拮抗铅对骨髓的毒性。     

Kinetic analysis of γ-glutamyltransferase reaction process for measuring activity via an integration strategy at low concentrations of γ-glutamyl p-nitroaniline

At 0.12 mmol/L γ-glutamyl p-nitroaniline (GGPNA), an improved integrated method was developed for kinetic analysis of γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) reaction process and the integration with the classical initial rate method to measure serum GGT. For the improved integrated method, an integrated rate equation, which used the predictor variable of reaction time and considered inhibitions by both GGPNA and products, was nonlinearly fit to GGT reaction processes. For the integration strategy, classical initial rates were estimated when GGPNA consumption percentages were below 50%; otherwise, maximal reaction rates of GGT were estimated by the improved integrated method and converted into initial rates according to the differential rate equation at 0.11 mmol/L GGPNA. The integration strategy was validated using optimized GGT kinetic parameters and 10-s intervals to record reaction curves within 8.0 min. By the integration strategy, there was a linear response from 0.9 to 32.0 U/L GGT, coefficients of variation were below 3.5% for GGT from 8.0 to 32.0 U/L (n=5), and GGT activities in clinical sera responded linearly to their classical initial rates at 2.00 mmol/L GGPNA with an expected slope. Therefore, the integration strategy was successful in measuring GGT at 0.12 mmol/L GGPNA.     

肌钙蛋白I、CK、CK-MB的测定在心肌损伤性疾病中的诊断价值

[目的]通过测定心肌梗死、不稳定心绞痛患者的血清肌钙蛋白I(CTNI)、肌酸激酶(CK)及其同工酶(CK-MB),探讨其对早期心肌损伤性疾病的诊断价值.[方法]CTNI的测定利用BeckmanAccess全自动免疫分析仪,采用免疫散射比浊法;CK-MB的测定利用日本OLYMPUSAU400全自动生化分析仪,采用酶法.测定56例急性心肌梗塞(AMI)患者、43例不稳定性心绞痛(UAP)患者和50例健康体检者血清肌钙蛋白I(CTNI)、CK、CK-MB;并作相关统计学分析.[结果]AMI组血清CTNI明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01),敏感度为92.98％,特异性为97.96％,UAP组血清CTNI亦明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01).[结论]肌钙蛋白I联合检测CK、CK-MB,在早期心肌损伤的诊断、疗效检测方面具有重要意义.     

不同负荷运动大鼠补充胆红素后肝细胞凋亡趋势的研究

目的：观察补充胆红素对不同负荷运动造成的肝细胞凋亡的影响,为运动营养补剂的研发,减少运动性损伤提供一定的实验依据.方法：以53只健康雄性SD大鼠为研究对象,随机分成7个组,即安静对照组、中等负荷运动组、中等负荷运动＋胆红素组、大负荷运动组、大负荷运动＋胆红素组,力竭运动组、力竭运动＋胆红素组,通过实验检测肝细胞凋亡情况,测量肝组织SOD的活性和MDA含量.结果表明：力竭运动和大负荷运动能诱导大鼠肝细胞凋亡增加;补充胆红素使其肝细胞凋亡率降低,说明胆红素能提高机体抗氧化能力.     

Hypothetical mode of action of earthworm extract with hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties

The hepatoprotective potential of earthworm extract (EE) (Lampito mauritii, Kinberg) was evaluated against paracetamol-induced liver injury in Wistar albino rat, in comparison with silymarin, the standard hepatoprotective drug. We observed a reduction in liver antioxidants, such as glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx),and catalase (CAT) and in serum total protein, and an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum aspertate aminotranferase (AST), serum alanine aminotranferase (ALT), bilirubin and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) due to liver injury in the paracetamol-administered rats (2 g/kg). On the contrary, increased activities of liver GSH, SOD, GPx,CAT and serum total protein level, and decrease in the contents of serum ALP, AST, ALT, bilirubin and liver TBARS were observed in rats administered with different doses of EE (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg), which are similar to the activities of hepatoprotective drug silymarin (150 mg/kg). The mode of action of EE as evidenced by the above parameters may suggest that EE, on the one hand, prevents the formation of the reactive oxygen groups, or scavenges these groups, thereby preventing the damage on the hepatic cells, and, on the other hand, modulates the genes responsible for synthesis of antioxidant enzymes such as GPx, CAT and SOD in liver tissue and decreases the serum enzymatic activities such as ALP, AST and ALT.     

