Cultural Differences in Maternal Beliefs and Behaviors: A Study of Middle-Class Anglo and Puerto Rican Mother-Infant Pairs in Four Everyday Situations

This study examines cultural patterning in situational variability in mother-infant interactions among middle-class Anglo and Puerto Rican mothers and their 12 to 15-month-old firstborn children. Forty mothers were interviewed regarding their long-term socialization goals and childrearing strategies, and videotaped interacting with their infants in four everyday settings: feeding, social play, teaching, and free play. Results suggest that: (1) Anglo mothers place greater emphasis on socialization goals and childrearing strategies consonant with a more individualistic orientation, whereas Puerto Rican mothers place greater focus on goals and strategies consistent with a more sociocentric orientation; (2) coherence was found between mothers' childrearing beliefs and practices, with Puerto Rican mothers more likely to directly structure their infants' behaviors; and (3) situational variability arose in mother-infant interactions, but this variability showed a cultural patterning consistent with mothers' long-term socialization goals and childrearing beliefs.     

零团费与我国旅游业中回扣现象的互动关系分析

旅行社的低价竞争导致了零团费的出现,零团费的出现使回扣具有必然性,从两者的关系链及旅游行业利润、国内游客的旅游心理分析三者的互动关系。     

社会资本与弱势群体子女大学生就业的相关性分析

大学生就业不仅关系到每一位大学生的自我生存和发展,也关系到社会的和谐与稳定。文章阐述了社会资本的内涵及其在我国就业市场运作的可能性和必然性,分析了社会资本对弱势群体子女大学生就业产生的影响,提出了相应的对策建议。     

关于研讨式教学的哲学话语

本认为研讨式教学绝非仅仅是一个教学行为的原则性问题，因为实际上教学方式的每一次革新无不意味教育价值观、教育理念的重新选择与构建。因此我们有理由从哲学本体论、认识论的高度对其分析与把握。思想问题弄清楚了，行动的效果才会保证。同时，为确保其功能的真正发挥，从整体上确立其实验的基本原则又是十分必要而迫切的。     

试论公益诉讼立法模式

公益诉讼作为一种新型的诉讼方式,在国外,无论是在经济诉讼还是在行政诉讼方面,都以一定的形式存在并发展.但在我国还是一项立法空白.本文拟对公益诉讼相关问题进行分析,并对公益诉讼的立法模式及诉讼主体提出浅见.     

试析又A又B格式

从作家作品中搜集到的例句来看,又A又B这一格式不同于不A不B,也A也B,越A越B,而是有其自身的特点,本文运用描写的方法,就进入又A又B格式中A、B的材料、又A又B格式的句法功能、又A与又B之间的构成顺序、又A又B格式中A、B之间的语义关系四个方面对又A又B这一格式进行了较为全面的分析,目的是帮助人们进一步了解这一格式,从而更好地利用这一格式来传情达意、写景状物、叙事述怀.     

农村弱势群体的心理归因分析及化解对策

随着我国市场经济的进一步发展和社会结构转型的进一步加剧,社会分化更加明显,贫富差距逐渐加大,农村弱势群体心理问题日益凸现。其中,归因偏差是形成农村弱势群体心理问题的重要原因。要通过对农村弱势群体的心理归因分析,查找农村弱势群体心理问题产生的根源所在,有针对性地提出农村弱势群体心理归因偏差校正的化解对策。     

俄罗斯社会转型时期处境不利儿童道德关怀理念的分析

俄罗斯社会转型之后社会发生了很大的变化,这一时期俄罗斯政府尤为关注处境不利儿童群体健康成长的问题,并提出了处境不利儿童道德关怀的理念.此理念的核心目标就是以平等、理解、尊重、宽容为原则对处境不利儿童实施心灵关怀,抚慰他们的心灵,培养他们的自信心.     

Romantic Dyads,Friendships, and the Social Skill Ratings of Preschool Children

The incidence of romantic, same-sex friendships and CMSS-sex friendship dyads was examined in preschools and daycare centers. The objectives were to demonstrate the existence of preschool romances, to describe behavior patterns that characterize these relationships, and to compare the social skills of the three dyad groups using the Social Skills Rating Scale (Gresham & Elliott, 1990). No significant difference in social skills existed between the groups. The results suggest that preschool romances and cross-sex friendships are common occurrences and do not interfere with normal development of social skills.     

社会网络理论视阈下的高校弱势学科建设

学科建设是衡量大学发展的重要指标.为适应"双一流"建设的发展战略和具体要求,部分高校在学科评估的绩效导向下将裁撤弱势学科作为其优化学科布局的基本方式.但无论是从学术场域内部的学科体系关联性而言,还是从社会网络结构下的权力主导与资本角逐来看,盲目裁撤弱势学科既易造成其在学科群落中的"位置感"缺失和"话语权"旁落,也可能导致整个学科组织系统失衡与学科持续发展断层.为此,重新确立弱势学科的身份认同,激活弱势学科的内生发展潜能,构建合理有序的学科生态系统,有助于打破弱势学科的生存受阻藩篱,营造学科间融通共生的协调发展氛围.     

