Optimal state feedback control of brushless direct-current motor drive systems based on Lyapunov stability criterion

This paper develops a unified methodology for a real-time speed control of brushless direct-current motor drive systems in the presence of measurement noise and load torque disturbance. First, the mathematical model and hardware structure of system is established. Next, an optimal state feed back controller using the Kalman filter state estimation technique is derived. This is followed by an adaptive control algorithm to compensate for the effects of noise and disturbance. Those two algorithms working together can provide a very-high-speed regulation and dynamic response over a wide range of operating conditions. Simulated responses are presented to highlight the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.     

无位置传感器无刷直流电机无反转起动方法(英文)

为了实现无位置传感器无刷直流电机的无反转起动及平滑切换,提出了一种新的无位置传感器无刷直流电机起动及切换方法.该方法依据电机定子铁芯饱和效应,采用6个短时电压脉冲检测转子初始位置,可将转子定位在60°范围内,然后采用长短电压脉冲相结合的方式加速电机同时利用电流响应的变化动态检测转子位置,当转速上升到可以检测到反电势过零点时,关闭电机驱动电路,根据端电压波形和导通相之间的对应关系确定切换时刻,可将电机平滑切换至反电动势换相运行方式.样机试验结果验证了上述方法的可行性和有效性.     

Design and implementation of a position sensorless control method for brushless DC motors

Because brushless direct current (BLDC) motors have the advantages of a compact size, high power density, high efficiency, and long operating life time, they are widely used in many industrial products and electric traction systems. It is known that the BLDC motors have no brushes for commutation. They are commutated with electronically commutation. So, the rotor position information of the BLDC motors must be known to understand which winding will be energized according to the energizing sequence. In most of the existing BLDC motor drivers, rotor position information is detected by Hall effect sensors. This kind of mechanical position sensors will bring additional connections and costs, reliability decrease and noise increase. In order to improve the control performance and extend the range of speed regulation for BLDC motors, a position sensorless control method is proposed in this paper. In the proposed control method, rotor position information of the BLDC motors is detected from the back electromagnetic forces (back-EMFs) which are estimated by an unknown-input observer with line to line currents and line to line voltages. For the purpose of verifying the effectiveness of the proposed control method, a model is built and simulated on the Matlab/Simulink platform. The simulation results show that the speed regulation performance of BLDC motors is improved compared with using Hall effect sensors. At the same time, the reliability of the BLDC motors is improved and the costs of them are reduced because the position sensor is eliminated.     

基于模糊神经网络PID的无刷直流电机控制系统研究

针对传统PID控制在无刷直流电机控制系统中达不到良好的控制效果的问题,在无刷直流电机的数学模型基础之上,设计一种模糊神经网络自适应PID控制器,该控制器利用模糊控制非线性控制作用和BP神经网络的学习能力及适应能力相结合对PID参数进行在线实时调整。对基于模糊神经网络自适应PID控制器的无刷直流电机的双闭环控制系统进行仿真实验,实验结果表明,可以提高控制系统的响应速度,减小超调量,对负载及电机参数的变化都有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于LabVIEW的直流无刷电动机控制系统设计

给出了直流无刷电机控制系统设计方案,介绍了系统的硬件结构组成、功率电路的逆变模块的选择、开关器件的选型以及驱动电路的设计,并给出了上位机控制软件主要功能的编写程序,实验验证了该系统的可靠性和稳定性。     

一种减小无刷直流电机转矩脉动的广角波控制方法

In order to deal with torque pulsation problem caused by traditional control method for brushless DC （BLDC） motor and to achieve high precision and good stability, a novel control strategy is proposed. Compared with the traditional control scheme, by using phase voltage as a control objective and making waveform of phase current approximately quasi-sinusoidal, torque ripple of BLDC motor is reduced from the original 14% to 3.4%, while toque is increased by 3.8%. Furthermore, by detecting zero-crossings of back electromotive force （BEMF） with non-conducting phases, sensorless control is realized. The new control strategy is simple. It can minimize torque ripple, increase torque, and realize sensorless control for BLDC motor. Simulation and experiments show good performance of BLDC motor by using the new control method.     

车用无刷直流电机转速控制系统设计及仿真

以新型4相24极车用无刷直流电动机为研究对象,采用改进遗传算法对其转速控制系统进行了优化设计。该遗传算法在相当程度上解决了标准遗传算法搜索效率低和早熟收敛的问题。仿真结果表明:相对于传统的3相6拍无刷直流电动机,采用改进遗传算法转速控制系统的4相24极无刷直流电动机具有转矩脉动较低、输出相应快速、稳态性能好以及抗干扰能力强等优点。     

Influence of PWM Modes on Commutation Torque Ripples in Sensorless Brushless DC Motor Control System

This paper introduces four PWM modes used in the sensorless brushless DC motor control system,analyzes their different influences on the commutation torque ripple in detail,and selects the best PWM mode in four given types to reduce commutation torque ripple of Brushless OC( BLDC) motors,Simulation and experimental results show that the selection is correct and practical.     