冬训大负荷训练期优秀古典式摔跤运动员若干生化指标监测研究

本研究选取28名优秀古典式摔跤运动员进入冬季集训期后,运动训练对其部分生化指标的影响,以监控训练。结果表明:大负荷训练4周后,运动员血清C、BUN、CK值显著升高,而Hb、T、T/C比值显著下降;调整1周后,运动员生化指标不同程度恢复。提示生化指标能直接反映运动训练负荷大小,应结合生化指标变化的特点,把握规律性,综合监控。     

甘油三酯试剂盒抗还原性干扰的分析

目的 :评价甘油三酯 (TG)试剂盒抗还原性干扰的能力。方法 :用A、B、C三家公司试剂盒在RA -XT生化分析仪上测定含不同浓度胆红素、维生素C的混和血清的TG ,测定值除以各组对照血清测定值。结果 :A公司的TG试剂盒对 4 6 2 μmol/L以下的胆红素、0 .8g/L以下的维生素C具有良好的抗干扰能力 ,“得率”均大于 91%。其他公司的试剂盒“得率”呈不同程度降低 ,部分实验条件下竟为零。结论 :改善试剂盒的抗干扰能力十分重要。     

壳聚糖涂膜对芒果的保鲜效应

探讨了不同浓度壳聚糖涂膜剂对芒果生化指标和保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:2%浓度的壳聚糖涂膜剂对芒果呼吸作用有最好的抑制效果,总酸度和酶活性变化最小,腐烂率最低,具有最好的保鲜效果。     

Myocardial enzyme activities of black bears and comparison with those of human beings

1 Introduction 1 Myocardium enzyme includes Creatin Kinase (CK: EC2.7.3.2) and its isozyme (CK-MB), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH: EC1.1.1.27), α-hydrxybutyrate Dehydrogenase (HBDH) and Glutamic Oxalic Transaminase (GOT: EC2.6.1.1). The black bear (Ursus thibetanus, black bear ) is a kind of animal of great economic and academic attraction, and is included in the List of Level 2 Endangered Species of Animals in China. Extensive research has been done involving the black bear in su…     

肝病患者血清总胆汁酸测定的临床意义

目的探讨肝脏疾病临床诊断中血清总胆汁酸（TBA）测定结果的临床意义。方法在日立7600型全自动生化分析仪上检测272例肝病患者（急性肝炎98例、慢性活动性肝炎54例、肝硬化71例和肝癌49例）的血清TBA、ALT,并与健康对照组比较。结果各种肝病患者的TBA、AIT均显著升高。急性肝炎、慢性活动性肝炎TBA与ALT升高显著,敏感性高,但肝硬化、肝癌两项指标阳性率结果差异明显（χ^2=60．553,P〈0．001）：TBA阳性率高达90％以上,而ALT阳性率仅为20％左右。结论TBA测定对于监测慢性肝病,尤其是肝硬化的早期诊断价值很大,是一项很具实用价值高敏威性的肝功能诊断指标。     

鲫鱼不同组织抗菌肽抑菌活性的初步研究

抗菌肽具有分子量小,活性强,抗菌谱广等特性,为非特异性免疫的关键因子。为研究其抑菌活性,取鲫鱼为研究对象,以60％乙腈和1％三氟乙酸为提取液,从鲫鱼的肝、肾、鳃、皮肤粘液中提取抗菌活性物质,用大肠杆菌和鳗弧菌检测其抑菌活性。结果显示,肝、肾抑菌效果明显,皮肤粘液与鳃次之,其抑菌效果有组织特异性;对该提取物进行热敏性检测,热处理样品抑菌圈直径略有减小,结果显示鲫鱼各组织均含有热不敏感的抗菌肽。     

Infection frequency of Epstein-Barr virus in subgingival samples from patients with different periodontal status and its correlation with clinical parameters

Objective： To detect the infection frequencies of different genotypes of Epstein-Barr virus （EBV） in subgingival samples from chronic periodontitis （CP） patients, and to discuss the correlation between infection with EBV and clinical parameters. Methods： Nested-PCR assay was used to detect EBV-1 and EBV-2 in subgingival samples from 65 CP patients, 65 gingivitis patients and 24 periodontally healthy individuals. The amplicons were further identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis （RFLP） with endonucleases Afa I and Stu I. Clinical parameters mainly included bleeding on probing （BOP）, probing depth （PD）, attachment loss （AL） in six sites of the dentition. Results： In CP patients, gingivitis and periodontally healthy individuals, the infection frequencies were 47.7%, 24.6% and 16.7% for EBV-1, and 15.4%, 7.7% and 0% for EBV-2, respectively. In 2 out of the 65 CP patients co-infection of EBV-1 and EBV-2 was found. The positive rate of EBV-1 in chronic periodontitis patients was higher than that in gingivitis patients （P=-0.01） and periodontally healthy individuals （P=-0.01）. But no significant difference was shown in EBV-1 frequency between gingivitis patients and healthy individuals （P〉0.05） or in EBV-2 frequency among the three groups （P〉0.05）. In CP patients, higher mean BOP value was found in EBV-1 or EBV-2 positive patients than that in EBV negative ones （P〈0.01）, but with no statistical difference in the mean PD or AL value between EBV positive and negative patients （P〉0.05）. After initial periodontal treatment, 12 out of the 21 EBV-1 positive CP patients did not show detectable EBV-1 in subgingival samples. Conclusion： nPCR plus RFLP analysis is a sensitive, specific and stable method to detect EBV-1 and EBV-2 in subgingival samples. Subgingival infection with EBV-1 is closely associated with chronic periodontitis. Infection of EBV in subgingival samples was correlated with BOP.     