苔丝悲剧命运的四维解读

《德伯家的苔丝》是英国批判现实主义作家托马斯.哈代的一部巨著,主人公苔丝是个悲剧人物,悲剧成因是多方面的。这里从经济及社会、宗教传统道德、男主人公本质原因以及苔丝自身弱点四个维度来解读苔丝的悲剧命运的形成。     

试析电影演员的四种表演状态

按照演员塑造人物形象与导演的关系,由被动到主动来划分,可以把电影演员的表演分为四种表演状态:完全被动的表演状态、基本表现的表演状态、理解体现的表演状态和创造互动的表演状态。演员由被动到主动的人物形象塑造过程,是演员由一个活动道具变为一个优秀演员的过程。演员要实现这个过程的转变,需要经过大量的学习和实践,不断提高自己的素质。     

上海城市景观格局分析研究

文章利用遥感影像解译的土地利用数据研究了上海快速城市化阶段的城市景观变化特征．结果表明：人类干扰导致了景观的破碎化程度增加,斑块隔离程度加大,景观多样性增大;社会经济的快速发展侵占了大量生态用地,使一些对城市生态环境起重要保护作用的绿地、林地、耕地、园地、水域等资源永久丧失;摊大饼式的城市扩张和无序蔓延还加剧了城市周边生态景观的破碎化程度,阻塞了一些重要动物的迁徙廊道,从而影响到生物多样性保护．     

试论女性主义与后殖民主义、生态批评的关系

女性主义、后殖民主义和生态批评都堪称当今学术界的热门话题,它们之间是相互联系的:一方面,它们都产生于解构主义的文化背景,并受此影响解构中心主义、呼吁文化变革;另一方面,它们之间还两两结合,产生了新的理论——生态女性主义和后殖民女性主义,而这些新理论又促进了女性主义的发展。     

老舍小说叙事模式探析

老舍的小说在叙事模式上，深受中国传统小说叙事模式和民间说唱艺术的影响。他在继承传统的同时。又吸取了西方小说叙事模式的营养，将两者有机结合进而创新。老舍的成功，与他的特有的艺术气质以及所处的时代关系密切，使他在新文学史上第一个十年小说创作的基础上能进行更高层次上的理性反思。     

社会融合理论视角下高校毕业生困难群体的就业指导与服务探析

促进高职毕业生困难群体的就业是促进社会融合的重要内容之一,因此,发挥就业指导与服务的作用势在必行。反思我国目前高职毕业生困难群体,相比家庭经济条件好的学生,在签约时间、择业岗位、签约率及就业服务指导等方面都相对滞后。因此,加强对这些困难学生群体的就业指导与服务,帮助这些学生更好地融入社会是摆在全体教育工作者面前的重要任务。     

Interactions between Niche and Regime: An Analysis of Learning and Innovation Networks for Sustainable Agriculture across Europe

Abstract

Purpose: This paper aims to reveal, and contribute to an understanding of, the processes that connect learning and innovation networks in sustainable agriculture to elements of the mainstream agricultural regime. Drawing on the innovations and transition literature, the paper frames the analysis around niche-regime interaction using the notion of niche-regime compatibility.

Design/Methodology/Approach: 17 Learning and Innovation Networks for Sustainable Agriculture (LINSA) engaged in agricultural food production, non-food and rural development were analyzed. In line with the project's transdisciplinary approach data were collected in a series of participatory workshops.

Findings: Five modes of LINSA-regime interaction are distinguished based on compatibility. The level of LINSA-regime compatibility influences the extent of the diffusion of LINSA ideas and practices into the regime. However, interaction processes within these modes reveal multiple and diverse connections between LINSA and regime entities suggesting a more complex relationship exists.

Practical implications: A range of connecting processes and activities (for example, certification, exemption from regulation, facilitation of networking) can bring about effective LINSA-regime interaction and could be externally supported.

Originality/Value: Empirical evidence from 17 case studies provides valuable insights from a number of different contexts across Europe. By directing analysis of interaction at the level of LINSA (niche project), rather than at the macro level, the study offers an original perspective. It suggests that the transition to sustainable agriculture might be understood as a complex of interactive processes leading to a series of adaptive changes, rather than as regime change.     

"A也罢,B也罢"句式考察

“A也罢,B也罢”一类无条件句,表现形态复杂多样,语义类型丰富,有着很强的表达功能。     

Romantic Dyads, Friendships, and the Social Skill Ratings of Preschool Children

The incidence of romantic, same-sex friendships and CMSS-sex friendship dyads was examined in preschools and daycare centers. The objectives were to demonstrate the existence of preschool romances, to describe behavior patterns that characterize these relationships, and to compare the social skills of the three dyad groups using the Social Skills Rating Scale (Gresham & Elliott, 1990). No significant difference in social skills existed between the groups. The results suggest that preschool romances and cross-sex friendships are common occurrences and do not interfere with normal development of social skills.