基于Avalon总线的直流电机PWM控制

介绍了直流电机的PWM控制原理,按照Avalon总线接口规范设计了PWM模块,给出了读操作、写操作、设定PWM周期的程序,所产生的PWM信号的占空比、周期均可数控,用软件实现直流电机的PWM控制.     

基于单片机的直流电机控制系统设计

介绍了基于单片机直流电机控制系统的设计。系统采用STC89C52单片机作为核心控制器、以TA7267BP为驱动芯片,利用四个按键控制直流电机的正转、反转、制动、停止,并点亮对应的状态指示灯。给出了实现控制系统的硬件电路图和软件实现方法。本系统在对微型直流电机的控制中是一种较为理想的选择。     

Novel torque ripple minimization algorithm for direct torque control of induction motor drive

To elucidate the principles of notable torque and flux ripple during the steady state of the conventional direct torque control (DTC) of induction machines, the factors of influence torque variation are examined. A new torque ripple minimization algorithm is proposed. The novel method eradicated the torque ripple by imposing the required stator voltage vector in each control cycle. The M and T axial components of the stator voltage are accomplished by measuring the stator flux error and the expected incremental value of the torque at every sampling time. The maximum angle rotation allowed is obtained. Experimental results showed that the proposed method combined with the space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM) could be implemented in most existing digital drive controllers, offering high performance in both steady and transient states of the induction drives at full speed range. The result of the present work imphes that torque fluctuation could be eliminated by imposing proper stator voltage, and the proposed scheme could not only maintain constant switching frequency for the inverter, but also solve the heating problem and current harmonics in traditional induction motor drives.     

TMS320F240视域下无位置传感器无刷直流电机控制系统研究

该文主要对无位置传感器无刷直流电机的基于DSP的控制系统进行研究.采用无刷直流电机的端电压过零检测方法提取转子位置信号.利用DSP快速运算的优越性来处理反电动势的干扰信号,通过对电机启动的预定位方法的介绍,从而对电机系统中电流控制的双环闭系统进行了构建,对于电机的软硬件双方面都能够进行较好的控制.     

Compensation of dead-time effect of speed sensorless vector control system

The key of speed sensorless vector control system lies in the accurate orientation of magnetic field. In some field-oriented algorithms, the integrator of observers and the dead-time effect bring in system errors during the estimation of field position. In this paper, a saturated feedback integrator is used, and the dead-time effect is compen-sated by current positive feedback. Experiments were carried out on the hardware platform of MCK2407, with chip TMS320LF2407 from TI Company. The results show that the proposed method is simple and effective, and the accuracy of field position is improved.     

基于预测控制的直接转矩控制系统的研究

针对异步电动机直接转矩控制（DTC）系统在低速时由于开关频率不稳定而引起转矩脉动较大的缺点，提出了一种预测控制方法。该方法根据转矩和定子磁链的误差来确定应该施加的参考电压矢量，最后利用空间矢量脉宽调制（SVPWM）方法来合成该矢量，这样即保证了逆变器的开关频率恒定，从而大大降低转矩脉动。仿真结果表明，在低速下定子磁链轨迹近似为圆，转矩脉动不明显。     

基于单片机的直流电机转速测量与控制系统设计

介绍了基于单片机的直流电机转速测量与控制系统的设计。该系统以STC89C52单片机为核心,主要包括转速测量与显示、转速控制、电机驱动等模块。其中电机采用L298N芯片驱动,通过霍尔传感器实施转速测量并在4位数码管上显示转速值,利用ADC0809产生PWM波控制转速,给出了控制系统硬件和软件的实现方法。实验结果表明,该系统结构简单、工作稳定,能很好地实现转速的测量与控制。     

微直流电机恒速控制实验系统

设计的直流电机恒速控制实验系统用STM32F103C8T6单片机作为主控制芯片,采用光电耦合使控制系统与电机系统互不干扰,用PWM(脉宽调制)控制电机转速,并用测速电机测量实时转速并反馈给控制器,通过PID计算得出保持转速不变的PWM占空比,实现闭环控制,系统还预留大量接口和可扩展单元以方便学生创新设计。实验证明,该系统硬件设计可靠,能保证在不同环境下电机稳定地实现恒速运转。