利血生的合成

以钠、乙醇钠/石油醚为反应体系,苯乙酸乙酯与甲酸乙酯缩合,再与L半胱氨酸盐酸盐环合制得利血生。总收率79.83%。该工艺反应条件温和,适用于工业化生产。     

NaCl胁迫下水杨酸浸种对水稻幼苗生长的影响

本试验对稻种进行不同浓度的水杨酸浸泡处理,采用琼脂培养法,在50mmol/LNaCl胁迫下对水稻进行培养.水稻三叶一心期测量各项生理指标.结果表明:水杨酸浸种处理与空白对照相比较,水稻幼苗叶绿素含量增加,过氧化物酶活性提高,电导率降低,丙二醛含量降低.不同的水杨酸处理浓度相互比较,得出:0.1g/L的水杨酸处理浓度在50mmol/L NaCl胁迫下,能够最有效地提高水稻幼苗的抗性.     

活性炭固载磷钨杂多酸催化合成苯乙酸乙酯

以活性炭固载磷钨杂多酸为催化剂,苯乙酸和乙醇为原料合成苯乙酸乙酯,考察了影响反应的因素。结果表明,反应温度为80～85℃时,n(醇)∶n(酸)=3.5∶1;催化剂用量为1.0g(苯乙酸为0.05mol的情况下);反应时间为4.5h是最适宜的反应条件。酯化率可达92.5%。     

全氟辛烷磺酸盐暴露对斑马鱼胚胎发育毒性与氧化应激的影响

探讨了全氟辛烷磺酸盐(PFOS)对斑马鱼胚胎的发育毒性与氧化应激的影响。将斑马鱼胚胎暴露于系列浓度(0.1mg/L,0.5mg/L,1mg/L,5mg/L,10mg/L)的PFOS中,分别在胚胎受精后数小时(24hpf,48hpf,72hpf,96hpf,120hpf)内统计急性发育毒性指标,包括存活率、畸形率、心率以及孵化率。同时在暴露结束的120hpf,检测相关的抗氧化酶活性变化,主要包括超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Gpx)以及脂质过氧化物(MDA)。结果显示,PFOS能够导致胚胎/幼鱼存活率降低,畸形率增加,心率加快以及孵化延迟;同时,胚胎SOD活性以及MDA水平增加,CAT与Gpx活性降低,表明PFOS能够诱发斑马鱼胚胎急性发育中毒,影响其抗氧化系统,导致胚胎产生氧化应激。     

肿瘤患者弓形虫抗体调查

本文对178例肿瘤患者和238例健康人,采用间接血凝试验(IHA)进行弓形虫抗体检测。结果患者组阳性27例,感染率为15.16％;健康人阳性者7人,感染率为2.94％。     

大鳍鱯繁殖期主要组织器官的氨基酸和脂肪酸组成

采用生物化学方法的方法,对大鳍鱯繁殖期的性腺、肝脏、肌肉的氨基酸和脂肪酸进行测定．结果表明：大鳍鱯雄性亲鱼精巢、肝脏和肌肉中,肌肉中氨基酸总量最高,为40．90g／100g;其次是精巢,为26．38g／100g;肝脏中含量最低,为18．38g／100g。从必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比例来看,精巢最高,占53．41％;其次是肌肉,占52．93％;肝脏中最低,占51．96％。雌性亲鱼肌肉中氨基酸总量最高,为40．61g／100g;其次是卵巢,为22．42g／100g;肝脏中含量最低,为17．04g／100g。从必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比例来看,卵巢最高,占52．85％;其次是肝脏,占51．76％;肌肉中最低,占49．OO％。从脂肪酸组成来看,雌雄亲鱼均为MUFA所占比例最高,其次是SFA,PUFA比例最小。雄鱼与雌鱼的三种组织器官中,所占比例较高的脂肪酸相似,它们是C18：1n．9（油酸）、C16：0（软脂酸）、C18：2n-6（亚油酸）和C16：1n-7（棕榈酸）。研究揭示了大鳍鱯繁殖期雌、雄亲鱼主要组织器官在物质构成上的特性。